Plasma fractionation: conventional and chromatographic methods for albumin purification

Year 2011, Volume: 39 Issue: 4, 315 - 341, 01.12.2011

Adil Denizli

Abstract

Plasma fractionation is the first process for large scale protein purification developed about 60 years ago by Cohn and co-workers. Currently therapeutically important proteins are human serum albumin HSA , immunoglobulin G IgG , coagulation factor VIII and protease inhibitors. HSA is one of the most abundant proteins in plasma and, together with IgGs, constitutes 80% of all plasma proteins. According to the data, HSA represented approximately 50% of all sales of therapeutic plasma protein products. The purification of HSA is generally required for the treatment of hypoproteinemia and heavy loss of blood, requires relatively high purity for medical use. HSA also used for therapeutic purposes such as shock, burns, hypoalbuminemia, surgery, trauma, cardiopulmonary bypass, the acute respiratory distress syndrome, hemodialysis, acute nephrosis, hyperbilirubinemia, acute liver failure, acites, and sequestration of protein-rich fluids in acute peritonitis, pancreatitis, mediastinitis and extensive cellulites.

Keywords

Albumin, plasma fractionation, Affinity chromatography, plasma proteins

Plazma Fraksiyonlanması: Albumin Saflaştırılması için Geleneksel ve Kromatografik Yöntemler

Abstract

P lazma ayırma fraksiyonlama 60 yıl önce Cohn ve çalışma arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilmiş olan büyük ölçekli protein saflaştırılmasında ilk basamaktır. Son yılların tedavi amaçlı kullanılan önemli proteinleri insan serum albumini HSA , immunoglobulin G IgG , pıhtılaşma faktörü VIII ve proteaz inhibitörleridir. HSA plazmada en çok bulunan proteindir ve IgG ile tüm plazma proteinlerinin %80’ini oluşturur. Elde edilen verilere göre albumin plazma protein ürünlerinin yaklaşık %50’sini oluşturmaktadır. HSA saflaştırılması genel olarak, tıbbi kullanım için nispeten yüksek saflık gerektiren hipoproteinemi ve ciddi kan kaybı tedavilerinde gerekli olmaktadır. HSA ayrıca, şok, yanma, hipoalbuminemi, cerrahi, travma, kardiyopulmoner bypass, akut solunum yetmezliği, hemodiyaliz, akut nefroz, hiperbilirübinemi, akut karaciğer yetmezliği, karında sıvı birikmesi ve akut peritonit, pankreatit, mediastinit ve ekstansif selülitde proteince zengin sıvıların ayrılması gibi tedavi amaçlı kullanılmaktadır

Keywords

Albumin, plazma ayırma, affinite kromatografisi, plazma proteinleri

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