Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Its Usage in Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria (Turkish with English Abstract)

Abstract

In this review, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy and some studies about use of FTIR for identification of lactic acid bacteria are described. The fundamental principles of FTIR and the mid-infra­red spectroscopy used in determination of organic matters are explained. The multivariate analysis meth­ods used for evaluation of the findings obtained by scientific researches are described briefly. Folowing this basic information, various applications of FTIR spectroscopy and its possible utilization in identification of microorganisms and LAB are reviewed. Previous studies indicated that FTIR spectroscopy can be used routinely in the identification of bacteria. Studies are examined, FTIR spectroscopy can be used routinely in the diagnosis of bacteria are exposed

Keywords

• FTIR, lactic acid bacteria, fingerprint region

Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi (FTIR) Spektroskopisi ve Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Tanısında Kullanılması

Abstract

Bu derlemede, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spektroskopisi ve laktik asit bakterilerinin (LAB) tanısında kullanımına yönelik bazı çalışmalara yer verilmiştir. FTIR spektroskopisinin temel prensibi ve organik maddelerin belirlenmesinde kullanılan orta infrared spektroskopisi açıklanmıştır. Bilimsel araştırmalar sonucu elde edilen bulguların değerlendirilmesinde yararlanılan çok değişkenli analiz yöntemleri kısaca anlatılmıştır. Bu temel bilgileri takiben FTIR spektroskopisinin farklı kullanım alanları, mikroorganizmaların ve LAB’nin tanısında yararlanma olanakları üzerinde durulmuştur. Yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde, FTIR spektroskopisinin bakterilerin tanısında rutin olarak kullanılabileceği ortaya konmaktadır.

Keywords

• FTIR, laktik asit bakterileri, parmak izi bölgesi

References

1. 1. Naumann D, Helm D, Labischinski H, Giesbrecht P. 1991. The characterization of microorganisms by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In: Modern Techniques for Rapid Microbiological Analysis, Nelson WH (chief ed.) VCH, New York, pp. 43–96.
2. 2. Skoog DA, Holler FJ, Nieman TA. 1998. Principles of Instrumental Analysis. 5th Edition. Kılıç E, Köseoğlu F, Yılmaz H (çeviri ed) Bilim Yayıncılık, Ankara,. s. 850.
3. 3. Oust A, Møretrø T, Kirschner C, Narvhus JA, Kohler A. 2004. FT-IR spectroscopy for identification of closely related lactobacilli. J Microbiol Meth, 59, 149–162.
4. 4. Koca N, Rodriguez-Saona LE, Harper WJ, Alvarez VB. 2007. Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for monitoring short-chain free fatty acids in Swiss Cheese. J Dairy Sci, 90, 3596–3603.
5. 5. De Voort FR. 1992. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy applied to food analysis. Food Res Int, 25, 397– 403.
6. 6. Erkahveci A, Karaali A. 1996. Fourier Transform Inf- rared (FTIR) Spektroskopisinin gıda analizlerine uygu- lanması, GIDA, 21 (5):337-345. 7. Gündüz T. 2002. İnstrümental Analiz. 6. Baskı, Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara, s. 1357.
7. 8. Helm D, Labischinski H, Schallehn G, Naumann D. 1991. Classification and identification of bacteria by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. J Gen Micro- biol, 131, 69-79. 9. Handi J, Knowles J, Kell, DG. 2005. Computational cluster validation in post-genomic data analysis. Bioinformatics, 21 (15):3201–3212.
8. 10. Al-Qadiri HM, Lin M, Al-Holy MA, Cavinato AG, Rasco BA. 2007. Monitoring quality loss of pasteurized skim milk using visible and short wavelength nearinfrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. J Dairy Sci, 91, 950–958.

9. 11. Kansiz M, Heraud P, Wood B, Burden F, Beardall J, McNaughton D. 1999. Fourier transform infrared mic- rospectroscopy and chemometrics as a tool for the disc- rimination of cyanobacterial strains. Phytochemistry, 52, 407–417.
10. 12. Naumann D, Fijala V, Labischinski H, Giebrecht P. 1988. The rapid differentiation and identification of pathogenic bacteria using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopic and multivariate statistical analysis. J Mol Struct, 174, 165–170.
11. 13. Lefier D, Hirst D, Holt C, Williams AG. 1997. Effect of sampling procedure and strain variation in Listeria monocytogenes on the discrimination of species in the genus Listeria by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and canonical variates analysis. Fems Microbiol Lett, 147, 45–50.
12. 14. Maquelin K, Kirschner C, Choo-Smith LP, Ngo-Thi NA, van Vreeswijk T, Stammler M, Endtz HP, Bruining HA, Naumann D, Puppels GJ. 2003. Prospective study of the performance of vibrational spectroscopies for rapid identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens recovered from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol, 41 (1) ; 324–329.
13. 15. Mariey L, Signolle JP, Amiel C, Travert J. 2001. Disc- rimination, classification, identification of microorga- nisms using FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Vib Spectrosc, 26, 151– 159.
14. 16. Jarvis RM, Goodacre R. 2005. Genetic algorithm optimization for pre-processing and variable selection of spectroscopic data. Bıoınformatıcs, 21 (7); 860–868.
15. 17. Orhunbilge N. 1996. Uygulamalı Regresyon ve Korelasyon Analizi, Avcıol Basım Yayın, İÜ İşletme Fak. Yayın No: 267, İstanbul.
16. 18. Sharma S. 1996. Aplied Multivariate Techniques, U.S.A., John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
17. 19. Yıldız N, Akbulut Ö, Bircan H. 2002. İstatistiğe Giriş. p. 247, Aktif Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
18. 20. Maquelin K, Kirschner C, Choo-Smith LP, van den Braak N, Endtz HP, Naumann D, Puppels GJ. 2002a. Identification of medically relevant microorganisms by vibrational spectroscopy. J Microbiol Meth, 51 (3), 255–271.
19. 21. Maquelin K, Choo-Smith LP, Kirschner C, Ngo-Thi NA, Naumann D, Puppels GJ. 2002b. Vibrational spectroscopic studies of microorganisms. In: Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Chalmers JM, Griffiths PR (eds.) Vol. 5, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 3308– 3334.
20. 22. Dziuba B, Babuchowski A, Nalecz D, Niklewicz M. 2007. Identification of lactic acid bacteria using FTIR spectroscopy and cluster analysis. Int Dairy J, 17, 183– 189.
21. 23. Curk MC, Peladan F, Hubert JC. 1994. Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for identifying Lactobacillus species. Fems Microbiol Lett, 123, 241–248.
22. 24. Etzion Y, Linker R, Cogan U, Shmulevich I. 2004. Determination of protein concentration in raw milk by Mid-Infrared Fourier Transform Infrared/Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy. J Dairy Sci, 87, 2779– 2788.
23. 25. Boye JI, Alli I, Ismail AA. 1996. Interactions involved in the gelation of bovine serum albumin. J Agr Food Chem, 44, 996-1004.
24. 26. Parris N, Purcell JM, Ptashkin SM. 1991. Thermal denaturation of whey proteins in skim milk. J Agr Food Chem, 39, 2167.
25. 27. Rodriguez-Saona LE, Koca N, Harper WJ, Alvarez VB, 2006. Rapid determination of Swiss cheese composition by fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy. J Dairy Sci, 89, 1407-1412.
26. 28. Chen G, Kocaoglu-Vurma NA, Harper WJ, Rodriguez-Saona LE. 2009. Application of infrared microspectroscopy and multivariate analysis for monitoring the effect of adjunct cultures during Swiss cheese ripening. J Dairy Sci, 92, 3575–3584.
27. 29. Kher A, Udabage P, McKinnon I, McNaughton D, Augustin MA. 2007. FTIR investigation of spray-dried milk protein concentrate powders. Vib Spectrosc, 44, 375–381.
28. 30. Dıraman H, Özdemir D, Gündüz HH, Demirci M. 2009. Trakya bölgesinde üretilen çeşitli süt ürünlerinin nitrat ve nitrit düzeylerine göre kemometrik yöntemlerle sınıflandırılması. GIDA, 34 (6); 387-394.
29. 31. Gürdeniz G, Tokatlı F, Özen B. 2008. Zeytinyağında Tağşiş Tespiti için Fourier-Dönüşümlü Kızıl Ötesi (FTIR) Spektroskopi Kullanımı. Türkiye 10. Gıda Kongresi; 21-23 Mayıs 2008, Erzurum, 33-36.
30. 32. Gerçekaslan KE, Kotancılar HG, Karaoğlu MM. 2007.Ekmek bayatlaması ve bayatlama derecesini ölç- mede kullanılan yöntemler – I. GIDA, 32 (6); 305-315.
31. 33. Gerçekaslan KE, Kotancılar HG, Karaoğlu MM, Ertugay MF. 2008. Ekmek bayatlaması ve bayatlama derecesini ölçmede kullanılan yöntemler-II GIDA, 33 (1); 27-34.
32. 34. Onsekizoğlu P, Acar J, Gökmen V. 2008. Kuru kayısılarda akçil sorununun nedenleri üzerine bir araş- tırma. Türkiye 10. Gıda Kongresi; 21-23 Mayıs 2008, Erzurum.
33. 35. Yetişemiyen A, Eren SÖ. 2009. Laktoz kristalleşmesinin fizikokimyası. GIDA, 34 (4); 231-237.
34. 36. Türe H, Eroğlu E, Soyer F, Özen B. 2008. Natamycin içeren antifungal metil selüloz filmlerin fiziksel özellikleri. Türkiye 10. Gıda Kongresi; 21-23 Mayıs 2008, Erzurum.
35. 37. Mantsch HH, Chapman D. 1996. Infrared Spectroscopy of Biomolecules. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 159–202.
36. 38. Lasch P, Naumann D. 1998. FT-IR microspectroscopic imaging of human carcinoma thin sections based on pattern recognition techniques. Cell Mol Biol, 44, 189–202.
37. 39. Papadimitriou K, Boutou E, Zoumpopoulou G, Tarantilis PA, Polissiou M, Vorgias CE, Tsakalidou E. 2008. RNA Arbitrarily Primed PCR and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy reveal plasticity in the acid tolerance response of Streptococcus macedonicus. Appl Environ Microb, 74 (19); 6068–6076.
38. 40. Wharfe ES, Winder CL, Jarvis RM, Goodacre R. 2010. Monitoring the effects of chiral pharmaceuticals on auatic mcroorganisms by metabolic fingerprinting. Appl Environ Microb, 76 (7); 2075-2085.
39. 41. Kirschner Cİ, Ngo Thi NA, Naumann D. 1999. Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules In: New Directions, Greve J, Puppels GJ, Otto C (eds.) Kluwer Academic Publistars, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 561.
40. 42. Udelhoven T, Naumann D, Schmitt J. 2000. Development of a hierarchical classification system with artificial neural networks and FT-IR spectra for the identification of bacteria. Appl Spectrosc, 54, 1471-1479.
41. 43. Winder CL, Gordon SV, Dale J, Hewinson RG, Goodacre R. 2006. Metabolic fingerprints of Mycobacterium bovis cluster with molecular type:implications for genotype–phenotypelinks. Microb, 152, 2757–2765.
42. 44. Mouwen DJM, Weijtens MJBM, Capita R, AlonsoCalleja C, Prietoi M. 2005. Discrimination of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR types of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Appl Environ Microb, 71 (8), 4318–4324.
43. 45. Amiel C, Mariey L, Curk-Daubie MC, Travert J. 2000. Potentiality of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for discrimination and identification of dairy lactic acid bacteria. Le Lait, 80, 445–459.
44. 46. Horbach I, Naumann D, Fehrenbach FJ. 1988. Simultaneous infections with different serogroups of Legionella pneumophila investigated by routine methods and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. J Clin Microbiol, 26, 1106–1110.
45. 47. Hedrick DB, Nivens DE, Stafford C, White DC. 1991. Rapid differentiation of archaebacteria from eubacteria by diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopic analysis of lipid preparations. J Microbiol Meth, 13, 67–73.
46. 48. Wenning M, Büchl NR, Scherer S. 2010. Species and strain identification of lactic acid bacteria using FTIR spectroscopy and artificial neural networks. J Biophotonics, 1–13.
47. 49. Luginbühl W, Jimeno J, Zehntner U. 2006. Identification of seven species of the Lactobacillus acidophilus group by FT–IR spectroscopy. LWT-Food Sci Technol, 39, 152–158.
48. 50. Weinrichter B, Luginbühl W, Rohm H, Jimeno J. 2001. Differentiation of Facultatively Heterofermentative Lactobacilli from Plants, Milk, and Hard Type Cheeses by SDS-PAGE, RAPD, FTIR, Energy Source Utilization and Autolysis Type. Lebensm.-Wiss. u.-Technology, 34, 556-566.
49. 51. Bosch A, Serra D, Pietro C, Schmitt J, Naumann D, Yantorno O. 2006. Characterization of Bordetella pertussis growing as biofilm by chemical analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Appl Microbiol Biot, 71, 736-747.
50. 52. Başyiğit Kılıç G. 2009. Bazı laktobasil suşlarının genetik tanısının yapılması ve faj dirençliliklerinin belirlenmesi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi, Isparta, Türkiye, 149 s.
51. 53. Goodacre R, Timmins EM, Rooney PJ, Rowland JJ, Kell DB. 1996. Rapid identification of Streptococcus and Enterococcus species using diffuse reflectanceabsorbance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and artificial neural networks. Fems Microbiol Lett, 140, 233– 239.
52. 54. Oberreuter H, Mertens F, Seiler H, Scherer S. 2000. Quantification of micro-organisms in binary mixed populations by Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) spectroscopy. Lett Appl Microbiol, 30 (1), 85–89.