DÜNYA BANKASI ÜYESİ ÜLKELERİN SAĞLIK SİSTEMLERİNİN TEKNİK ETKİNLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN ÖLÇÜMÜ: VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİNE DAYALI BİR UYGULAMA

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 549 - 564, 27.09.2022

Birol Yetim Gülnur İlgün Murat Konca

Abstract

Yönetim literatüründe sıklıkla kullanılan performans kavramının içerik ve kapsamı noktasında çok sayıda tartışma bulunsa da bu tartışmalardan hareketle söz konusu kavram, amaçlanan hedefe ulaşma derecesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle performans ölçümü, diğer sektörlerde olduğu gibi sağlık sektörü için de oldukça önemli konulardan biridir. Özellikle ülke sağlık sistem performanslarının kıyaslanması, kaynaklarını etkin bir şekilde kullanamayan ülkelerin sistemlerini iyileştirebilmeleri için gereklidir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, Dünya Bankası üyesi ülkelerin sağlık sistemlerinin kıyaslanması ve benzer gelir grubunda yer alan ve etkin olmadığı görülen ülkelerin performanslarını artırabilmek için çözüm önerilerinde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın amaçlarına ulaşabilmek için ilk kez 1978 yılında ortaya atılan ancak sonraki yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda geliştirilen ölçeğe göre değişken getirili ve girdi odaklı Veri Zarflama Analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Gelir düzeylerine göre farklı gruplara ayrılan ülkeler kendi grupları içerisinde yer alan ülkeler ile kıyaslanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, yüksek gelirli ülkelerin büyük bir kısmının daha etkin bir sağlık sistemine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ayrıca, orta-düşük ve düşük gelir grubunda olan ülkelerden özellikle Moldova, Moğolistan ve Tunus gibi ülkelerin sahip oldukları kaynakların önemli bir bölümünün atıl kaldığı bulunmuştur. Etkin olmadığı tespit edilen ülkelerin bu çalışmada tespit edilen atıl kapasite miktarlarını göz önünde bulundurarak sağlık sistemlerini planlamaları gerektiği ve bu kapsamda bu çalışmanın yöneticiler ve karar vericiler için kanıta dayalı bilgiler sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Veri zarflama analizi, etkinlik, sağlık sistemi

MEASURING THE LEVEL OF THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE WORLD BANK MEMBER COUNTRIES’ HEALTH SYSTEM: AN APPLICATION ON DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

Abstract

There are many discussions on the content and the scope of the concept of performance but it’s frequently used in management literature and it can be basically defined as the degree of achieving the objectives intended. Thus, performance measurement is one of the most crucial issues for the health sector as much as it does for others. Also, it is necessary to improve the health systems of countries that cannot use their resources effectively. This study was carried out in order to compare the health systems of the World Bank member countries and to offer some solutions for increasing the performance of the countries which in the same/similar income group and are ineffective. Data Envelopment Analysis, input-oriented and variable to the scale, was used to achieve the objectives of the study. This method was first put forward in 1978 and developed as a result of the following studies. In this study, countries firstly divided into different groups according to their income levels and then compared with the other countries within their own groups. As a result of the study, it has been determined that most of the high-income countries have a more effective health system. It was also found that a significant part of the resources of the middle-low and low countries were idle. It is thought that the countries that are found to be ineffective should plan by considering the country's objectives. In this context, it’s thought this study will provide evidence-based information for managers and decision-makers.

Keywords

Data envelopment analysis, efficiency, health system

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