Air Quality Changes Caused by Vehicles: An Assessment Based on PM10, NO₂, SO₂ and CO Parameters

Abstract

It is of great importance to determine the causes of air pollution, which is one of the most important environmental problems, and to reveal the ways in which it will be reduced. To reduce traffic-induced air pollution, which is one of the top air pollutants, electric car production has increased in recent years and has begun to take its position in traffic. Electric vehicles, both in terms of reducing air pollutant emissions and contributing to energy consumption, offer a potential alternative mechanism for a cleaner and more sustainable environment. In this context, it is necessary to observe the number of electric vehicles and their changes on air quality emissions. In this study, the effects of provinces, which account for 65% of the number of registered vehicles in Turkey, on air quality emissions are analyzed for the years 2016-2024. The change in air quality emissions of PM10, NO₂, SO₂ and CO over the years for the selected provinces and the effect of electric vehicle use on this change were evaluated. A significant and gradual decrease is observed in the selected air quality parameters. It is concluded that this trend is directly related to the transformation in vehicle technologies.

Keywords

• Electric vehicles
• Air pollution
• Air quality emissions

Taşıt Kaynaklı Hava Kalitesi Değişimi: PM10, NO₂, SO₂ ve CO Parametrelerine Dayalı Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

En önemli çevre problemlerinin başında yer alan hava kirliliğinin nedenlerinin belirlenip hangi yollarla azaltılacağının ortaya konulması büyük öneme sahiptir. Hava kirleticilerin başında yer alan trafik kaynaklı hava kirliliğinin azaltılması için son yıllarda elektrikli araç üretimi hız kazanarak trafikte yerini almaya başlamıştır. Elektrikli araçlar hem hava kirletici emisyonlarının azaltılması hem de enerji tüketimine katkı sunması bakımından daha temiz ve sürdürülebilir bir çevre ile potansiyel alternatif bir mekanizma olarak hizmet vermektedir. Bu bağlamda elektrikli araç sayıları ve bunun hava kalitesi emisyonları üzerindeki değişimlerinin gözlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye genelinde trafiğe kayıtlı araç sayılarının %65’lik kısmını oluşturan illerin hava kalitesi emisyonlarına olan etkileri 2016-2024 yılları için incelenmiştir. Hava kalitesi emisyonlarından PM10, NO₂, SO₂ ve CO' nin seçilen iller için yıllara göre değişimi ve bu değişime elektrikli araç kullanımının etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Seçilen hava kalitesi parametrelerinde belirgin ve kademeli bir azalma gözlemlenmiştir. Bu eğilimin de araç teknolojilerindeki dönüşümle doğrudan ilişkili olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli araç
• Hava kirliliği
• Hava kalitesi emisyonları

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