Kanatlı Kırmızı Akarı (Dermanyssus gallinae): Biyolojisi ve Etkileri

Year 2016, Volume: 57 Issue: 1, 63 - 72, 30.07.2016

Coşkun Konyalı , Türker Savaş

Abstract

Dermanyssus
gallinae, kanatlı kırmızı akarı ya da kısaca
kırmızı akar (KA), olumsuz etkileri itibariyle kanatlı yetiştiriciliğinde önemi
günden güne kavranan bir dış parazittir. Kan ile beslenen bu dış parazitin hayvanlarda
sağlık ve verim üzerine birçok etkisi bulunmaktadır. Söz konusu akarın hayvan
refahı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin yanında konunun halk sağlığı açısından da
ciddi bir boyutu bulunmaktadır. Avrupa başta olmak üzere dünya genelinde
varlığı bildirilen ve adı sıkça anılan bu parazite olan dikkat ülkemizde
nispeten azdır. Birçok ülkede prevalansına yönelik bildiriler olmakla birlikte
ülkemizde yaygınlığına dair çok az bildiri bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemenin
yazarlarının yaptıkları ve henüz yayınlanmamış olan çalışmanın verilerine göre
25 Ağustos- 30 Eylül tarihleri arasında Çanakkale il genelindeki köylerde,
kümeslerin %72,39'unda akar varlığının tespit edilmesi, söz konusu dış
parazitin ülkemizdeki tehlikesini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu derlemenin yazarlarının
yaptıkları ve henüz yayınlanmamış çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre ergin bir akarın
yaklaşık 0,203 µl kan emebildiği görülmüştür. Gerek hayvan sağlığı, gerekse
verime olan etkilerinin yanı sıra konunun halk sağlığı açısından da ele
alınması, bu konuya farkındalık yaratma bakımından önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, bu
derlemenin amacı kanatlı kırmızı akarının biyolojisi ve epidemiyolojisine
yönelik bilginin derlenerek, kanatlı yetiştiriciliğindeki etkilerinin ortaya
konmasıdır.

Keywords

Dermanyssus gallinae, kırmızı akar, dış parazit, kanatlı

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