Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeklerinin Tematik İçerik Analizi ile İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1513 - 1548, 30.11.2024

Nurevsa Münevver Bahçeci , Yıldız Yıldırım , Melek Gülşah Şahin

https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.1526461

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı sınav kaygısı için kullanılan ölçekleri incelemektir. Türkiye'de geliştirilen veya uyarlanan sınav kaygısı ölçekleri tematik içerik analizi ile incelemiştir. 2013 yılından bu yana yapılan çalışmalar incelenerek 12 ölçek elde edilmiş, 2 çalışma bazı kriterleri karşılamadığı için değerlendirmeye alınmamıştır. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen ölçeklerin büyük çoğunluğu makalelerden oluşmaktadır. Ölçek geliştirme ve uyarlama çalışmaları çoğunlukla 2016-2018 yılları arasında yapılmıştır. Ölçeklerin çoğu Likert tipindedir. Madde sayıları 11 ila 30 arasında değişmektedir. Bazı ölçeklerde sınav kaygısının çok boyutlu yapısı dikkate alınmamıştır. Sınav kaygısının tek boyutlu yapısını ölçen ölçekler bulunmaktadır. Güvenirlik tahminlerinde tüm ölçekler için Cronbach alfa katsayısı hesaplanmış ancak bileşik güvenirlik, Spearman-Brown iki yarı güvenirliği ve test-tekrar test gibi farklı güvenirlik kestirim yöntemleri de kullanılmıştır. Cronbach alfa katsayısı minimum 0,70 ve maksimum 0,94 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeklerin geçerliğine ilişkin veriler incelendiğinde en sık yapı geçerliğine bakıldığı, bunu ölçüt geçerliğinin izlediği görülmektedir. Çalışmalarda kapsam geçerliği incelenmemiştir. Yapı geçerliliğini inceleyen çalışmalarda AFA ve DFA değerlerine, ölçüt geçerliğini inceleyen çalışmalarda ise kullanılan ölçeklere ilişkin bulgular sunulmuştur. Aynı zamanda ölçeklerin psikometrik özelliklerinin analizinde bazı eksiklikler tespit edilmiş ve bu doğrultuda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Sınav Kaygısı, Ölçek Geliştirme, Ölçek Uyarlama, Tematik İçerik Analizi, Psikometrik Özellikler

Examination of Scales for Test Anxiety with Thematic Content Analysis

Abstract

This study aims to examine the descriptive and psychometric properties of test anxiety scales in Türkiye through thematic content analysis. A total of 12 scales were obtained by means of the review of studies conducted since 2013. Two studies were not evaluated because they failed to meet the requisite criteria. Document analysis was used as the data collection method. Many of the scales examined consisted of articles. The majority of scale development and adaptation studies were conducted between 2016 and 2018. Most of the scales were of the Likert-type and the number of items ranged from 11 to 30. The multidimensional structure of test anxiety was not considered in some scales, while a number of scales were developed to measure the unidimensional structure of test anxiety. In reliability estimates, the Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated for all scales, but different reliability estimation methods were also used, including Composite reliability, Spearman-Brown Split half reliability, and test-retest. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as a minimum of 0.70 and a maximum of 0.94. When the validity data of the scales were reviewed, it was observed that construct validity was the most frequently examined construct, followed by criterion validity. However, content validity was not investigated in any of the studies. Findings regarding EFA and CFA values in the studies on construct validity and the scales used in the studies on criterion validity are presented. At the same time, the analysis of the psychometric properties revealed certain deficiencies, and suggestions were made accordingly.

Keywords

Test Anxiety, Scale Development, Scale Adaptation, Thematic Content Analysis, Psychometric Properties

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