Bölgesel Güvenlik Kompleksi Teorisi Kapsamında Somali ve Afrika Boynuzu’nun Güvenliği; Aktörler, Tehditler ve Riskler

Year 2020, Volume: 16 Issue: 36, 873 - 914, 28.12.2020

Güngör Şahin

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.847722

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Afrika Boynuzu ve Somali; Soğuk Savaş sonrasından günümüze iç savaş, terörizm, deniz haydutluğu, klan/kabile sorunu, kuraklık ve kıtlık gibi konular ile dünya gündemini meşgul etmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Bölgesel Güvenlik Kompleksi Teorisi kapsamında uluslararası deniz ticaretinin ana güzergâhlarından Aden Körfezi’ni kontrol eden Somali ve Afrika Boynuzu’ndaki güvenlik sorunlarının sebeplerini, bölge ülkelerinin ve uluslararası aktörlerin sorunlar karşısındaki rollerini incelemektir. Belirli bir coğrafi bölgedeki devletlerin aralarındaki tarihsel dostluk ve düşmanlıktan kaynaklı bölgesel güç dengesini korumaya yönelik faaliyetler sonucu ortaya çıkan bölgesel krizlerin, küresel krizlere evrilme potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Çalışma, bölgesel sorunlar karşısında, bölgesel ve uluslararası aktörlerin farklı insiyatifler alarak geliştirdikleri kapsamlı güvenlik yaklaşımının anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analizi kullanılarak bölge sorunlarının kaynağının kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçevesinin oluşturulması, son dönemlerde bölgeye daha yakından ilgi göstermeye başlayan Türkiye gibi ülkeler ve uluslararası kuruluşların bölgenin güvenlik sorunlarını doğru tanımlaması, gelecekteki olası tehdit ve risklerin bertaraf edilmesi için gerekli görülmektedir.

Keywords

Afrika, Afrika Boynuzu, Somali, Güvenlik, Tehdit

Security of Somalia and Horn of Africa within the Framework of Regional Security Complex; Actors, Threats, and Risks

Abstract

Horn of Africa and Somalia has been occupying the world agenda with issues such as civil war, terrorism, piracy, clan/tribe problems, drought, and famine since the end of the Cold War. This study aims to explore the reasons of the security problems in Somalia and Horn of Africa both of which control the Gulf of Aden, one of the main routes of the international maritime trade, and the roles of the regional states and international actors in the face of these problems within the framework of Regional Security Complex Theory. The regional crises, occurring as a result of military the activities to protect the regional balance of power emerging from the historical friendships of hostilities between the states in a specific geographical region, have the potential to evolve into global crises. This study is important helping to understand the comprehensive security approaches developed by the regional and international actors against the regional problems by taking different initiatives. In order to overcome possible future threats and risks, it is considered necessary to put forth the conceptual and theoretical framework of the regional problems by using content analysis, a qualitative research method, and to correctly identify the regional security problems by the international organization and by the states like Turkey which has started to show a closer interest to the region recently.

Keywords

Africa, Horn of Africa (HoA), Somalia, Security, Threat

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