INVESTIGATION OF VIRULENCE FACTORS USING PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC METHODS IN HIGH-LEVEL AMINOGLYCOSIDE RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI ISOLATED FROM CHEESE

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence factors using phenotypic and genotypic methods in 54 high-level aminoglycoside resistant (HLAR) enterococci previously isolated from cheese samples. The α-hemolytic (48.15 %), γ-hemolytic (46.30 %), and β-hemolytic (5.55 %) activities phenotypically were determined in HLAR enterococci. Gelatinase activity was detected in only E. faecalis RG22.4, RG26.1, and RG26.2 strains. At least one virulence factor gene was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in HLAR isolates except E. faecium RS32.2. The most frequently virulence genes were detected as ccf  (88.89 %), efaA_fs (85.19 %), acm (77.78 %), gelE (59.2 %), cpd (51.85 %), and esp_fs (50 %) in HLAR enterococci isolates. As a result of phenotypic and genotypic tests, silent gelE genes were found in 30 HLAR enterococci isolates. Detection of high frequency of virulence factor genes in HLAR enterococci strains isolated from cheese is worrying for consumer health.

Keywords

• Enterococcus,cheese,high-level aminoglycoside resistance,virulence factor,polymerase chain reaction

PEYNİRDEN İZOLE EDİLEN YÜKSEK SEVİYEDE AMİNOGLİKOZİD DİRENÇLİ ENTEROKOKLARDA VİRÜLENS FAKTÖRLERİN FENOTİPİK VE GENOTİPİK YÖNTEMLER İLE ARAŞTIRILMASI

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı daha önce peynir örneklerinden izole edilen yüksek-seviyede aminoglikozid dirençli (YSAD) 54 enterokok izolatında virülens faktörlerin fenotipik ve genotipik yöntemler kullanılarak araştırılmasıdır. YSAD enterokok izolatlarında α-hemolitik (48.15 %), γ-hemolitik (46.30 %), ve β-hemolitik (5.55 %) aktivite fenotipik olarak belirlendi. Jelatinaz aktivitesi yalnız E. faecalis RG22.4, RG26.1 ve RG26.2 suşlarında tespit edildi. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ile E. faecium RS32.2 hariç YSAD enterokok izolatlarında en az bir virülens genin varlığı belirlendi. YSAD enterokok izolatlarında en sık görülen genlerin ccf  (% 88.89), efaA_fs (% 85.19), acm (% 77.78), gelE (% 59.2), cpd (% 51.85) ve esp_fs (% 50) olduğu tespit edildi. Fenotipik ve genotipik testler sonucu, 30 YSAD enterokok izolatında sessiz gelE geni bulundu. Peynirden izole edilen YSAD enterokok suşlarında yüksek sıklıkla virülens faktör genlerinin tespit edilmesi tüketici sağlığı için endişe uyandırıcıdır.

Keywords

• Enterococcus,peynir,yüksek seviyede aminoglikozid direnci,virülens faktör,polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu

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