Bilyalı Dövme Parametrelerinin AA7075 Alüminyum Alaşımının Yüzey Altı Özelliklerine Etkileri

Abstract

Bilyalı dövme işlemi özellikle otomotiv ve havacılık endüstrilerinde değişken yüklemeler altında çalışan makine elemanlarının yorulma ömürlerinin geliştirilmesi için yaygın olarak uygulanan önemli bir mekanik yüzey işleme yöntemidir. Yorulma ömrünün geliştirilmesi; bilyalı dövme ile malzeme yüzey altı mikroyapısı ve mekanik özelliklerinin iyileştirilerek çatlak oluşumunun engellenmesi ve oluşan çatlakların ilerleme hızlarının yavaşlatılması ile sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada farklı bilyalı dövme parametreleri altında dövülen AA7075 alüminyum alaşımının yüzey altı mikroyapısında ve mekanik özelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bilya boyutu ve bilya püskürtme basıncı parametrelerinin yüzey altı sertlik değerlerine ve yüzey altı mikroyapısına etkileri derinliğe bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Bilyalı dövme deneyleri özel olarak tasarlanan bilyalı dövme test sisteminde 0,1-0,3 mm ve 0,4-0,9 mm çaplarında paslanmaz çelik bilyalar ile 2 ve 4 bar püskürtme basınçları altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Püskürtme basıncı ve bilya boyutunun artışı ile yüzey altı sertlik değerleri belirgin bir şekilde iyileşmiş ve sertlik artışı gözlenen bölgenin derinliği artmıştır. Püskürtme basıncının artışı ile her iki bilya boyutunda da mikroyapısal değişime uğrayan bölgenin derinliği artış göstermiştir. Yüksek basınçta büyük boyutlu partiküller ile dövülen numunelerde plastik deformasyonun şiddeti artmış ve aşırı plastik deformasyona uğramış bölgeler gözlenmiştir. Püskürtme basıncı ve bilya boyutu artışı nedeniyle meydana gelen aşırı plastik deformasyon nedeniyle yüzeyde derin ve geniş çukurcukların ve yüzeysel mikro çatlakların oluşumu belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

• AA7075 alaşımı,Bilyalı dövme,Bilya boyutu,Püskürtme basıncı,Mikroyapı,Sertlik

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