Research Article

Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation

Volume: 53 Number: 1 January 1, 2025
TR EN

Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation

Abstract

In this study, we explore the utilization of black cumin pulps for the synthesis of activated carbon and its subsequent application in pharmaceutical soap formulation. Activated carbon was produced from black cumin pulps using a carbonization process followed by activation with a suitable activating agent. The synthesized activated carbon was characterized using various analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman analysis. The results revealed the successful production of activated carbon with desirable properties for pharmaceutical applications. Subsequently, the activated carbon was integrated into soap formulations, and the resulting pharmaceutical soaps were evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy and chemical properties. The soap formulations exhibited effective antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, including Candida albicans, while maintaining high skin compatibility. Moreover, the incorporation of activated carbon led to enhanced cleansing properties and biotherapeutic effects. Overall, this study highlights the potential of utilizing black cumin pulps for sustainable activated carbon production and their application in pharmaceutical soap development, contributing to both environmental and healthcare sectors

Keywords

Ethical Statement

No experimentation on human or animal subjects was involved in this study.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Central Research Laboratory Application, and Research Center staff M. Enes YELKOVAN and Dr. Abdullah ATILGAN for their assistance in SEM/EDX, FTIR, and RAMAN analyses.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Analytical Chemistry (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 1, 2025

Submission Date

April 21, 2024

Acceptance Date

August 26, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 53 Number: 1

APA
Shahbazova, B., Kaymak, S., Aydın, B., & Vural, N. (2025). Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 53(1), 65-75. https://doi.org/10.15671/hjbc.1471731
AMA
1.Shahbazova B, Kaymak S, Aydın B, Vural N. Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation. HJBC. 2025;53(1):65-75. doi:10.15671/hjbc.1471731
Chicago
Shahbazova, Basti, Sibel Kaymak, Betül Aydın, and Nilüfer Vural. 2025. “Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation”. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry 53 (1): 65-75. https://doi.org/10.15671/hjbc.1471731.
EndNote
Shahbazova B, Kaymak S, Aydın B, Vural N (January 1, 2025) Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry 53 1 65–75.
IEEE
[1]B. Shahbazova, S. Kaymak, B. Aydın, and N. Vural, “Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation”, HJBC, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 65–75, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.15671/hjbc.1471731.
ISNAD
Shahbazova, Basti - Kaymak, Sibel - Aydın, Betül - Vural, Nilüfer. “Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation”. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry 53/1 (January 1, 2025): 65-75. https://doi.org/10.15671/hjbc.1471731.
JAMA
1.Shahbazova B, Kaymak S, Aydın B, Vural N. Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation. HJBC. 2025;53:65–75.
MLA
Shahbazova, Basti, et al. “Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation”. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, vol. 53, no. 1, Jan. 2025, pp. 65-75, doi:10.15671/hjbc.1471731.
Vancouver
1.Basti Shahbazova, Sibel Kaymak, Betül Aydın, Nilüfer Vural. Black Cumin Pulp-Derived Activated Carbon: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmaceutical Soap Formulation. HJBC. 2025 Jan. 1;53(1):65-7. doi:10.15671/hjbc.1471731

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