The Ultrastructure of the Synaptonemal Complexes in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) Spermatocytes
Year 2011,
Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 187 - 192, 05.04.2011
Remziye Devecı
,
Sabire Karacalı
Abstract
Fine structure of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) was investigated in primary spermatocytes of Galleria mellonella testes. In longitudinal sections, the SCs were discriminated as linear or curved rods in the prophase nuclei of the first meiotic division. These rods were attached to the inner surface of the nuclear envelope by their one end. Two electron dense axial or lateral elements were clearly distinguished in fine structure of the SCs. A central element was formed by parallel bands with a lesser electron density than the lateral elements. The diameters of the central and the lateral elements were 37 nm and 48.7 nm, respectively. The central element is embedded within the electron lucent central region. Fine transverse filaments crossing the central region between the lateral and central elements were seen. The width of this area was measured 40.4 nm. Taken together, total diameter of the SCs in the testes of G.mellonella reaches to 218 nm.
Key words: Synaptonemal complex, Testis, Galleria mellonella, Insect, Electron microscopy.
References
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- Schmekel, K., “Methods for immunoelectron microscopic and fine structural analysis of synaptonemal complexes and nodules in yeast”, Chromosoma, 109: 110-116, (2000).
- Zenvirth, D., Loidl, J., Klein, S., Arbel, A., Shemesh, R., Simchen, G., “Switching yeast from meiosis to mitosis: double-strand break repair, recombination and synaptonemal complex”, Genes Cells, 2: 487-498, (1997).
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- Solari, A.J., “Synaptonemal complex analysis in human male infertility”, Eur. J. Histochem., 43: 265-276, (1999).
- Vidal, F., Templado, C., Navarro, J., Brusadin, S., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic and synaptonemal complex studies in 45 subfertile males”, Hum. Genet., 60: 301-304, (1982a).
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- Millonig, G., “Advantages of a phosphate buffer for OsO4 solution in fixation”, J. Appl. Physiol., 32: 1637, (1961).
- Reynolds, E.S., “The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy”, J. Cell Biol., 17: 208-212, (1963).
- Campos-Ramos, R., Harvey, S.C., Penman, D.J., “Sex-specific differences in the synaptonemal complex in the genus Oreochromis (Cichlidae)”, Genetica, 135: 325-332, (2009).
- Rasmussen, S.W., “The meiotic prophase in Bombyx mori females analyzed by three dimensional reconstructions of synaptonemal complexes”, Chromosoma, 54: 245-293, (1976).
- King, R.C., Akai, H., “Spermatogenesis in Bombyx mori, II. The ultrastructure of synapsed bivalents”, J. Morphol., 134: 181-194, (1971).
- Przelecka, A., “Synaptonemal complexes in the ovaries of Galleria mellonella”, Experientia, 28: 445-446, (1972).
- Schmekel, K., Skoglund, U., Daneholt, B., “The three-dimensional structure of the central region in a synaptonemal complex: a comparison between rat and two insect species, Drosophila melanogaster and Blaps cribrosa”, Chromosoma, 102: 682-692, (1993).
- Westergaard, M., von Wettstein, D., “The synaptonemal complex”, Annu. Rev. Genet., 6: 71-110, (1972).
- Molina, J., Martínez-Flores, I., Templado, C., García, M., Egozcue, J., “The synaptic process in Locusta migratoria spermatocytes by synaptonemal complex analysis”, Histol. Histopathol., 13: 949-954, (1998).
- Alsheimer, M., von Glasenapp, E., Hock, R., Benavente, R., “Architecture of the nuclear periphery of rat pachytene spermatocytes: distribution of nuclear envelope proteins in relation to synaptonemal complex attachment sites”, Mol. Biol. Cell, 10: 1235-1245, (1999).
- Rasmussen, S.W., “Ultrastructural studies of spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen”, Z. Zellforsch., 140: 125-144, (1973).
- McKim, K.S., Green-Marroquin, B.L., Sekelsky, J.J., Chin, G., Steinberg, C., Khodosh, R., Hawley, R.S., “Meiotic synapsis in the absence of recombination”, Science, 279: 876-878, (1998).
- Navarro, J., Vidal, F., Templado, C., Benet, J., Pomerol, J.M., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “A new synaptic anomaly: irregular synaptonemal complexes”, Hum. Genet., 72: 272-274, (1986a).
- Speed, R.M., Chandley, A.C., “Prophase of meiosis in human spermatocytes analysed by EM microspreading in infertile men and their controls and comparisons with human oocytes”, Hum. Genet., 84: 547-554, (1990).
- Lange, R., Krause, W., Engel, W., “Analyses of meiotic chromosomes in testicular biopsies of infertile patients”. Hum. Reprod., 12: 2154- 2158, (1997).
- Chaganti, R.S., Jhanwar, S.C., Ehrenbard, L.T., Kourides, I.A., Williams, J.J., “Genetically determined asynapsis, spermatogenic degeneration, and infertility in men”, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 32: 833-848, (1980).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., “Triple chromosome pairing in an aneuploid bull spermatocyte”, Can. J. Genet. Cytol., 26: 782-783, (1984).
- Koykul, W., Basrur, P.K., “Synaptic anomalies in fetal bovine oocytes”, Genome, 37: 83-91, (1994).
- Vidal, F., Templado, C., Navarro, J., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic and synaptonemal complex studies in a 14/21 translocation carrier”, Int. J. Androl., 5: 21-26, (1982b).
- de-Perdigo, Gabriel-Robez, O., Rumpler, Y., A., “Analysis of synaptonemal complexes in a heterozygous human male carrier of a reciprocal translocation involving an acrocentric chromosome: heterosynapsis without previous homosynapsis”, Hum. Genet., 87: 602-606, (1991).
- Villagómez, D.A., Andersson, M., Gustavsson, I., Plöen, L., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of a reciprocal translocation, rcp(20;24)(q17;q25), in a subfertile bull”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 62: 124-130, (1993).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. III. Meiotic pairing mechanisms in F1 Brahman x Hereford hybrids”, Genome, 34: 228-235, (1991b).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. I. Pachytene substaging and the normal full bloods”, Genome, 32: 856-864, (1989).
- Kovács, A., Villagómez, D.A., Gustavsson, I., Lindblad, K., Foote, R.H., Howard, T.H., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of a three- breakpoint translocation in a subfertile bull”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 61: 195-201, (1992).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. II. Bos indicus x Bos taurus F1 and backcross hybrids”, Genome, 34: 220-227, (1991a).
- Allen, J.W., Gibson, J.B., Poorman, P.A., Backer, L.C., Moses, M.J., “Synaptonemal complex damage induced by clastogenic and anti-mitotic chemicals: implications for non- disjunction and aneuploidy”, Mutat. Res., 201: 313-324, (1988a).
- Allen, J.W., Poorman, P.A., Backer, L.C., Gibson, J.B., Westbrook-Collins, B., Moses, M.J., “Synaptonemal complex damage as a measure of genotoxicity at meiosis”, Cell Biol. Toxicol., 4: 487-494, (1988b).
- Switoński, M., Gustavsson, I., Plöen, L., “The nature of the 1;29 translocation in cattle as revealed by synaptonemal complex analysis using electron microscopy”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 44: 103-111, (1987).
- Navarro, J., Vidal, F., Templado, C., Benet, J., Marina, S., Pomerol, J.M., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic chromosome studies and synaptonemal complex analyses by light and electron microscopy in 47 infertile or sterile males”, Hum. Reprod., 1: 523-527, (1986b).
Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) Spermatocytes
Year 2011,
Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 187 - 192, 05.04.2011
Remziye Devecı
,
Sabire Karacalı
References
- Rasmussen, S.W., Holm, P.B., “The meiotic prophase in Bombyx mori", In Insect Ultrastructure, Vol.1, Plenum Press, New York, 61-85, (1982). [2] Page, S.L. and Hawley, R.S., “The genetics and molecular biology of the synaptonemal complex”, Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 20: 525- 558, (2004). [3] de Boer, E. and Heyting, C., “The diverse roles of transverse filaments of synaptonemal complexes in meiosis”, Chromosoma, 115: 220- 234, (2006).
- Kironmai, K.M., Muniyappa, K., Freidman, D.B., Hollingsworth, N.M., Byers, B., “DNA- binding activities of Hop1 protein, a synaptonemal complex component from Saccharomyces cerevisiae”. Mol. Cell Biol., 18: 1424-1435, (1998).
- Moens, P.B., Pearlman, R.E., Heng, H.H., Traut, W., “Chromosome cores and chromatin at meiotic prophase”, Curr. Top. Dev. Biol., 37: 241-262, (1998).
- Schmekel, K., Daneholt, B., “Evidence for close contact between recombination nodules and the central element of the synaptonemal complex”, Chromosome Res., 6: 155-159, (1998).
- Di Carlo, A.D., Travia, G., De Felici, M., “The meiotic specific synaptonemal complex protein SCP3 is expressed by female and male primordial germ cells of the mouse embryo”, Int. J. Dev. Biol., 44: 241-244, (2000).
- Schmekel, K., “Methods for immunoelectron microscopic and fine structural analysis of synaptonemal complexes and nodules in yeast”, Chromosoma, 109: 110-116, (2000).
- Zenvirth, D., Loidl, J., Klein, S., Arbel, A., Shemesh, R., Simchen, G., “Switching yeast from meiosis to mitosis: double-strand break repair, recombination and synaptonemal complex”, Genes Cells, 2: 487-498, (1997).
- Zickler, D., “The synaptonemal complex: a structure necessary for pairing, recombination or organization of the meiotic chromosome?”, J. Soc. Biol., 193: 17-22, (1999).
- Solari, A.J., “Synaptonemal complex analysis in human male infertility”, Eur. J. Histochem., 43: 265-276, (1999).
- Vidal, F., Templado, C., Navarro, J., Brusadin, S., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic and synaptonemal complex studies in 45 subfertile males”, Hum. Genet., 60: 301-304, (1982a).
- Switoński, M., Stranzinger, G., “Studies of synaptonemal complexes in farm mammals-a review”, J. Hered., 89: 473-480, (1998).
- Johannisson, R., Schwinger, E., Wolff, H.H., vom-Ende, V., Lohrs, U., “The effect of 13;14 Robertsonian translocations on germ-cell differentiation in infertile males”, Cytogenet. Genet., Cell, 63: 151-155, (1993).
- Marston, N., Campbell, B., Boldt, P.E., “Mass producing eggs of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.)”, Tech. Bull., 1510: 1- 15, (1975).
- Akçelik, M., “Büyük mum güvesi (Galleria mellonella L.) yumurtalarının açılması ve larval gelişme”, Teknik Arıcılık, 9: 1-25, (1987). [23] Karnovsky, M.J., “A formaldehyde- glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolality for use in electron microscopy”, J. Cell Biol., 27: 137A-138A, (1965).
- Millonig, G., “Advantages of a phosphate buffer for OsO4 solution in fixation”, J. Appl. Physiol., 32: 1637, (1961).
- Reynolds, E.S., “The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy”, J. Cell Biol., 17: 208-212, (1963).
- Campos-Ramos, R., Harvey, S.C., Penman, D.J., “Sex-specific differences in the synaptonemal complex in the genus Oreochromis (Cichlidae)”, Genetica, 135: 325-332, (2009).
- Rasmussen, S.W., “The meiotic prophase in Bombyx mori females analyzed by three dimensional reconstructions of synaptonemal complexes”, Chromosoma, 54: 245-293, (1976).
- King, R.C., Akai, H., “Spermatogenesis in Bombyx mori, II. The ultrastructure of synapsed bivalents”, J. Morphol., 134: 181-194, (1971).
- Przelecka, A., “Synaptonemal complexes in the ovaries of Galleria mellonella”, Experientia, 28: 445-446, (1972).
- Schmekel, K., Skoglund, U., Daneholt, B., “The three-dimensional structure of the central region in a synaptonemal complex: a comparison between rat and two insect species, Drosophila melanogaster and Blaps cribrosa”, Chromosoma, 102: 682-692, (1993).
- Westergaard, M., von Wettstein, D., “The synaptonemal complex”, Annu. Rev. Genet., 6: 71-110, (1972).
- Molina, J., Martínez-Flores, I., Templado, C., García, M., Egozcue, J., “The synaptic process in Locusta migratoria spermatocytes by synaptonemal complex analysis”, Histol. Histopathol., 13: 949-954, (1998).
- Alsheimer, M., von Glasenapp, E., Hock, R., Benavente, R., “Architecture of the nuclear periphery of rat pachytene spermatocytes: distribution of nuclear envelope proteins in relation to synaptonemal complex attachment sites”, Mol. Biol. Cell, 10: 1235-1245, (1999).
- Rasmussen, S.W., “Ultrastructural studies of spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen”, Z. Zellforsch., 140: 125-144, (1973).
- McKim, K.S., Green-Marroquin, B.L., Sekelsky, J.J., Chin, G., Steinberg, C., Khodosh, R., Hawley, R.S., “Meiotic synapsis in the absence of recombination”, Science, 279: 876-878, (1998).
- Navarro, J., Vidal, F., Templado, C., Benet, J., Pomerol, J.M., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “A new synaptic anomaly: irregular synaptonemal complexes”, Hum. Genet., 72: 272-274, (1986a).
- Speed, R.M., Chandley, A.C., “Prophase of meiosis in human spermatocytes analysed by EM microspreading in infertile men and their controls and comparisons with human oocytes”, Hum. Genet., 84: 547-554, (1990).
- Lange, R., Krause, W., Engel, W., “Analyses of meiotic chromosomes in testicular biopsies of infertile patients”. Hum. Reprod., 12: 2154- 2158, (1997).
- Chaganti, R.S., Jhanwar, S.C., Ehrenbard, L.T., Kourides, I.A., Williams, J.J., “Genetically determined asynapsis, spermatogenic degeneration, and infertility in men”, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 32: 833-848, (1980).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., “Triple chromosome pairing in an aneuploid bull spermatocyte”, Can. J. Genet. Cytol., 26: 782-783, (1984).
- Koykul, W., Basrur, P.K., “Synaptic anomalies in fetal bovine oocytes”, Genome, 37: 83-91, (1994).
- Vidal, F., Templado, C., Navarro, J., Marina, S., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic and synaptonemal complex studies in a 14/21 translocation carrier”, Int. J. Androl., 5: 21-26, (1982b).
- de-Perdigo, Gabriel-Robez, O., Rumpler, Y., A., “Analysis of synaptonemal complexes in a heterozygous human male carrier of a reciprocal translocation involving an acrocentric chromosome: heterosynapsis without previous homosynapsis”, Hum. Genet., 87: 602-606, (1991).
- Villagómez, D.A., Andersson, M., Gustavsson, I., Plöen, L., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of a reciprocal translocation, rcp(20;24)(q17;q25), in a subfertile bull”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 62: 124-130, (1993).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. III. Meiotic pairing mechanisms in F1 Brahman x Hereford hybrids”, Genome, 34: 228-235, (1991b).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. I. Pachytene substaging and the normal full bloods”, Genome, 32: 856-864, (1989).
- Kovács, A., Villagómez, D.A., Gustavsson, I., Lindblad, K., Foote, R.H., Howard, T.H., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of a three- breakpoint translocation in a subfertile bull”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 61: 195-201, (1992).
- Dollin, A.E., Murray, J.D., Gillies, C.B., “Synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. II. Bos indicus x Bos taurus F1 and backcross hybrids”, Genome, 34: 220-227, (1991a).
- Allen, J.W., Gibson, J.B., Poorman, P.A., Backer, L.C., Moses, M.J., “Synaptonemal complex damage induced by clastogenic and anti-mitotic chemicals: implications for non- disjunction and aneuploidy”, Mutat. Res., 201: 313-324, (1988a).
- Allen, J.W., Poorman, P.A., Backer, L.C., Gibson, J.B., Westbrook-Collins, B., Moses, M.J., “Synaptonemal complex damage as a measure of genotoxicity at meiosis”, Cell Biol. Toxicol., 4: 487-494, (1988b).
- Switoński, M., Gustavsson, I., Plöen, L., “The nature of the 1;29 translocation in cattle as revealed by synaptonemal complex analysis using electron microscopy”, Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 44: 103-111, (1987).
- Navarro, J., Vidal, F., Templado, C., Benet, J., Marina, S., Pomerol, J.M., Egozcue, J., “Meiotic chromosome studies and synaptonemal complex analyses by light and electron microscopy in 47 infertile or sterile males”, Hum. Reprod., 1: 523-527, (1986b).