Surface Modifications of Cationic Polyamidoamine PAMAM Dendrimers

Year 2014, Volume: 42 Issue: 4, 485 - 497, 01.11.2014

Parisa Golshaei Negar Taghavi Pourianazar

Abstract

PAMAM dendrimers are a new class of macromolecular polymers, with a highly branched three-dimensional structure that provides a high degree of surface functionality and versatility. These nanospherical polymers possess exclusive properties which make them potential carriers for drug and gene delivery. PAMAM dendrimers allow the precise control of size, shape and placement of functional groups that is desirable for many life science applications. However, positive charge at the surface renders cytotoxicity to the cationic PAMAM dendrimers, which limits their clinical usefulness. Modification of dendrimer surface groups is one of the methods available in order to reduce the toxicity and improve their biocompatibility. In this review, firstly a brief description is provided about the characteristics and structure of PAMAM dendrimers. Then, various modification routes with the aim of decreasing the cytotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers are presented and discussed.

Keywords

PAMAM dendrimer, Surface modification, PEGylation, Acetylation

Katyonik Poliamidoamin PAMAM Dendrimerlerin Yüzey Modifikasyonları

Abstract

P AMAM dendrimerler, makromoleküler polimelerin yeni bir sınıfı olarak, çok dallı ve üç boyutlu yapıları aracılığıyla yüksek derecede yüzey fonksiyonelliği ve çok yönlülük sağlar. Bu nanoküresel polimerler, kendilerini ilaç taşıma ve gen aktarımı için potansiyel hale getiren seçkin özelliklere sahiptir. PAMAM dendrimerlerin, fonksiyonel grupların boyutu, şekli ve yerleşimi konusunda kesin kontrol sağlaması, birçok yaşam bilim uygulamaları tarafından kullanımlarının istenmesine neden olmuştur. Fakat, yüzeylerindeki pozitif yük, katyonik PAMAM dendrimerlere sitotoksite vererek, klinik kullanımlarını sınırlandırmaktadır. Dendrimer yüzey gruplarının modifikasyonu, toksisiteyi azaltmak ve biyouyumluluğu geliştirmek amacıyla uygulanan mevcut yöntemlerden biridir. Bu derlemede ilk olarak PAMAM dendrimerlerin özellikleri ve yapısı hakkında kısa bir açıklama sağlanmıştır. Daha sonrasında ise PAMAM dendrimerlerin sitotoksisitesini azaltılmak amaçlı çeşitli modifikasyon yöntemleri sunulmuş ve tartışılmıştır

Keywords

PAMAM dendrimer, Yüzey modifikasyonu, PEGilasyon, Asetilasyon

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