New Chromosome Numbers and Karyotype Analysis of Tordylium (Apiaceae) Species with Emphasis on Their Systematics and Evolutionary Significance

Year 2022, Volume: 50 Issue: 2, 99 - 112, 28.02.2022

Nihal Gömürgen , Aslı Doğru Koca , Edibe Özmen Baysal , Cahit Doğan , Haşim Altınözlü

https://doi.org/10.15671/hjbc.898159

Abstract

In Turkey, there are eighteen Tordylium (Apiaceae) species out of twenty in the worldwide and seven of them are endemic. In this research, karyotypes of T. apulum, T. pestalozzae, T. syriacum, T. trachycarpum and karyotypes and chromosome numbers of T. cappadocicum, T. aegaeum, T. hasselquistiae, T. ketenoglui (endemic), T. macropetalum (endemic), T. pustulosum (endemic) are provided for the first time. Tordylium species were separated into five cytotypes according to chromosome numbers as 2n=8, 16, 18, 20 and 22. Besides, idiograms of haploid chromosome set, length of the chromosome arms, arm ratios, centromeric index, relative length and haploid karyotype formulas are given. T. ketenoglui has longest chromosome lengths (3,39–1,66 µm) while T. aegaeum has shortest (1,10–0,59 µm). Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed by quantitified karyological characters. PCA results showed that the median type and haploid chromosome length have significant variants among karyological characters. Also, it is discussed correlation among karyological data, current infrageneric classification and the phylogenetic hypothesis based morphological dataset of Tordylium. Karyological characters are incompatible with current infrageneric classification, similarly with conflict between the phylogenetic hypothesis and infrageneric classification. In the light of the phylogeny, it can be said that the ancestral number is 2n=16.

Keywords

cytotypes, karyotype evolution, principal component analysis, Tordyliinae

Supporting Institution

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

Grant no. 09D05601005

Thanks

This work was supported by the Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Grant no. 09D05601005).

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