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Etlik Piliçlerde Farklı Yerleşim Sıklığı ve Aydınlatma Uygulamalarının Verim ve Tibia Kemiği Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2017, , 45 - 51, 23.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.357146

Abstract

Bu
çalışma farklı yerleşim sıklığı ve aydınlatma uygulamalarının etlik piliçlerin
verim ve tibia kemiği özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacı ile
yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 12, 16 ve 20 piliç/m2 yerleşim sıklığı ve
sürekli (23A:1K)
-
kesikli
(2.5A:1.5K) aydınlatma programlarının uygulandığı, her biri 3 tekerrürden
oluşan 6 deneme grubu kullanılmıştır. Toplam 648 pilicin yer aldığı araştırmada
canlı ağırlık (bireysel) ve yem tüketimleri (bölme) haftalık olarak tartılarak
yemden yararlanma oranı (yem/canlı ağırlık) hesap yoluyla belirlenmiştir.
Denemenin 35. gününde piliçlerin hareketsiz kalma süreleri (tonik immobilite,
TI), 40. gününde yürüme skorları incelenmiştir. Deneme tamamlandıktan sonra,
kesilen piliçlerden alınan tibia örnekleri incelendi. Yüksek yerleşim sıklığı
ve kesikli aydınlatma (2.5A:1.5K) etlik piliçlerin canlı ağırlıklarını ve yem
tüketimlerini olumsuz etkilemiş, ancak yemden yararlanma oranını etkilememiştir.
Sürekli aydınlatma maruz kalan etlik piliçlerde yerleşim sıklığının azalmasıyla
canlı ağırlıkların arttığı, kesikli aydınlatma uygulandığında ise yerleşim
sıklığının artırmasının piliçlerin canlı ağırlıkları üzerinde herhangi bir
olumsuzluk meydana getirmediği belirlenmiştir. Ekonomik analiz yapıldığında da
yüksek yerleşim sıklığında kesikli
aydınlatma uygulaması en karlı sonucu vermiştir.
Yerleşim sıklığı
ve aydınlatma uygulamalarının piliçlerin tibia kemiği özellikleri üzerindeki
etkisinin önemli olmadığı, erkeklerin dişilerden daha sağlam bir tibia kemiğine
sahip  oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Yerleşim sıklığının artması piliçlerde yürüme skorlarının gerilemesine neden
olmuş, yürüme skorları aydınlatma farklılığından etkilenmemiştir. Yerleşim
sıklığı ve aydınlatmanın piliçlerin hareketsiz kalma süresine  (TI) ve ölüm oranına herhangi önemli bir
etkisi saptanmamıştır.
Sonuçlar yerleşim sıklığı ve aydınlatma programlarının etlik piliçlerin performansları üzerinde önemli etkilere sahip olan yetiştirme faktörleri olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Anonim, 2007. European Union Council Directive 28 June 2007. 2007/ 43/EC. Laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32007L0043 (15 Ağustos 2017)
  • Bilgili SF, Hess JB. 1995. Placement density influences broiler carcass grade and meat yields. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 4:384–389.
  • Blokhuis HJ. 1983. The relevance of sleep in poultry. World’s Poultry Science Journal 39:333–337.
  • Buijs S, Keeling L, Rettenbacher S, Van Poucke E, Tuyttens FAM. 2009. Stocking density effects on broiler welfare: Identifying sensitive ranges for different indicators. Poultry Science 88:1536–1543.
  • Cravener TL, Roush WB, Mashaly MM. 1992. Broiler production under varying population density. Poultry Science 71: 427–433.
  • Dawkins MS, Lee HJ, Waitt CD, Roberts SJ. 2009. Optical flow patterns in broiler chicken flocks as automated measures of behaviour and gait. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 119 (3-4): 203-209.
  • Feddes JJR, Emmanuel EJ, Zuideft M J. 2002. Broiler performance, body weight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities. Poultry Science 81:774–779.
  • Grashorn M, Kutritz B. 1991. Der Einfluss der besatzdichte auf die leistung moderner broilerherkünfte. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 55: 84–90.
  • Jones RB. 1986. Tonic immobility reaction of the domestic fowl: A review. World‟s Poultry Science Journal 42:82-96.
  • Kestin SC, Knowles TG, Tinch AE, Gregory NG. 1992. Prevalence of leg weakness in broiler chickens and its relationship with genotype. Vet Record 131:190-194.
  • Mahmud A, Rafiullah S. Ali I. 2011. Effect of different light regimens on performance. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 21(1): 104-106.
  • Onbaşılar EE, Erol H, Cantekin Z, Kaya Ü. 2007. Influence of intermittent lighting on broiler performance, incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia, tonic immobility, some blood parameters and antibody production. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 20(4):550-555.
  • Puron, D, Santamaria R, Segavra, JC, Alamilla JL. 1995. Broiler performance at different stocking densities. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 4:55–60.
  • Rahimi G, Rezaei M, Hafezian H, Saiyahzadeh H. 2005. The effect of intermittent lighting schedule on broiler performance. International Journal of Poultry Science 4 (6): 396-398.
  • Scholtyssek S. Gschwindt-Ensinger B. 1983. Leistungsvermögen einschließlich befiederung und belastbarkeit von broilern bei unterschiedlicher besatzdichte in bodenhaltung. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 47: 3-8.
  • Shanawany MM. 1988. Broiler performance under high stocking densities. British Poultry Science 29, 43–52.
  • Sanotra GS, Lund JD, Vestergaard KS. 2002. Influence of light-dark schedules and stocking density on behaviour, risk of leg problems and occurrence of chronic fear in broilers. British Poultry Science 43: 344–354.
  • Škrbić Z, Pavlovski Z, Vitorović D, Lukić M, Petričević L, Milošević N. 2009a. The effects of stocking density and light program on tibia quality of broilers of different genotype. Archiva Zootechnica 12(3): 56-63.
  • Škrbić Z, Pavlovski Z, Lukić M, Perić L, Milošević N. 2009b. The effect of stocking density on certain broiler welfare parameters. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 25 (1-2): 11-21.
  • Sorensen P, Su G, Kestin SC. 1999. The effect of photoperiod: scoto period on leg weakness in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 78: 336-342
  • SPSS, 2009. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows. SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA.
  • Thaxton JP, Dozier WA, Branton SL, Morgan GW, Miles DW, Roush WB, Lott BD, Vizzier-Thaxton Y. 2006. Stocking density and physiological adaptive responses of broilers. Poultry Science 85:819–824.
  • Yang H, Xing H, Wang Z, Xia J, Wan Y, Hou B, Zhang J. 2015. Effects of intermittent lighting on broiler growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters and tibia parameters. Italian Journal of Animal Science 14(4): 684-689.
  • Zayan, R. 1985. Spacing patterns of laying hens kept at different densities in battery cages. Editör Zayan R. Social space for domestic animals. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. s.37-71.
Year 2017, , 45 - 51, 23.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.357146

Abstract

References

  • Anonim, 2007. European Union Council Directive 28 June 2007. 2007/ 43/EC. Laying down minimum rules for the protection of chickens kept for meat production. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32007L0043 (15 Ağustos 2017)
  • Bilgili SF, Hess JB. 1995. Placement density influences broiler carcass grade and meat yields. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 4:384–389.
  • Blokhuis HJ. 1983. The relevance of sleep in poultry. World’s Poultry Science Journal 39:333–337.
  • Buijs S, Keeling L, Rettenbacher S, Van Poucke E, Tuyttens FAM. 2009. Stocking density effects on broiler welfare: Identifying sensitive ranges for different indicators. Poultry Science 88:1536–1543.
  • Cravener TL, Roush WB, Mashaly MM. 1992. Broiler production under varying population density. Poultry Science 71: 427–433.
  • Dawkins MS, Lee HJ, Waitt CD, Roberts SJ. 2009. Optical flow patterns in broiler chicken flocks as automated measures of behaviour and gait. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 119 (3-4): 203-209.
  • Feddes JJR, Emmanuel EJ, Zuideft M J. 2002. Broiler performance, body weight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities. Poultry Science 81:774–779.
  • Grashorn M, Kutritz B. 1991. Der Einfluss der besatzdichte auf die leistung moderner broilerherkünfte. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 55: 84–90.
  • Jones RB. 1986. Tonic immobility reaction of the domestic fowl: A review. World‟s Poultry Science Journal 42:82-96.
  • Kestin SC, Knowles TG, Tinch AE, Gregory NG. 1992. Prevalence of leg weakness in broiler chickens and its relationship with genotype. Vet Record 131:190-194.
  • Mahmud A, Rafiullah S. Ali I. 2011. Effect of different light regimens on performance. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 21(1): 104-106.
  • Onbaşılar EE, Erol H, Cantekin Z, Kaya Ü. 2007. Influence of intermittent lighting on broiler performance, incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia, tonic immobility, some blood parameters and antibody production. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 20(4):550-555.
  • Puron, D, Santamaria R, Segavra, JC, Alamilla JL. 1995. Broiler performance at different stocking densities. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 4:55–60.
  • Rahimi G, Rezaei M, Hafezian H, Saiyahzadeh H. 2005. The effect of intermittent lighting schedule on broiler performance. International Journal of Poultry Science 4 (6): 396-398.
  • Scholtyssek S. Gschwindt-Ensinger B. 1983. Leistungsvermögen einschließlich befiederung und belastbarkeit von broilern bei unterschiedlicher besatzdichte in bodenhaltung. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 47: 3-8.
  • Shanawany MM. 1988. Broiler performance under high stocking densities. British Poultry Science 29, 43–52.
  • Sanotra GS, Lund JD, Vestergaard KS. 2002. Influence of light-dark schedules and stocking density on behaviour, risk of leg problems and occurrence of chronic fear in broilers. British Poultry Science 43: 344–354.
  • Škrbić Z, Pavlovski Z, Vitorović D, Lukić M, Petričević L, Milošević N. 2009a. The effects of stocking density and light program on tibia quality of broilers of different genotype. Archiva Zootechnica 12(3): 56-63.
  • Škrbić Z, Pavlovski Z, Lukić M, Perić L, Milošević N. 2009b. The effect of stocking density on certain broiler welfare parameters. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 25 (1-2): 11-21.
  • Sorensen P, Su G, Kestin SC. 1999. The effect of photoperiod: scoto period on leg weakness in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 78: 336-342
  • SPSS, 2009. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences 18.0 for Windows. SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA.
  • Thaxton JP, Dozier WA, Branton SL, Morgan GW, Miles DW, Roush WB, Lott BD, Vizzier-Thaxton Y. 2006. Stocking density and physiological adaptive responses of broilers. Poultry Science 85:819–824.
  • Yang H, Xing H, Wang Z, Xia J, Wan Y, Hou B, Zhang J. 2015. Effects of intermittent lighting on broiler growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters and tibia parameters. Italian Journal of Animal Science 14(4): 684-689.
  • Zayan, R. 1985. Spacing patterns of laying hens kept at different densities in battery cages. Editör Zayan R. Social space for domestic animals. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. s.37-71.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mustafa Akşit

İhsan Bülent Helva

Zeynep Kaçamaklı Yardım This is me

Publication Date November 23, 2017
Submission Date November 23, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017

Cite

APA Akşit, M., Helva, İ. B., & Kaçamaklı Yardım, Z. (2017). Etlik Piliçlerde Farklı Yerleşim Sıklığı ve Aydınlatma Uygulamalarının Verim ve Tibia Kemiği Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi. Journal of Animal Production, 58(2), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.357146


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