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Septoria yaprak leke hastalığı etmeni Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm. Quaedvlieg & Crous)’ye ait izolatların farklı sıcaklıklardaki fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerin belirlenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 469 - 479, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.897692

Abstract

Bu çalışma ileseptoria yaprak leke hastalığı etmeni Zymoseptoria tritici(Desm. Quaedvlieg & Crous)’ye ait 4 izolatın farklı sıcaklık koşullarında (4-, 15-, 25-, 30-, 35°C) fizyolojik (birim alandaki spor yoğunluğu, miselyal gelişim ve birim hacimdeki spor sayısı) ve biyokimyasal (protein, prolin, proteaz, melanin ve malonadialdehit) değişimleri incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık değerleri optimum (25°C) değerden uzaklaştıkça patojenin fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değerlerinde değişimler tespit edilmiştir. Birim alandaki spor yoğunluğu, ortalama büyüme çapı ve birim hacimdeki spor sayısında azalma olmuştur(P≤0.05). Yüksek sıcaklıkta (30-, 35°C) patojene ait protein miktarı azalmış, prolin, proteaz, melanin ve malonadialdehit (MDA) değerlerinde ise artış görülmüştür. Buna bağlı olarak fungus izolatları arasında gelişme oluştuğu saptanmıştır. Patojenin CU100StA4 nolu izolatı birim alandaki spor yoğunluğu, ortalama büyüme çapı, birim hacimdeki spor sayısı ve ürettiği proteaz miktarı itibari ile diğer izolatlardan pozitif olarak ayrışmıştır. Patojenin CU107StH110 nolu izolatının prolin, melanin ve malonadialdehit değerleri, diğer izolatlardan daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Yüksek sıcaklıkta (30-, 35°C) proteaz enziminin üretilmesi ile uygun nem koşullarında fungusun virülensliğinin devam edebileceği gözlemlenmiştir. Fungusun proteaz enzim üretimi ile misel uzunluğu, protein ve prolin miktarları arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. ve Teare, I.D., (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil, 39:205–207.
  • Bremer, H., Ismen, H., Karel, G., Ozkan, H. ve Özkan, M., (1948). Contributions to the knowledge of the parasitic fungi of Turkey Part III. Journal Article Rev. Fac. Sci. Univ. Istanbul, 13(1), 1-53.
  • Bora, T. ve Karaca, I., (1970). Bitki hastalıkları sürveyi. Kültür bitkilerinde hastalığın ve zararın ölçülmesi. Ege Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı, Yayın No: 167, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası, Bornova. 43s.
  • Chungu, C., Gilbert, J. and Townley, S.F., (2001). Septoria tritici blotch development as affected by temperature, duration of leaf wetness, inoculum concentration, and host. Plant Dis, (85), 430-435.
  • Cotton, P., Rascle, C. and Fevre, M., (2002). Characterization of PG2, an early endo PG produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, expressed in yeast. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 213(2), 239-244.
  • Dikilitaş, M., Oğuz, A.Ç. ve Karakaya, A., (2018). Extracellular protease activity and glucose production in isolates of net blotch pathogens differing in virülence. Zemdirbysite-Agriculture, 105(1), 89-94.
  • Dikilitaş, M. ve Karakaş, S., (2010). Salt as potential environmental pollutants, their types, effects on plants, and approaches for their phytoremediation. plant adaptation and phytoremediation (Edited By M. Ashraf, M. Ozturk, M.S.A. Ahmad). Springer Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 357-383.
  • Eğerci, Y., Öztürk, M.Ö. ve Hekimhan, H., (2020). Ege bölgesi’nde buğdayda septorya yaprak lekesi hastalığı (zymoseptoria tritici)’nın yaygınlığının belirlenmesi ve moleküler tanılanması. The Turkish Journal of Phytopathology, 49 vol.,issue (3), 63-67.
  • Essahibi, A., Benhiba, L. and Babram, M.A., (2018). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the functional mechanisms associated with drought tolerance in carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Trees 32,87–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-017-1613-8.
  • Gadd, G.M., (1982). Effect of media composition and light on colony differentation and melanin synthesis in Microdochium bollei. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., (78), 115-122.
  • Geng, J., Yu, S.B., Wan, X., Wang, X.J., Shen, P., Zhou, P. and Chen, X.D., (2008). Protective action of bacterial melanin against DNA damage in full UV spectrums by a sensitive plasmid-based noncellular system. J Biochem Biophys Methods, 70(6), 1151-1155.
  • Girard, C. and Michaud, D., (2001). Validation of methyl malondialdehyde as internal standard for malondialdehyde detection by capillary electrophoresis. Analytical Biochemistry, 308, 388-391.
  • Goodwin, S.B., Barek, M.S.B., Dhillon, B., Wittenberg, A.H., Crane, C.F. and Hane, J.K., (2011). Finished genome of the fungal wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola reveals dispen some structure, chromosome plasticity, and stealth pathogenesis. Plos Genetics, (7), 1-17.
  • GUO, J.R. and Verreet, J.A., (2008). Formation and Germination of Septoria tritici secondary conidia as affected by environmental factors. Journal of Phyto pathology, (156), 635-637.
  • Heidrich, D., Corbellini, V.A., Mendes, S.D.C., Fernandes, E.K., Lazzarotto, L., Ribeiro, A.C., Zanette, R,A. and Scroferneker, M.L., (2019). Melanin: quantification and protection agains toxidative stress in chromo blastomycosis agents. MedMycol, (57), 260–263.
  • Hegedus, D.D. and Rimmer, S.R., (2005). Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: When “to be or not to be” a pathogen? Microbiology Letters, (251), 177-184.
  • Howard, R.J. and Valent, B., (1996). Breaking and entering: host penetration by the fungal rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. Annu Rev Microbiol, (50), 491-512.
  • İren, S., (1962). Tarla bitkileri hastalıkları. Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara, 3-94s.
  • Karakaş Dikilitaş, S., (2013). Farklı tuz seviyelerindeki topraklarda yetiştirilen domatesin gelişimi ve bazı fizyolojik özellikleri ile toprak iyileştirilmesi üzerine arkadaş bitkilerin etkileri. Harran Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Şanlıurfa, 315s.
  • Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., David, J.C. and Stalpers, J.A., (2001). Ainsworth and Bisby’s dictionary of the fungi. CABI Publishing, Cambridge.
  • Kishor, K., Sangam, S., Amrutha, R.N., Sri Laxmi, P. and Naidu, K.R., (2005). Regulation of proline biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and transport in higher plants. Current Science, 88(3), 424-438.
  • Kubo, Y. and Furusawa, I., (1991). Melanin Biosynthesis. The fungal spore and disease ınitiation in plants and animals. Springer, Boston. 540pp.
  • Kurt, Ş., (2016). Bitki fungal hastalıkları. Akademisyen Kitap Evi, İstanbul, 214s.
  • Kurt, Ş. ve Tok, F.M., (2006). İnfluence of inokulum concentration, leaf age, temperature and duration on leaf wetnes on Septoria Blight of parsley. Crop Protection, 25, 556-561.
  • Mittova, V., Guy, M., Tal, M. Ve Volokita, M., (2004). Salinity up-regulates the antioxidative system in root mitochondria and peroxisomes of wild salt-tolerant tomato species Lycopersicon pennellii. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55(399), 1105-1113.
  • Ocvirk ,D., Špoljarević,M., Kristić, M.. Hancock,J.T., Teklić, T. and Lisjak, M., (2020). The effects of seed priming with sodium hydrosulphide on drought tolerance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in germination and early growth. Ministry of Science and Technology, Croatia, Grant/Award Number: 079‐0790494‐0559.
  • Pacelli, C., Bryan, R.A., Onofri, S., Selbmann, L., Shuryak, I. and Dadachova, E., (2017). Melanin is effective in protecting fast and slow growing fungi from various types of ionizing radiation. Environment Microbiology, 19, 1612–1624.
  • Paper, J.M., Scott C.J.S., Adhikari, N.D., Cuomo, C.A. and Walton, J.D., (2007). Comparative proteomics of extracellular proteins in vitro and in planta from the pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Proteomics, 7(17), 3171-3183.
  • Poussereau, N., Creton, S., Grand, G.B., Rascle C. and Fevre, M., (2001). Regulation of acp1, encoding a non-aspartyl acid protease expressed during pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Microbiology, 147, 717-726.
  • Rollins, J.A., (2003). The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pac1 Gene ıs required for sclerotial development and virulence. The American Phytopathological Society, 16(9), 785-795.
  • Saidi, A., Eslahi, M.R. and Safaie, N., (2012). Efficiency Of Septoria tritici sporulation on different culture media. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 10(3), 15-18.
  • Sairam, R. K. and Saxena, D. C., (2000). Oxidative stress and antioxidants in wheat genotypes: possible mechanism of water stress tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and CropScience, 184(1), 55-61.
  • Shams Peykani, L. and Sepehr, M.F., (2018). Effect of chitosan on antioxidant enzyme activity, proline, and malondialdehyde content in Triticuma estivum L. and Zeamaize L. under salt stres condition. Iranian Journal of PlantPhysiology, 9 (1), 2661- 2670.
  • Sharma, S.S. and Dietz, K.J., (2006). The significance of amino acids and amino acid-derived molecules in plant responses and adaptation to heavy metal stres. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57(4), 711-726.
  • Sidhu, Y.S., Chaudhari, Y.K., Usher, J., Cairns, T.C., Csukai, M. and Haynes, K., (2015). A suite of gateway compatible ternary expression vectors for functional analysis in Zymoseptoria tritici. Fungal Genet. Biol., 79, 180-185.
  • Thakur, M. and Sharma, A.D., (2005). Salt-stress ınduced proline accumulation in germinating embryos: evidence suggesting a role of proline in seen germination. Journal of Arid Environments, 62, 517-523.
  • Torriani, S.F.F., Brunner, P.C., Mcdonald, B.A. and Sierotzki, H., (2009). Qo Iresistance emergedin dependently at least 4 times in European populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola. PestManage. Sci., 65, 155-162.
  • Tsuji, W., Mek, A., Inanaga, S. and Sugimoto, Y., (2003). Growth and gas exchange of three sorghum cultivars under drought stress. Biomedical and Life Sciences, 46(4), 583-587.
  • Unal, G., Kayim, M., Ay, T. ve Yones, A.M., (2017). Evaluation of disease intensity and molecular identification of Zymoseptoria tritici causing Septoria leaf blotch on wheat in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Turk. Agric. For., 41, 405-413.
  • Wawra S., Djamei, A., Albert I, N.U., Rnberger, T. and Kahmann, R., (2013). In vitro translocation experiments with RxLR-reporter fusion proteins of Avr1b from Phytophthora sojae and AVR3a from Phytophthora infestans fail to demonstrate specific autonomous uptake in plant and animal cells. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 26, 528-536.
  • Yakit, S. Ve Tuna, A.L., (2006). Tuz stresi altındaki mısır bitkisinde (Zea mays L.) stres parametreleri üzerine Ca, Mg ve K’un etkileri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 59-67.
  • Mustafa, Z., (2020). Distribution of Septoria tritici blotch disease agent Zymoseptoria tritici mating type idiomorphs in Turkey. Bitki Koruma bülteni, 60 (3), 33-38.
  • Zhan, F., Xie, Y., Zhu, W., Sun, D., Mcdonald, B.A. and Zhan, J., (2016). Linear correlation analysis of Zymoseptoria tritici aggressiveness with in vitro growth rate. Phytopathology, 106, 1255-1261.
  • Zhan, J. and Mcdonald, B. A., (2013). Experimental measures of pathogen competition and relative fitness. Annu. Rev. Phytopathology, 51, 131-153.
  • Zhu, X.C., Song, F.B. and Xu, H.W., (2010). Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis. PlantandSoil, 331(1), 129-137.

Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics of isolates of septoria leaf blotch disease agent [Zymoseptoria tritici(Desm. Quaedvlieg &Crous)] at different temperatures

Year 2021, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 469 - 479, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.897692

Abstract

In this study, 4 isolates belonging to septoria leaf spot disease [Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm. Quaedvlieg & Crous)] fungus and physiological (spore density per unit area) under different temperature conditions (4-, 15-, 25-, 30-, 35 ° C) micellar growth and the number of spores per unit volume) and biochemical (protein, proline, protease, melanin and malonadialdehyde) changes were investigated. Spore density per unit area, average growth diameter and number of spores per unit volume decreased. Proline, protease, melanin and malonadialdehyde (MDA) values increased, while protein content of the pathogen decreased at high temperature (30-, 35°C).Accordingly, it has been determined that there are differences in growth among the fungus isolates. The isolate numbered CU100StA4 of the pathogen was found to be higher than the other isolates in terms of spore density per unit area, average growth, diameter, number of spores per unit volume and the amount of protease produced. Proline, melanin and malonadialdehyde values of the isolate of the pathogen no. CU107StH110 were higher than the other isolates. It was observed that the presence of protease enzyme at high temperature (30-, 35°C) and the virulence of the fungus could continue under suitable humidity conditions. It has been evaluated that there is a positive relationship between fungus protease enzyme production and micelle length, protein and proline values.

References

  • Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. ve Teare, I.D., (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil, 39:205–207.
  • Bremer, H., Ismen, H., Karel, G., Ozkan, H. ve Özkan, M., (1948). Contributions to the knowledge of the parasitic fungi of Turkey Part III. Journal Article Rev. Fac. Sci. Univ. Istanbul, 13(1), 1-53.
  • Bora, T. ve Karaca, I., (1970). Bitki hastalıkları sürveyi. Kültür bitkilerinde hastalığın ve zararın ölçülmesi. Ege Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı, Yayın No: 167, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası, Bornova. 43s.
  • Chungu, C., Gilbert, J. and Townley, S.F., (2001). Septoria tritici blotch development as affected by temperature, duration of leaf wetness, inoculum concentration, and host. Plant Dis, (85), 430-435.
  • Cotton, P., Rascle, C. and Fevre, M., (2002). Characterization of PG2, an early endo PG produced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, expressed in yeast. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 213(2), 239-244.
  • Dikilitaş, M., Oğuz, A.Ç. ve Karakaya, A., (2018). Extracellular protease activity and glucose production in isolates of net blotch pathogens differing in virülence. Zemdirbysite-Agriculture, 105(1), 89-94.
  • Dikilitaş, M. ve Karakaş, S., (2010). Salt as potential environmental pollutants, their types, effects on plants, and approaches for their phytoremediation. plant adaptation and phytoremediation (Edited By M. Ashraf, M. Ozturk, M.S.A. Ahmad). Springer Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 357-383.
  • Eğerci, Y., Öztürk, M.Ö. ve Hekimhan, H., (2020). Ege bölgesi’nde buğdayda septorya yaprak lekesi hastalığı (zymoseptoria tritici)’nın yaygınlığının belirlenmesi ve moleküler tanılanması. The Turkish Journal of Phytopathology, 49 vol.,issue (3), 63-67.
  • Essahibi, A., Benhiba, L. and Babram, M.A., (2018). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the functional mechanisms associated with drought tolerance in carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Trees 32,87–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-017-1613-8.
  • Gadd, G.M., (1982). Effect of media composition and light on colony differentation and melanin synthesis in Microdochium bollei. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., (78), 115-122.
  • Geng, J., Yu, S.B., Wan, X., Wang, X.J., Shen, P., Zhou, P. and Chen, X.D., (2008). Protective action of bacterial melanin against DNA damage in full UV spectrums by a sensitive plasmid-based noncellular system. J Biochem Biophys Methods, 70(6), 1151-1155.
  • Girard, C. and Michaud, D., (2001). Validation of methyl malondialdehyde as internal standard for malondialdehyde detection by capillary electrophoresis. Analytical Biochemistry, 308, 388-391.
  • Goodwin, S.B., Barek, M.S.B., Dhillon, B., Wittenberg, A.H., Crane, C.F. and Hane, J.K., (2011). Finished genome of the fungal wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola reveals dispen some structure, chromosome plasticity, and stealth pathogenesis. Plos Genetics, (7), 1-17.
  • GUO, J.R. and Verreet, J.A., (2008). Formation and Germination of Septoria tritici secondary conidia as affected by environmental factors. Journal of Phyto pathology, (156), 635-637.
  • Heidrich, D., Corbellini, V.A., Mendes, S.D.C., Fernandes, E.K., Lazzarotto, L., Ribeiro, A.C., Zanette, R,A. and Scroferneker, M.L., (2019). Melanin: quantification and protection agains toxidative stress in chromo blastomycosis agents. MedMycol, (57), 260–263.
  • Hegedus, D.D. and Rimmer, S.R., (2005). Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: When “to be or not to be” a pathogen? Microbiology Letters, (251), 177-184.
  • Howard, R.J. and Valent, B., (1996). Breaking and entering: host penetration by the fungal rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. Annu Rev Microbiol, (50), 491-512.
  • İren, S., (1962). Tarla bitkileri hastalıkları. Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara, 3-94s.
  • Karakaş Dikilitaş, S., (2013). Farklı tuz seviyelerindeki topraklarda yetiştirilen domatesin gelişimi ve bazı fizyolojik özellikleri ile toprak iyileştirilmesi üzerine arkadaş bitkilerin etkileri. Harran Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Şanlıurfa, 315s.
  • Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F., David, J.C. and Stalpers, J.A., (2001). Ainsworth and Bisby’s dictionary of the fungi. CABI Publishing, Cambridge.
  • Kishor, K., Sangam, S., Amrutha, R.N., Sri Laxmi, P. and Naidu, K.R., (2005). Regulation of proline biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and transport in higher plants. Current Science, 88(3), 424-438.
  • Kubo, Y. and Furusawa, I., (1991). Melanin Biosynthesis. The fungal spore and disease ınitiation in plants and animals. Springer, Boston. 540pp.
  • Kurt, Ş., (2016). Bitki fungal hastalıkları. Akademisyen Kitap Evi, İstanbul, 214s.
  • Kurt, Ş. ve Tok, F.M., (2006). İnfluence of inokulum concentration, leaf age, temperature and duration on leaf wetnes on Septoria Blight of parsley. Crop Protection, 25, 556-561.
  • Mittova, V., Guy, M., Tal, M. Ve Volokita, M., (2004). Salinity up-regulates the antioxidative system in root mitochondria and peroxisomes of wild salt-tolerant tomato species Lycopersicon pennellii. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55(399), 1105-1113.
  • Ocvirk ,D., Špoljarević,M., Kristić, M.. Hancock,J.T., Teklić, T. and Lisjak, M., (2020). The effects of seed priming with sodium hydrosulphide on drought tolerance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in germination and early growth. Ministry of Science and Technology, Croatia, Grant/Award Number: 079‐0790494‐0559.
  • Pacelli, C., Bryan, R.A., Onofri, S., Selbmann, L., Shuryak, I. and Dadachova, E., (2017). Melanin is effective in protecting fast and slow growing fungi from various types of ionizing radiation. Environment Microbiology, 19, 1612–1624.
  • Paper, J.M., Scott C.J.S., Adhikari, N.D., Cuomo, C.A. and Walton, J.D., (2007). Comparative proteomics of extracellular proteins in vitro and in planta from the pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Proteomics, 7(17), 3171-3183.
  • Poussereau, N., Creton, S., Grand, G.B., Rascle C. and Fevre, M., (2001). Regulation of acp1, encoding a non-aspartyl acid protease expressed during pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Microbiology, 147, 717-726.
  • Rollins, J.A., (2003). The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pac1 Gene ıs required for sclerotial development and virulence. The American Phytopathological Society, 16(9), 785-795.
  • Saidi, A., Eslahi, M.R. and Safaie, N., (2012). Efficiency Of Septoria tritici sporulation on different culture media. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 10(3), 15-18.
  • Sairam, R. K. and Saxena, D. C., (2000). Oxidative stress and antioxidants in wheat genotypes: possible mechanism of water stress tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and CropScience, 184(1), 55-61.
  • Shams Peykani, L. and Sepehr, M.F., (2018). Effect of chitosan on antioxidant enzyme activity, proline, and malondialdehyde content in Triticuma estivum L. and Zeamaize L. under salt stres condition. Iranian Journal of PlantPhysiology, 9 (1), 2661- 2670.
  • Sharma, S.S. and Dietz, K.J., (2006). The significance of amino acids and amino acid-derived molecules in plant responses and adaptation to heavy metal stres. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57(4), 711-726.
  • Sidhu, Y.S., Chaudhari, Y.K., Usher, J., Cairns, T.C., Csukai, M. and Haynes, K., (2015). A suite of gateway compatible ternary expression vectors for functional analysis in Zymoseptoria tritici. Fungal Genet. Biol., 79, 180-185.
  • Thakur, M. and Sharma, A.D., (2005). Salt-stress ınduced proline accumulation in germinating embryos: evidence suggesting a role of proline in seen germination. Journal of Arid Environments, 62, 517-523.
  • Torriani, S.F.F., Brunner, P.C., Mcdonald, B.A. and Sierotzki, H., (2009). Qo Iresistance emergedin dependently at least 4 times in European populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola. PestManage. Sci., 65, 155-162.
  • Tsuji, W., Mek, A., Inanaga, S. and Sugimoto, Y., (2003). Growth and gas exchange of three sorghum cultivars under drought stress. Biomedical and Life Sciences, 46(4), 583-587.
  • Unal, G., Kayim, M., Ay, T. ve Yones, A.M., (2017). Evaluation of disease intensity and molecular identification of Zymoseptoria tritici causing Septoria leaf blotch on wheat in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Turk. Agric. For., 41, 405-413.
  • Wawra S., Djamei, A., Albert I, N.U., Rnberger, T. and Kahmann, R., (2013). In vitro translocation experiments with RxLR-reporter fusion proteins of Avr1b from Phytophthora sojae and AVR3a from Phytophthora infestans fail to demonstrate specific autonomous uptake in plant and animal cells. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 26, 528-536.
  • Yakit, S. Ve Tuna, A.L., (2006). Tuz stresi altındaki mısır bitkisinde (Zea mays L.) stres parametreleri üzerine Ca, Mg ve K’un etkileri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 59-67.
  • Mustafa, Z., (2020). Distribution of Septoria tritici blotch disease agent Zymoseptoria tritici mating type idiomorphs in Turkey. Bitki Koruma bülteni, 60 (3), 33-38.
  • Zhan, F., Xie, Y., Zhu, W., Sun, D., Mcdonald, B.A. and Zhan, J., (2016). Linear correlation analysis of Zymoseptoria tritici aggressiveness with in vitro growth rate. Phytopathology, 106, 1255-1261.
  • Zhan, J. and Mcdonald, B. A., (2013). Experimental measures of pathogen competition and relative fitness. Annu. Rev. Phytopathology, 51, 131-153.
  • Zhu, X.C., Song, F.B. and Xu, H.W., (2010). Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis. PlantandSoil, 331(1), 129-137.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Botany
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Nevzat Kılınç 0000-0002-5747-5467

Murat Dikilitaş 0000-0002-7399-4750

Mukaddes Kayım 0000-0003-0309-0390

Gülsüm Ünal 0000-0003-1190-3435

Publication Date December 25, 2021
Submission Date March 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 25 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kılınç, N., Dikilitaş, M., Kayım, M., Ünal, G. (2021). Septoria yaprak leke hastalığı etmeni Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm. Quaedvlieg & Crous)’ye ait izolatların farklı sıcaklıklardaki fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerin belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(4), 469-479. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.897692

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