Türk Akademiyasında Ekoeleştiri Çalışmaları Üzerine Kapsamlı bir Araştırma

Year 2022, , 212 - 226, 30.06.2022

Cenk Tan

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.904890

Abstract

Ekoeleştiri kuramı ve buna bağlı çalışmalar Türk akademiyasında 1990’lı yılların sonunda, öncü akademisyenler Ufuk Özdağ ve Serpil Oppermann tarafından çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Beşerî bilimler alanındaki araştırmacılar arasında popülerlik kazanması ise 2000’li yıllara dayanmaktadır. Doğa temalı edebiyat araştırmaları her ne kadar Türk akademiyasında daha eski yıllara dayanıyor olsa da, ekoeleştiri alanında geniş kapsamda tür ve konular üzerine yayınlar gerçekleşmesi doğa ve insan ilişkilerine yeni bir bakış getirerek değişim yaratmıştır. Bu makale, Türk akademiyasında son yirmi yılda ortaya konan ekoeleştiri çalışmalarına yönelik kapsamlı bir araştırma sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın hedefi Türk ekoeleştiri araştırmalarını iki ana başlık altında mercek altına almaktır: yayımlanmış kitaplar/makaleler ve yayımlanmamış tezler. Çalışmanın nihai amacı uluslararası araştırmacılara Türk ekoeleştiri çalışmalarını tanıtmak, ekoeleştiri alanında en az ve en çok çalışılmış alt alanları tespit etmek ve gelecek dönemlerde bu alanda çalışacak Türk akademisyenler için bir çerçeve oluşturabilmektir. Bu bağlamda, makalenin beşerî bilimlerde araştırmalarını sürdüren ve gelecekte ekoeleştiri alanında çalışmalar yürütecek Türk akademisyenler için bir rehber niteliği taşıması hedeflenmektedir.

Keywords

Ekoeleştiri, Türk akademiyası, ekoeleştiri kitapları, ekoeleştiri makaleleri, ekoeleştiri tezleri

A Comprehensive Survey of Ecocritical Studies in Turkish Academia

Abstract

Ecocritical theory began to be studied in Turkish academia during the late 1990s by pioneer scholars, Ufuk Özdağ and Serpil Oppermann. However, it was after 2000 that ecocritical studies started to gain popularity among Turkish scholars of the humanities. Although nature-oriented research dates back to earlier times in Turkish academia, research on a wide variety of genres and issues within the scope of ecocriticism created change by a re-evaluation of nature and human relationships. This research aims to provide a comprehensive survey of ecocritical studies of the last two decades, and explore Turkish ecocritical scholarship under two major headings: published books/articles, and unpublished dissertations. The ultimate purpose of this research is to introduce Turkish ecocritical studies to international scholars, to determine the least and most scrutinised ecocritical subfields, and to establish a framework for Turkish researchers of ecocritical theory. This article also strives to become a guide for future Turkish scholars of the humanities who are just stepping into ecocritical theory.

Keywords

Ecocriticism, Turkish academia, ecocritical books, ecocritical articles, ecocritical dissertations

References

• Ağın, B. (2018). Animated film as an eloquent body: Seth Boyden’s An Object at Rest as mattertext. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(1/2), 27-46. doi:10.18026/cbayarsos.424052
• Ağın Dönmez, B. (2015). Posthuman ecologies in twenty-first century short animations (Doctoral dissertation) Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/3615
• Ağır, B. (2018). Ecocentric poetry of Gary Snyder and W. S. Merwin (Doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir, Turkey. Retrieved from https://acikerisim.ege.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11454/68947
• Ağır, B. (2020). Intertwined destinies: Colonization of indigenious peoples and environment in V.S. Naipaul’s In a Free State. International Journal of Human Studies, 3(6), 300-310. doi:10.35235/uicd.779600
• Akıllı, S. (2018). “Sur ve Bağla”: İngiliz romanındaki atlara insansonrası gözlerle bakmak. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 58(1), 931-954. doi:10.33171/dtcfjournal.2018.58.1.43
• Akıllı, S. (2020). Henry Rider Haggard’s posthumanist ecoconsciousness. E-REA, E-Revue Électronique d'études Anglophones, 18(1), 1-11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4000/erea.11058
• Akıllı, S., and Oppermann, S. (Eds.). (2020). Turkish ecocriticism: From neolithic to contemporary timescapes. Lexington Books.
• Akkoyun, B. K. (2020). Urban encounters with nature and the search for equality in the webs of the city: Tropic of Orange by Karen Tei Yamashita. Journal of Narrative and Language Studies, 8(15), 244-254. Retrieved from https://nalans.com/nalans/article/view/267/170
• Aksoy, Ö. (2014). Oktay Rıfat’ın şiirlerinde doğa farkındalığı: Çevreci eleştiri ışığında bir okuma (Master's thesis). Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/1429
• Akyol, Ö. (2019). Ecological heterotopias in Neil Gaiman's Neverwhere and China Mieville's Perdido Street Station (Doctoral dissertation). Pamukkale University, Denizli. Retrieved from http://acikerisim.pau.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11499/3480
• Altındağ, Z. (2019). Ecocentric polyphony: The subversion of dualistic thinking in Dylan Thomas's Poetry (Doctoral dissertation). METU, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12622944/index.pdf
• Artukarslan, A. B. (2019). An ecopoetic inquiry into Emily Dickinson's Dwelling Earthward (Master's thesis). Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey.
• Aykanat, F. (2018). The British climate change fiction in the age of the anthropocene: Ecocritical readings of J.G. Ballard's The Drowned World, Maggie Gee's The Ice People and Ian Mcewan's Solar (Doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/5029
• Batur, P., and Özdağ, U. (2019). Novelist as eco-shaman: Buket Uzuner’s Water (Su) as requesting spirits to help the earth in crisis. In S. Slovic, S. Rangarajan, & V. Sarvesvaran (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Ecocriticism and Environmental Communication (pp. 326-338). New York: Routledge.
• Bülbül, A. E. (2015). Greener: On ecocinema theory. Sinecine: Journal of Film Studies, 6(2), 7-25. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/671320
• Çetin, Ö. (2012). Reflections of nature in the First World War narratives: An ecocritical approach (Doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
• Demir, S. (2011). Ecofeminist themes in American women's novels (Master's thesis). Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
• El, E. (2019). Slow violence in contemporary American environmental literature: Richard Powers's Gain, Ann Pancake's Strange As This Weather Has Been, and John Grisham's Gray Mountain (Doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/22203
• El, E. (2020) Slow Violence in Contemporary American Environmental Literature. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Eren, M. E. (2019). American radical environmental fiction: Deep ecology and eco-defense in Edward Abbey’s The Monkey Wrench Gang, Paul Chadwick’s Concrete: Think like a Mountain, and T.C. Boyle’s A Friend of the Earth (Master's thesis). Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/7927
• Ergin, M. (2017). The ecopoetics of entanglement in contemporary Turkish and American literatures. Palgrave Macmillan.
• Ergin, M. (2020). Ecocriticism in Turkey. Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment, 11(2), 52-58. doi:10.37536/ecozona.2020.11.2.3489
• Ergin, M., and Dolcerocca, Ö. N. (2016). Edebiyata ekoeleştirel yaklaşımlar: Ekoşiir ve Elif Sofya. Selçuk University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 0(36), 297-297. doi:10.21497/sefad.285241
• Fortuny, K. (2019). Animals and the environment in Turkish culture: Ecocriticism and transnational Literature. Bloomsbury Publishing.
• Gaard, G., Estok, S. C., and Oppermann, S. (Eds.). (2013). International perspectives in feminist ecocriticism. Routledge.
• Göçmen, G. (2017). Ecological interactions: The Sense of Place in E. M. Forster's Howards end, D. H. Lawrence's The Rainbow, and Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway (Doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/3207
• Gökçek, A. (2020). An ecocritical approach to the concept of pollution in British poetry from romantic poetry to contemporary poetry (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
• Güngör, T. Ö. (2013). Ecocritical study of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, Charles Dickens's Hard Times and Graham Swift's Waterland (Doctoral dissertation). Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
• Güngör, T. Ö. (2020). Vengeance of nonhuman beings: An ecocritical reading of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s work, “The rime of the ancient mariner”. International Journal of Social, Political and Economic Research, 7(2), 359-371. doi:10.46291/ijospervol7iss2pp359-371
• Güzel, G. (2020). Halil Babür’ün “Kasap” adlı yyununun ekofeminist bakış açısıyla incelenmesi. Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, (31), 83-105. doi:10.26650/jtcd.793215
• Hamzaçebi, E. (2017). The literary representation of the non-human: An ecocritical approach to Yere Düşen Dualar and Yeryüzü Halleri̇ (Master's thesis). Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey.
• Iovino, S., and Oppermann, S. (2014). Material ecocriticism. Indiana University Press.
• İnan, D., and Boldan, M. N. (2018). An ecocritical reading of Ted Hughes's "Hawk Roosting". Balıkesir University The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 21(40), 53-62. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/589135
• Oppermann, S. (1999). Ecocriticism: Natural world in the literary viewfinder. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 16(2), 29-46. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/596975
• Oppermann, S. (2008). Seeking environmental awareness in postmodern fictions. Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 49(3), 243-253. doi:10.3200/crit.49.3.243-254.
• Oppermann, S. (2010). The Rhizomatic trajectory of Ecocriticism. Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment, 1(1), 17-21. doi:10.37536/ecozona.2010.1.1.314
• Oppermann, S., Özdağ, U., Özkan, N. and Slovic, S. (2011). A roundtable discussion on ecocriticism. In S. Oppermann, U. Özdağ, N. Özkan, & S. Slovic (Eds.), The Future of Ecocriticism: New Horizons (pp. 459-479). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 459-479.
• Oppermann, S. (Ed.). (2012). Ekoeleştiri: Çevre ve edebiyat. Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
• Oppermann, S. (Ed.). (2015). New international voices in ecocriticism. Lexington Books.
• Özdağ, U. (1999). Sacred earth at last: Ecocritical considerations at the end of the millennium. The Journal of American Culture and Literature – The Millennium Special Issue. 39-47.
• Özdağ, U. (2003). Ecocriticism through ecotheology: ‘A White Heron’ reconsidered. In H. Bak & W. W. Holbling (Eds.), Nature’s Nation’ Revisited: American Concepts of Nature From Wonder to Ecological Crisis (pp. 294-305). Amsterdam: VU University Press.
• Özdağ, U. (2005). The turning of the tide: The evolution of ethics and contemporary moral considerations regarding nonhuman entities in American literature. Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 22(2), 135-149. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/615851
• Özdağ, U. (2009). An essay on ecocriticism in “the Century of Restoring the Earth”. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, (30), 125-142. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/996818
• Özdağ, U., and Slovic, S. (2009). Guest Editors’ introduction: Ecocriticism and a conservationist manifesto. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, (30), 1-8. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jast/issue/52946/700131
• Özdağ, U. (2011). Keeping alive the memory of the Amik: Environmental aesthetics and land restoration. In S. Oppermann, U. Özdağ, N. Özkan, & S. Slovic (Eds.), The Future of Ecocriticism: New Horizons (pp. 118-135). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Özdağ, U. (2013). For the health of the sea: In search of an expansive ‘Land Ethic’ in Turkish maritime literature. ISLE-Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment, 20(1), 5-30.
• Özdağ, U. and Alpaslan, G. (2011). Türkiyat Araştırmalarında Yeni Bir Alan: Çevreci Eleştiri. In 3. Uluslararası Türkiyat Araştırmaları Sempozyumu Bildirileri (pp. 641-651). Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Yayınları.
• Özdağ, U. (2014). Çevreci eleştiriye giriş: Doğa, kültür, edebiyat. Ankara: Ürün Yayınları.
• Özdağ, U. (2019). ‘Evrim Orkestrasının Trompeti’ turnalar: Bir restorasyon çevreci eleştiri uygulaması [Cranes Are the ‘Trompets in the Orchesra of Evolution’: A Restoration Ecocriticism Approch]. In U. Özdağ & G. Gökalp Alpaslan (Eds.), Anadolu Turnaları: Biyoloji, Kültür, Koruma (pp. 137-149). Ürün Yayınları.
• Özdemir, H., and Aydemir, D. (2019). Ekolojik yaklaşımlı feminizm/ekofeminizm üzerine genel bir değerlendirme: Kavramsal analizi, tarihi süreci ve türleri. Akdeniz Kadın Çalışmaları ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Dergisi, (2), 261-278. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/866481
• Sabriye İkiz, S., and Tan, C. (2021). A theatre of the anthropocene: Depictions of capitalocene in Caryl Churchill’s Plays. The Journal of Academic Social Sciences, 119(119), 113-125. doi:10.29228/asos.51683
• Saydam, C. and Özdağ, U. (2020). The Traces of Gaia in the Gavilan: Reconsiderations for a planetary land ethic in the encounter of an ecocritic and an environmental scientist. Molesto: Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 178-202. doi: 10.33406/molesto.670249
• Şen, A. (2016). Ecocrticism in popular cinema: “Avatar” and “Hunger Hames” (Doctoral dissertation). Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey.
• Şen, A. (2018). Ecological justice and ecocriticism in science fiction cinema. Ilef Journal, 5(1), 31-59. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/484344
• Şenel, N. (2015). An ecofeminist reading on Margaret Atwood's the Handmaid's Tale and Starhawk's the Fifth Sacred Thing (Master's thesis). Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
• Şensoy, A. (2019). Eco-Bakhtinian explorations in Anglo-native selected novels (Doctoral dissertation). Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. Retrieved from http://acikerisim.pau.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11499/28607
• Tan, C. (2019). An ecocritical study of J.G. Ballard's climate fiction novels (Doctoral dissertation). Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. Retrieved from http://acikerisim.pau.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11499/27184
• Temel, Ö. P. (2010). Ekoeleştiri kuramı ışığında Stefano Benni’nin “Margherita Dolcevita” ve “Terra!” adlı eserlerinde vurguladığı doğa öğesi ve yazarın çevreci düşünceleri (Master's thesis). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
• Toska, S. (2013). Analysis of ecology and environment concepts in the context of ecocritical and capitalistic discourses. Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2), 219-233.
• Yeğin, H. K. (2019). "Winter has got no King": An Ecocritical Analysis of George R.R. Martin’s A song of Ice and Fire (Master's thesis, Ibn Haldun University, İstanbul, Turkey). Retrieved from http://openaccess.ihu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12154/1076