The Influence of The Biopsy Procedure on The Quality of a Three-Dimensional Reconstructed Artificial Tissue

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the initial biopsy harvest procedure on the quality of the final reconstructed tissue. For this purpose, two full-thickness human oral mucosa models were reconstructed by tissue engineering from epithelial cells and fibroblasts obtained via punch or laser biopsy procedures and they were analyzed by using histology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the oral mucosa model reconstructed by using punch biopsy mimicked very closely the native oral mucosa both morphologically and histologically; on the other hand, laser biopsy resulted in an artificial oral mucosa with less desirable properties.

Keywords

• tissue engineering,oral mucosa,biomaterials,biopsy method

Biyopsi Yönteminin Geliştirilen Üç Boyutlu Yapay Dokunun Kalitesine Olan Etkisi

Abstract

B u çalışmanın amacı, biyopsi yönteminin oluşturulan yapay dokunun kalitesine olan etkisini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, lazer veya punch biyopsi yöntemleri kullanılarak elde edilen epitel ve fibroblast hücreleri ile iki tam kalınlıkta, üç boyutlu, yapay ağız mukozası modeli oluşturulmuştur. Sonrasında, bu modeller histoloji, immünohistokimya ve geçirimli elektron mikroskopisi kullanılarak incelenmişlerdir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, punch biyopsisi kullanılarak geliştirilen yapay ağız mukozasının morfolojik ve histolojik olarak doğalına çok benzediğini, fakat lazer biyopsisi kullanılarak elde edilen yapay mukozanın, doğal mukozadan farklı olarak istenmeyen bazı özellikler taşıdığını göstermiştir

Keywords

• Doku mühendisliği,ağız mukozası,biyomalzemeler,biyopsi yöntemi

References

1. 1. R. Langer, J.P. Vacanti, Tissue engineering, Science, 260 (1993) 920-926.
2. 2. B. Kinikoglu, O. Damour, V. Hasirci, Tissue engineering of oral mucosa: a shared concept with skin, J. Artif. Organs, 18 (2015) 8-19.
3. 3. C.J. Koh, A. Atala, Tissue engineering, stem cells, and cloning: opportunities for regenerative medicine, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 15 (2004) 1113-1125.
4. 4. B. Kinikoglu, C. Auxenfans, P. Pierrillas, V. Justin, P. Breton, C. Burillon, et al., Reconstruction of a full-thickness collagen-based human oral mucosal equivalent, Biomaterials, 30 (2009) 6418-6425.
5. 5. S.E. Feinberg, T.L. Aghaloo, L.L. Cunningham Jr., Role of tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction: findings of the 2005 AAOMS Research Summit, J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg., 63 (2005) 1418–1425.
6. 6. X. Xiong, Y. Zhao, W. Zhang, W. Xie, S. He, In vitro engineering of a palatal mucosa equivalent with acellular porcine dermal matrix, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, 86 (2008) 544–551.
7. 7. W.M. Tra, J.W. van Neck, S.E. Hovius, G.J. van Osch, S. Perez-Amodio, Characterization of a threedimensional mucosal equivalent: similarities and differences with native oral mucosa, Cells Tissues Organs, 195 (2012) 185–196.
8. 8. M. Alaminos, I. Garzon, M.C. Sanchez-Quevedo, G. Moreu, M. Gonzalez-Andrades, A. Fernandez-Montoya, et al., Timecourse study of histological and genetic patterns of differentiation in human engineered oral mucosa, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med., 1 (2007) 350–359.

9. 9. K.H. Cho, H.T. Ahn, K.C. Park, J.H. Chung, S.W. Kim, M.W. Sung, et al., Reconstruction of human hardpalate mucosal epithelium on deepidermized dermis, J. Dermatol. Sci., 22 (2000) 117–124.
10. 10. R. Ophof, R.E. van Rheden, J.W. Von den Hoffa, J. Schalkwijk, A.M. Kuijpers-Jagtman, Oral keratinocytes cultured on dermal matrices form a mucosa-like tissue, Biomaterials, 23 (2002) 3741-3748.
11. 11. T. Iida, Y. Takami, R. Yamaguchi, S. Shimazaki, K. Harii, Development of a tissue-engineered human oral mucosa equivalent based on an acellular allogeneic dermal matrix: a preliminary report of clinical application to burn wounds, Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. Hand Surg., 39 (2005) 138–146.
12. 12. R.H. Bustos, E. Suesca, D. Millan, J.M. Gonzalez, M.R. Fontanilla, Real-time quantification of proteins secreted by artificial connective tissue made from uni- or multidirectional collagen I scaffolds and oral mucosa fibroblasts, Anal. Chem., 86 (2014) 2421– 2428.
13. 13. I. Pena, L.M. Junquera, A. Meana, E. Garcia, V. Garcia, J.C. De Vicente, In vitro engineering of complete autologous oral mucosa equivalents: characterization of a novel scaffold, J. Periodontal. Res., 45 (2010) 375–380.
14. 14. S. San Martin, M. Alaminos, T.M. Zorn, M.C. SanchezQuevedo, I. Garzon, I.A. Rodriguez, et al., The effects of fibrin and fibrinagarose on the extracellular matrix profile of bioengineered oral mucosa, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med., 7 (2013) 10-19.
15. 15. C. Collombel, O. Damour, C. Gagnieu, J. Marichy, F. Poinsignon, Biomaterials with a base of collagen, chitosan and glycosaminoglycans; process for preparing them and their application in human medicine, French patent 8708252, 1987. European patent 884101948, 1988. US patent PCT/FR/8800303, 1989.
16. 16. T.A. Winning, G.C. Townsend, Oral mucosal embryology and histology, Clin. Dermatol., 18 (2000) 499–511.
17. 17. F. Sahuc, K. Nakazawa, F. Berthod, C. Collombel, O. Damour, Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions regulate gene expression of type VII collagen and kalinin in keratinocytes and dermal–epidermal junction formation in a skin equivalent model, Wound Repair Regen., 4 (1996) 93–102.
18. 18. C.M. Niessen, Tight junctions/adherens junctions: basic structure and function, J. Invest. Dermatol., 127 (2007) 2525–2532.