Review Article
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YAPAY ZEKÂNIN KAMUOYU ALGISININ YÖNETİLMESİ NOKTASINDA KULLANILABİLMESİNE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2024, , 95 - 114, 26.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.62156/habitus.1408795

Abstract

Günümüzde kamuoyu algısının oluşturulması ve kontrol edilmesi noktasında yapay zekâ destekli sistemler tarafından üretilen teknolojilerden daha sıklıkla istifade edilmektedir. Bu kapsamda burada bu çalışmada makina öğrenmesi, derin öğrenme gibi yapay zekâ destekli teknikler tarafından üretilen algoritmaların, kamuoyu algısının oluşturulması noktasında kullanılabilirliğine dair bir inceleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda ilkin yapay zekâ aracılığıyla üretilen algoritmalara ve yapay zekâ algoritmalarının oluşturulmasında makina öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenme tekniklerinin katkı ve önemine dair bir inceleme yapılmıştır. Müteakiben, üretilen yapay zekâ algoritmaları aracılığıyla algıların manipüle edilebilmesine dair pratik hususlar üzerine kavramsal bazda bazı izahatlar yapılmıştır. Sonrasında ise pratikte kamuoyu algısı oluşturulması açısından yapay zekâ algoritmalarının kullanılması ile alakalı olarak dikkate alınması gereken hususlarla ilgili bir değerlendirme gerçekleştirilmiş ve müteakip araştırmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

References

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  • Akgül, A. (2015). Artificial Intelligence Military Applications, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 45 (1), 255-271.
  • Alpaydın, E. (2004). Introduction to Machine Learning, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Berlin: Springer.
  • Blair, A., Duguid, P., Goeing, A. S. vd. (2021). Information: A Historical Companion, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Bleakley, C. (2020). Poems that Solve Puzzles: The History and Science of Algorithms, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bloomfield, B. P. (1988). Expert Systems and Human Knowledge: A View from The Sociology of Science, AI & Society, 2 (1), 17-29.
  • Bozinovski, S. (2014). Modeling Mechanisms of Cognition-Emotion Interaction in Artificial Neural Networks, Since 1981, Procedia Computer Science, 255-263.
  • Brynielsson, J. (2007). Using AI and Games for Decision Support in Command and Control, Decision Support Systems, 43 (4), 1454-1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.06.012 Bzdok, D., Altman, N. & Krzywinski, M (2018). Statistics Versus Machine Learning, Nature Methods, 15 (4), 233-234. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4642
  • Cortes, C., Vapnik, V. N. (1995). Support-Vector Networks, Machine Learning, 20 (3), 273-297. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00994018
  • Early, N. R. (2023, 19 Temmuz). Disinformation Reimagined: How AI Could Erode Democracy in the 2024 US Elections. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/19/ai-generated-disinformation-us-elections?ref=upstract.com (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
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  • Fabian A. (2018, 25 Ocak). Scherschel: Deepfakes: Neuronale Netzwerke erschaffen Fake-Porn und Hitler-Parodien, In: Heise.
  • Feldman, B. L. (2016). How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Friedman, J. H. (1998). Data Mining and Statistics: What's The Connection? Computing Science and Statistics, 29 (1), 3-9. Harel, D., Feldman, Y. (2004). Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing, Bonn: Addison-Wesley.
  • Howard, J. (2019). Artificial Intelligence: Implications for The Future of Work, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 62 (11), 917-926.
  • İnce, H., İmamoğlu, S. E. ve İmamoğlu, S. Z. (2021). Yapay Zekâ Uygulamalarının Karar Verme Üzerine Etkileri: Kavramsal Bir Çalışma, International Review of Economics and Management, 9 (1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.18825/iremjournal.866432
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  • Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and The Future of Work: Human-AI Symbiosis in Organizational Decision Making, Business Horizons, 61 (4), 577-586.
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  • Jordan, M. I., Bishop, C. M. (2004). Neural Networks. In Allen. B. Tucker (Ed.). Computer Science Handbook, Second Edition (Section VII: Intelligent Systems). Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press LLC.
  • Kaplan, J. (2016). Artificial Intelligence: What Everyone Needs to Know, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Karakaşoğlu, N. (2008). Bulanık Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ve Uygulama, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi- Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kayaönü, E. (2000). Yapay Zekânın Teorik Temelleri, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi- Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Liu, Z. (2021). Sociological Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence: A Typological Reading, Sociology Compass, 15 (3), 1-13.
  • MacKay, D. J. C. (2021). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • MacKenzie, D. (2017). A Material Political Economy: Automated Trading Desk and Price Prediction in High‐Frequency Trading, Social Studies of Science, 47 (2), 172–194.
  • Minar, M. R., Naher, J. (2018). Recent Advances in Deep Learning: An Overview, ArXiv, abs/1807.08169. Mitchell, T. (1997). Machine Learning, New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Murphy, K. P. (2021). Probabilistic Machine Learning: An Introduction, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Pedro, D. (2015). The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for The Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World, New York: Basic Books/Hachette Book Group.
  • Russell, S., Norvig, P. (2009). Artificial Intelligence – A Modern Approach, Munich: Pearson.
  • Sarah J. (2021). The Corporate Social Credit System in China and Its Transnational Impact, Transnational Legal Theory, 12 (2), 294-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/20414005.2021.1977019
  • Sayal, A., Jha, J., N, C., Gupta, V. et al. (2023). Neural Networks and Machine Learning, 2023 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cybernetics, Cognition and Machine Learning Applications (ICCCMLA), 58-63.
  • Schlkopf, B. (2018). Learning With Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, Optimization, and Beyond, Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Schmidhuber, J. (2015). Deep Learning in Neural Networks: An Overview, Neural Networks, 61, 85-117. Şeker, Ş. E. (2008, 17 Kasım). KNN (K Nearest Neighborhood, En Yakın K Komşu). https://bilgisayarkavramlari.com/2008/11/17/knn-k-nearest-neighborhood-en-yakin-k-komsu/ (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Semiz, T. Y. (2017, 26 Aralık). Algoritma Nedir?. https://maker.robotistan.com/algoritma (Erişim: 20.12.2023). Sinha, A., Rathi, M. (2021). COVID-19 prediction using AI analytics for South Korea. Appl Intell 51, 8579-8597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02352-z
  • Toprak, A. (2020). Yapay Zekâ Algoritmalarının Dijital Enstalasyona Dönüşmesi, Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Yeni Düşünceler Hakemli E-Dergisi, (14), 47-59.
  • West, D. M. (2023, 3 May). How AI will transform the 2024 elections. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-ai-will-transform-the-2024-elections/ (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
Year 2024, , 95 - 114, 26.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.62156/habitus.1408795

Abstract

References

  • Aggarwal, C. (2023). Neural Networks and Deep Learning, New York: Springer.
  • Akça, M. F. (2020, 07 Eylül). Karar Ağaçları (Makine Öğrenmesi Serisi-3). https://medium.com/deep-learning-turkiye/karar-açaçları-makine-öğrenmesi-serisi-3. (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Akgül, A. (2015). Artificial Intelligence Military Applications, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 45 (1), 255-271.
  • Alpaydın, E. (2004). Introduction to Machine Learning, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
  • Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Berlin: Springer.
  • Blair, A., Duguid, P., Goeing, A. S. vd. (2021). Information: A Historical Companion, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Bleakley, C. (2020). Poems that Solve Puzzles: The History and Science of Algorithms, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bloomfield, B. P. (1988). Expert Systems and Human Knowledge: A View from The Sociology of Science, AI & Society, 2 (1), 17-29.
  • Bozinovski, S. (2014). Modeling Mechanisms of Cognition-Emotion Interaction in Artificial Neural Networks, Since 1981, Procedia Computer Science, 255-263.
  • Brynielsson, J. (2007). Using AI and Games for Decision Support in Command and Control, Decision Support Systems, 43 (4), 1454-1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.06.012 Bzdok, D., Altman, N. & Krzywinski, M (2018). Statistics Versus Machine Learning, Nature Methods, 15 (4), 233-234. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4642
  • Cortes, C., Vapnik, V. N. (1995). Support-Vector Networks, Machine Learning, 20 (3), 273-297. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00994018
  • Early, N. R. (2023, 19 Temmuz). Disinformation Reimagined: How AI Could Erode Democracy in the 2024 US Elections. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jul/19/ai-generated-disinformation-us-elections?ref=upstract.com (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Enes, K. (2017, 2 Şubat). Algoritma Nedir?. https://www.eneskamis.com/%EF%BB%BF algoritma-nedir-algoritma-ne-ise-yarar (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Ergen, M. (2019). What is Artificial Intelligence? Technical Considerations and Future Perception, The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology, 22 (2), 5-7.
  • Fabian A. (2018, 25 Ocak). Scherschel: Deepfakes: Neuronale Netzwerke erschaffen Fake-Porn und Hitler-Parodien, In: Heise.
  • Feldman, B. L. (2016). How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Friedman, J. H. (1998). Data Mining and Statistics: What's The Connection? Computing Science and Statistics, 29 (1), 3-9. Harel, D., Feldman, Y. (2004). Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing, Bonn: Addison-Wesley.
  • Howard, J. (2019). Artificial Intelligence: Implications for The Future of Work, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 62 (11), 917-926.
  • İnce, H., İmamoğlu, S. E. ve İmamoğlu, S. Z. (2021). Yapay Zekâ Uygulamalarının Karar Verme Üzerine Etkileri: Kavramsal Bir Çalışma, International Review of Economics and Management, 9 (1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.18825/iremjournal.866432
  • İyigün, N. Ö. (2021). Yapay Zekâ ve Stratejik Yönetim, TRT Akademi, 6 (13), 675-679. https://doi.org/10.37679/trta.1002518
  • Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and The Future of Work: Human-AI Symbiosis in Organizational Decision Making, Business Horizons, 61 (4), 577-586.
  • Jones, N. (2023, 27 Eylül). How to Stop AI Deepfakes from Sinking Society - and Science. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02990-y (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Jordan, M. I., Bishop, C. M. (2004). Neural Networks. In Allen. B. Tucker (Ed.). Computer Science Handbook, Second Edition (Section VII: Intelligent Systems). Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press LLC.
  • Kaplan, J. (2016). Artificial Intelligence: What Everyone Needs to Know, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Karakaşoğlu, N. (2008). Bulanık Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ve Uygulama, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi- Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kayaönü, E. (2000). Yapay Zekânın Teorik Temelleri, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi- Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Liu, Z. (2021). Sociological Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence: A Typological Reading, Sociology Compass, 15 (3), 1-13.
  • MacKay, D. J. C. (2021). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • MacKenzie, D. (2017). A Material Political Economy: Automated Trading Desk and Price Prediction in High‐Frequency Trading, Social Studies of Science, 47 (2), 172–194.
  • Minar, M. R., Naher, J. (2018). Recent Advances in Deep Learning: An Overview, ArXiv, abs/1807.08169. Mitchell, T. (1997). Machine Learning, New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Murphy, K. P. (2021). Probabilistic Machine Learning: An Introduction, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Pedro, D. (2015). The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for The Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World, New York: Basic Books/Hachette Book Group.
  • Russell, S., Norvig, P. (2009). Artificial Intelligence – A Modern Approach, Munich: Pearson.
  • Sarah J. (2021). The Corporate Social Credit System in China and Its Transnational Impact, Transnational Legal Theory, 12 (2), 294-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/20414005.2021.1977019
  • Sayal, A., Jha, J., N, C., Gupta, V. et al. (2023). Neural Networks and Machine Learning, 2023 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cybernetics, Cognition and Machine Learning Applications (ICCCMLA), 58-63.
  • Schlkopf, B. (2018). Learning With Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, Optimization, and Beyond, Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Schmidhuber, J. (2015). Deep Learning in Neural Networks: An Overview, Neural Networks, 61, 85-117. Şeker, Ş. E. (2008, 17 Kasım). KNN (K Nearest Neighborhood, En Yakın K Komşu). https://bilgisayarkavramlari.com/2008/11/17/knn-k-nearest-neighborhood-en-yakin-k-komsu/ (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
  • Semiz, T. Y. (2017, 26 Aralık). Algoritma Nedir?. https://maker.robotistan.com/algoritma (Erişim: 20.12.2023). Sinha, A., Rathi, M. (2021). COVID-19 prediction using AI analytics for South Korea. Appl Intell 51, 8579-8597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02352-z
  • Toprak, A. (2020). Yapay Zekâ Algoritmalarının Dijital Enstalasyona Dönüşmesi, Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Yeni Düşünceler Hakemli E-Dergisi, (14), 47-59.
  • West, D. M. (2023, 3 May). How AI will transform the 2024 elections. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-ai-will-transform-the-2024-elections/ (Erişim: 11.10.2023).
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology of Science and Information
Journal Section Review
Authors

Murat Şengöz 0000-0001-6597-0161

Publication Date March 26, 2024
Submission Date December 23, 2023
Acceptance Date January 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Şengöz, M. (2024). YAPAY ZEKÂNIN KAMUOYU ALGISININ YÖNETİLMESİ NOKTASINDA KULLANILABİLMESİNE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Habitus Toplumbilim Dergisi, 5(5), 95-114. https://doi.org/10.62156/habitus.1408795

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