Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İş (İstihdam) Umudu ile Akademik Branş Memnuniyeti Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Occupational awareness levels and the perceptions regarding employment are important for finding and staying in a job which matches the appropriate knowledge, skills, and expectations of job seekers. Employment hope is the general mood for students and graduates to gain knowledge about labor markets and to seek a job. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between employment hope levels and academic major satisfaction levels used in evaluating university students' perspective on employment concept. The study sample consisted of 548 senior university students. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there were positive relationships between employment hope and academic major satisfaction. Also, it was examined whether the employment hope and academic major satisfaction levels of the students differed according to gender and sector type to be preferred after graduation. It was seen that male students had higher employment hope levels and female students had higher academic major satisfaction levels. It was determined that the students who are considering working in the public sector have higher employment hope levels and academic branch satisfaction levels than those who are considering working in the private sector.

Keywords

• İstihdam,İş umudu,Akademik Branş Memnuniyeti

An Investigation on the Relationship between Employment Hope and Academic Major Satisfaction Levels of University Students

Abstract

İş arayan bireylerin bilgi, beceri ve beklentilerine uygun bir iş bulmak ve bu işte kalabilmek için istihdam olgusuna bakış açıları ve mesleki farkındalık düzeyleri önem taşımaktadır. İş umudu, öğrencilerin ve mezunların işgücü piyasaları hakkında bilgi sahibi olma ve bir iş arayışında bulunabilmelerine yönelik genel ruh halini ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin istihdam kavramına bakış açılarının değerlendirilmesinde yararlanılan iş umudu düzeyleri ile akademik branş memnuniyeti düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 548 son sınıf üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerle yapılan analizler sonucunda, iş umudu ve akademik branş memnuniyeti arasında olumlu yönde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin iş umudu düzeylerinin ve akademik branş memnuniyeti düzeylerinin cinsiyet ve mezun olduktan sonra tercih edileceği düşünülen sektör türüne göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerin iş umudu düzeylerinin kadın öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu, kadın öğrencilerin ise akademik branş memnuniyeti düzeyinin erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Kamu sektöründe çalışmayı düşünen öğrencilerin hem iş umudu hem de akademik branş memnuniyeti düzeylerinin özel sektörde çalışmayı düşünenlere kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. 

References

1. Becker, J., Kovach, A. C. ve Gronseth, D. L. (2004). Individual empowerment: How community health workers operationalize selfdetermination, self-sufficiency, and decision-making abilities of low-income mothers. Journal of Community Psychology, 32, 327-342.
2. Brown, S.D., Lamp, K., Telander, K.J. ve Hacker, J. (2012). Career development as prevention: toward a social cognitive model of vocational hope. In E. Vera (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Prevention in Counseling Psychology (pp. 374-392). New York: Oxford University Press.
3. Buckley, J. ve Herth, K. (2004). Fostering hope in terminally ill patients. Nursing Standard, 19, 33-41.
4. Chukwuedo, S. O., & Ogbuanya, C. T. (2018). Fostering Academic Major Satisfaction, Career Curiosity, and Job Search Behaviors Among Electrical/Electronic Technology Education Undergraduates. Journal of Career Development.1-14.
5. DeWitz, S. J. ve Walsh, W. B. (2002). Self-efficacy and college student satisfaction. Journal of Career Assessment, 10(3), 315-326.
6. Doo, M. Y. Ve Park, S. H. (2019). Effects of work value orientation and academic major satisfaction on career decision-making self-efficacy. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(4),550-562.
7. Ebulum, G. C. ve Chidiobi, R. U. (2016). Resilience, gender and age as predictors of satisfaction with academic major among University Undergraduates. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Social Sciences, 6(04), 13-23.
8. Eun, H., Sohri, Y. W. ve Lee, S. (2013). The effects of self-regulated decision making on career path and major-related career choice. Journal of Employment Counselling, 50, 98–109.

9. Gati, I., Asulin-Peretz, L. Ve Fisher, A. (2012). Emotional and personality-related career decision-making difficulties: A 3-year follow-up. The Counseling Psychologist, 40(1), 6-27.
10. Gupta, A., Chong, S. ve Leong, F. T. (2015). Development and validation of the vocational identity measure. Journal of Career Assessment, 23(1), 79-90.
11. Hawkins, R. L. (2005). From self-sufficiency to personal and family sustainability: A new paradigm for social policy. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 32, 77-92.
12. Herth, K (1991). Development and refinement of an instrument to measure hope. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 5, 39-51.
13. Herth, K. (1989). The relationship between level of hope and level of coping response and other variables in patients with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 16, 67-72.
14. Herth, K. (1990). The relationship between hope, coping style, concurrent losses,and setting to grief resolution in elderly widow(er)s. Research in Nursing and Health, 13, 109-117.
15. Herth, K. (1992). Abbreviated instrument to measure hope: Development and psychometric evaluation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 17, 1251-1259.
16. Holland, J. L. (1997). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments. Psychological Assessment Resources.
17. Hong, P. Y. P. (2013). Toward a client-centered benchmark for self-sufficiency: Empowering community partners for social change. Journal of Community Practice, 21, 356–378.
18. Hong, P. Y. P., Sheriff, V. A. ve Naeger, S. R. (2009). Bottom-up definition of self-sufficiency: Voices from low-income jobseekers. Qualitative Social Work, 8, 357-376.
19. Hong, P. Y. P., Song, I. H., Choi, S. ve Park, J. H. (2016). A Cross-National Validation of the Short Employment Hope Scale (EHS-14) in the United States and South Korea. Social Work Research, 40, 41–51.
20. Hong, P. Y. P. ve Choi, S. (2013). The employment hope scale: Measuring an empowerment pathway to employment success. International Journal of Psychology Research, 8(3), 173.
21. Hong, P.Y.P., Sheriff, V. A. ve Naeger, S. R. (2009). Bottom-up definition of self-sufficiency: Voices from low-income jobseekers. Qualitative Social Work, 8, 357–376.
22. Juntunen, C. L., & Wettersten, K. B. (2006). Work hope: Development and initial validation of a measure. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 94-106.
23. Kalaycı, Şeref (2011), SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Vol. 5. Ankara, Türkiye: Asil Yayın Dağıtım
24. Karasar, N. (2008). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd. Şti: Ankara.
25. Kim, Y. L. ve Lee, S. M. (2015). Effect of satisfaction in major at university on academic achievement among psychological therapy students. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27, 405–409.
26. Larsen, D., Edey, W. ve Lemay, L. (2007). Understanding the role of hope in counseling: Exploring the intentional uses of hope. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 20, 401-416.
27. Lent, R. W., Singley, D., Sheu, H. B., Schmidt, J. A. ve Schmidt, L. C. (2007). Relation of social-cognitive factors to academic satisfaction in engineering students. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(1), 87-97.
28. Logue, C. T., Lounsbury, J. W., Gupta, A. ve Leong, F. T. (2007). Vocational interest themes and personality traits in relation to college major satisfaction of business students. Journal of Career Development, 33(3), 269-295.
29. McIlveen, P., Beccaria, G. Ve Burton, L. J. (2013). Beyond conscientiousness: Career optimism and satisfaction with academic major. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 229-236.
30. Milsom, A. Ve Coughlin, J. (2017). Examining Person–Environment Fit and Academic Major Satisfaction. Journal of College Counseling, 20(3), 250-262.
31. Nauta, M. M. (2007). Assessing college students' satisfaction with their academic majors. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(4), 446-462.
32. Ojeda, L., Flores, L. Y. ve Navarro, R. L. (2011). Social cognitive predictors of Mexican American college students' academic and life satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 61.
33. Oyserman, D., Bybee, D., Terry, K. ve Hart-Johnson, T. (2004). Possible selves as roadmaps. Journal of Research in personality, 38, 130-149.
34. Özdamar, Kasım (2016), Eğitim, Sağlık ve Davranış Bilimlerinde Ölçek ve Test Geliştirme Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi, Nisan Kitabevi. Eskişehir.
35. Porter, S. R. ve Umbach, P. D. (2006). College major choice: An analysis of person–environment fit. Research in higher education, 47(4), 429-449.
36. Seligman, M. E. (2002). Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. Handbook of positive psychology, 2(2002), 3-12.
37. Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M.,Sigmon, S. T. vd. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 570-585.
38. Sovet, L., Park, M. S. A. ve Jung, S. (2014). Validation and psychometric properties of academic major satisfaction scale among Korean college students. Social indicators research, 119(2), 1121-1131.
39. Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences (Vol. 3). Sage publications.
40. Tessema, M. T., Ready, K. ve Yu, W. (2012). Factors affecting college students’ satisfaction with major curriculum: Evidence from nine years of data. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(2), 34-44.
41. Umbach, P. D. ve Porter, S. R. (2002). How do academic departments impact student satisfaction? Understanding the contextual effects of departments. Research in Higher Education, 43(2), 209-234.
42. Umutlu, S. ve Bayar, H.T. (2018). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İş Umutlarının Sınıf Düzeyleri Açısından Karşılaştırılması: SDÜ ÇEEİ Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (31), 416-434.
43. Valle, M.F., Huebner, E.S. ve Suldo, S.M. (2006). An analysis of hope as a psychological strength. Journal of School Psychology, 44, 393-406.