Lectin Histochemistry of Agrotis segetum Midgut Cells and Peritrophic Membrane

Year 2018, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 1022 - 1031, 01.12.2018

Naznoosh Shomalı–moghaddam Nursel Gul Ebru Gokalp Ozkorkmaz Aydin Ozluk

Abstract

Midgut cell and peritrophic membranes of   grain pest Agrotis segetum larvae
were examined by light microscope. Six biotinylated lectins were used in the
assays by applying histochemical methods (Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase). The aim of
this study was to find lectins binding on peritrophic membranes if they were
available as insecticidal agents. Results of the study indicated that lectins
BPA (Bauhinia purpurea) and GS-I (Griffonia simplicifolia)
strongly stained whereas, PNA
(Pea Nut Agglutinin) and UEA-1 (Ulex europaeus) moderately stained the
tissues. However, WGA (Wheat Germ Agglutinin) and Con-A (Canavalia
ensiformis) stained the tissues weakly. The common feature of two binding proteins,
BPA and GS-I lectin was binding to D- galactose. Our examinations revealed
that   D-galactose mostly exists in A.
segetum larvae midgut cell
membranes and peritrophic membrane and this means BPA and GS-I lectins can be
used as insecticidal agents against A.
segetum.

Keywords

Agrotis segetum larvae, Biotinylated lectins, Midgut cells, Peritrophic membrane

References

• Reference1. Zethner, O. , Khan, B.M., Chaudhry, M.I., Bolet, B., Khan, S., Khan, H., Gul, H., Øgaard, L., Zaman, M., Nawaz, G., Agrotis segetum granulosis virus as a control agent against field populations of Agrotis ipsilon and A. segetum (Lep: Noctuidae) on tobacco, okra, potato and sugar beet in northern Pakistan Entomophaga., 32 (5): 449-455, (1987).
• Reference2. Erasmus, A., Van Rensburg, J.B., Van den Berg, J, Effects of Bt maize on Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): a pest of maize seedlings. Environ. Entomol., 39(2):702-706, (2010).
• Reference3. Jakubowska, A.K., Dwight, E.L., Herrero, S., Vlak, J.M., Oers, M.M.V., Host-range expansion of Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus to Agrotis segetum larvae when the midgut is bypassed. J. Gen. Virol., 91: 898–906, (2010).
• Reference4. Martoja, R., Ballan, C., The ultrastructure of the digestive and excetory organs. In: R.C. King and H. Akai editors. Insect Ultrastructure. Springer, Boston, (1984).
• Reference5. Levy, S.M., Falleiros, M.F.A., Moscardi, F., Gregorio, E.A., Toledo, L., Morphological study of the hindgut in larvae of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Neotropical. Entomol., 33(4): 427-431, (2004a).
• Reference6. Levy, S.M., Falleiros, M.F.A., Moscardi, F., Gregorio, E.A., Toledo, L., The larval midgut of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Light and electron microscopy studies of the epithelial cells. Braz. J. Biol. 64(3B): 633-638, (2004b).
• Reference7. Lehane, M. J., Peritrophic matrix structure and function. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 42:525-550, (1997).
• Reference8. Tellam, R.L., Wijffels, G., Willadsen, P., Peritrophic matrix proteins. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 29:87-101. (1999).
• Reference9. Bolognesi, R., Terra, W.R., Ferreira, C., Peritrophic membrane role in enhancing digestive efficiency: Theoretical and experimental models. J. Insect Physiology, 54 (10-11): 1413-1422, (2008).
• Reference10. Eisemann, C.H., Binnington, K.C., The peritrophic membrane: its formation, structure, chemical composition and permeability in relation to vaccination against ectoparasitic arthropods. Int. J. Parasitol. 24: 15-56, (1994).
• Reference11. Merzendorfer, H. and Zimoch, L., Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases. J. Exp. Biol. 206:4393-4412, (2003).
• Reference12. Rost-Roszkowska, M.M., Undrul, A., Fine structure and differentiation of the midgut epithelium of Allacma fusca (Insecta: Collembola: Symphypleona). Zool. Stud., 47(2): 200-206, (2008).
• Reference13. Sharon, N., Lectins. Sci. Amer., 236 (6): 108-119, (1977).
• Reference14. Vierbuchen, M., Lectin receptors. In: Seifert, G. editor. Current Topics in Pathology. Verlag, Springer Press, Berlin, 83:1-522. (1991).
• Reference15. Lis, H., Sharon, N., Lectins as molecules and as tools. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55:35-67, (1986).
• Reference16. Lis, H., Sharon, N., History of lectins: from hemagglutinins to biological recognition molecules. Glycobiol. 14(11):53R, (2004).
• Reference17. Brooks, S.A., Hall, D.M., Lectin histochemistry to detect altered glycosylation in cells and tissues. Methods Mol. Biol. 878:31-50, (2012).
• Reference18. Gul, N., Sayar, H., Ozsoy, N., Ayvalı, C., A study on endocrine cells in the midgut of Agrotis segetum (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Turk J. Zool. 25(3):193-197, (2001).
• Reference19. Basu, D., Nair, J.V., Appukuttan, P.S., Oligosaccharide structure determination of glycoconjugates using lectins. J. Biosci. 11(1):41-46, (1987).
• Reference20. Helliwell, T.R., Gunhan, O., Edwards, R.H., Lectin binding and desmin expression during necrosis, regeneration, and neurogenic atrophy of human skeletal muscle. J. Path., 159:43-51, (1989).
• Reference21. Tinel, J.M., Benevides, M.F.C., Frutuoso, M.S. et al. A lectin from Dioclea violacea interacts with midgut surface of Lutzomyia migonei, unlike its homologs, Cratylia floribunda lectin, and Canavalia gladiata lectin. Sci. World J., 1-7, (2014).
• Reference22. Basseri, H.R., Javazm, M.S., Farivar, L., Abai, M.R. Lectin-carbohydrate recognition mechanism of Plasmodium berghei in the midgut of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi using quantum dot as a new approach. Acta Trop., 156:37-42, (2016).
• Reference23. Levine, E., Clement, L., Schmidt, R.S., A low cost, and labor efficient method for rearing black cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The Great Lakes Entomol., 15:47-48, (1982).
• Reference24. Stoddart, R.W, Jones, C.J.P., Lectin histochemistry and cytochemistry–light microscopy. Avidin-biotin amplification on resin-embedded sections. In: Rhodes JM, Milton JD, editors. Methods in Molecular Medicine Vol. 9. Lectin Methods and Protocols. Humana Press, Totowa, pp. 21-39, (1998).
• Reference25. Rhodes, J.M., Milton, J.D. Lectin methods and protocols. Humana Press. (1998).
• Reference26. Czapla, T.H., Lang, B.A., Effect of plany lectins on the larval development of European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Southern Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae). J. Eco. Entomol., 83:2480-2485, (1990).
• Reference27. Evangelista, L.G., Leite, A.C.R. Histochemical localization of N- Acetyl-Galactosamine in the midgut of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. Med. Entomol., 39(3): 432-439, (2002).
• Reference28. Sauvion, N., Nardon, C., Febvay, G., Gatehouse, A.M.R., Rahbe, Y., Binding of the insecticidal lectin Concanavalin A in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum ( Harris) and induce an effect on the structure of midgut epithelial cells. J. Insect Physiol., 50: 1137-1150, (2004).
• Reference29. Martin, G.G., Simox, R., Nguyen, A., Chilingaryan, A., Peritrophic membrane of the penaeid shrimp Sicyonia ingentis : Structure, formation and permeability. Biol. Bull. 211:275-285, (2006).
• Reference30. Zaccone, G., Fasula, S., Locascio, P., Licata, A., Ainis, L., Affronte, R., Lectin-binding pattern on the surface epidermis of Ambystoma tigrinım larvae. Histochem., 87: 431-438, (1987).