UNIONS AND JOB SECURITY: TOWARDS PRECARIOUS UNIONISM?

Öz

Unions, which have the task to protect the economic and social interests of their members, are going through a difficult process caused by global effects while fulfilling this task. Intense competition, the spread of flexible production and flexible working forms are important global challenges that narrow the sphere of influence of unions and lead to a decrease in union density. These difficulties also led to the emergence of debates about the job security function, which is one of the main functions of unions. Unions are positioned in a flexible and increasingly precarious labor market order. The unions, whose job security functions have weakened, seem to have entered a process towards precarious unionism. The questions before us are whether the precarious trade union movement will make concessions or gain privileges for the unionized workers or newly unionized workers with weakening job security. The researches carried out so far have tried to find answers to some questions such as how well the unions can fulfill their job security function, the perceptions of the employees regarding this function of the unions, whether there are differences in the practice of public-private unions regarding job security. In the study, the concepts of job security and job insecurity, the importance of job security for unions, researches on the subject, findings and the precarious unionism movement are mentioned. The study aims to shed light on the possible problems that unions will face in terms of job security in the face of flexible employment markets and conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• labor union
• job security
• job insecurity
• flexibility
• employment

SENDİKALAR VE İŞ GÜVENCESİ: GÜVENCESİZ SENDİKACILIĞA DOĞRU MU?

Öz

Üyelerinin ekonomik ve sosyal çıkarlarını koruma görevi olan sendikalar, bu görevi yerine getirirken küresel etkilerin yol açtığı zorlu bir süreçten geçmektedir. Yoğun rekabet, yeni ekonomik şartların istihdam piyasalarına yansıyan yönleriyle esnek üretim ve esnek çalışma biçimlerinin yaygınlaşması; sendikaların etki alanlarını daraltan ve sendikal yoğunlukta azalmaya yol açan önemli küresel zorluklardır. Bu zorluklar ayrıca, sendikaların ana fonksiyonlarından biri olan iş güvencesi sağlama fonksiyonu ile ilgili tartışmaların gün yüzüne çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Sendikalar, esnek ve giderek güvencesiz hale gelen bir istihdam piyasası düzeni içerisinde konumlanmaktadır. İş güvencesi sağlama fonksiyonları zayıflayan sendikalar, güvencesiz sendikacılığa doğru bir süreç içerisine girmiş görünmektedir. Güvencesiz sendikacılık hareketinin, zayıflayan iş güvenceleri ile sendikalı çalışanlar ya da yeni sendikalaşanlar için tavizler mi vereceği ya da imtiyazlar mı edineceği önümüzde duran sorulardır. Şu ana kadar yapılan araştırmalar, sendikaların iş güvencesi fonksiyonunu ne kadar yerine getirebildiği, sendikaların bu fonksiyonuna ilişkin çalışanların algıları, kamu-özel sektör sendikalarının iş güvencesi ile ilgili uygulama farklılıkların olup olmadığı gibi birtakım sorulara yanıt bulmaya çalışmıştır. Çalışmada, iş güvencesi ve iş güvencesizliği kavramlarına, sendikalar için iş güvencesinin önemine, konu ile ilgili araştırmalara, bulgulara ve güvencesiz sendikacılık hareketine değinilmiştir. Çalışma, sendikaların esnek istihdam piyasaları ve şartları karşısında iş güvencesi konusunda yaşayacağı muhtemel sorunlara ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sendika
• iş güvencesi
• iş güvencesizliği
• esneklik
• istihdam

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