An Investigation on Some Toxic Effects of Carbofuran on Daphnia magna Crustacea, Cladocera ​

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the median effective concentration EC50 of carbofuran, a carbamate pesticide, for Daphnia magna and to evaluate the effects on the heart rate. In the experiment, five neonates ≤ 24 hours were used for each negative control, solvent control acetone and the treatment groups. The treatment groups were exposed to five different concentrations 2.5 μg/L, 4.5 μg/L, 8.1 μg/L, 14.58 μg/L and 26.244 μg/L of carbofuran 98% for 48 hours. Immobilised daphnids were noted at the 24th and the 48th hour in both control and treatment groups. EC50 values were calculated by probit analysis as 33.814 μg/L and 3.451 μg/L for 24 and 48 h, respectively. At the end of the 48th h, all samples were observed by light micros- copy and the heart beats per minute bpm were counted by using a video camera. Heart rate was similar in negative and solvent control groups 444.8±24.12 and 458.4±34.14, respectively . In the treatment groups heart beats were noted as 498.4±17.43, 183.8±103.83, 441.6±35.73, 293.8±101.09 and 442.4±32.94 for 2.5, 4.5, 8.1, 14.58 and 26.244 μg/L, respectively. These results show that carbofuran caused immobilisation and decreased heart rate in D. magna. However, heart occured independently of carbofuran concentration gradient.

Keywords

• pesticide,carbofuran,Daphnia magna,EC50,heart rate

Karbofuran’ın Daphnia magna Crustacea, Cladocera Üzerindeki Bazı Toksik Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

B u çalışmada karbamatlı bir pestisit olan karbofuran’ın Daphnia magna için EC50 değerinin bulunması ve kalp atım sayısı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemede negatif kontrol, çözücü kontrol aseton ve uygulama grupları için beşer daphnid 24 saatlikten küçük kullanılmıştır. Uygulama grupları karbofuran’ın % 98 saflıkta beş farklı derişimine 2.5 µg/L, 4.5 µg/L, 8.1 µg/L, 14.58 µg/L ve 26.24 µg/L 48 saat boyunca maruz bırakılmıştır. Tüm gruplarda 24. ve 48. saatlerde hareketsiz bireyler kaydedilmiş ve probit analiz yöntemi ile EC değerleri sırasıyla 33.814 µg/L ve 3.451 µg/L olarak hesaplanmıştır. 48 saat sonunda, tüm örnekler ışık mikroskobu ile incelenmiş ve bir dakikadaki kalp atım sayıları video kamera ile kaydedilerek belirlenmiştir. Kalp atım sayıları negatif kontrol grubunda 444.8±24.12; çözücü uygulanan kontrol grubunda ise 458.4±34.14 olarak birbirine yakın değerlerdedir. Deneme gruplarında bu sayılar artan derişimine göre sırasıyla 2.5 µg/L için 498.4±17,43; 4.5 µg/L için 183.8±103.83; 8,1 µg/L için 441.6±35.73; 14.58 µg/L için 293.8±101.09 ve 26.244 µg/L için 442.4±32.94 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Buna göre karbofuran, D. magna neonatlarında hareketsizliğe ve kalp atım sayılarında azalmaya sebep olmuştur; ancak bu azalma derişim artışı ile paralellik göstermemektedir

Keywords

• Pestisit,karbofuran,Daphnia magna,EC,kalp atım sayısı

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