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COVID-19 Sürecinde Kendilik Teknolojileri Üzerine Videokonferans Tekniği ile Dijital Araştırma Yapmak

Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 634 - 653, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1076497

Abstract

Dijital sosyolojinin sunduğu metodolojik yaklaşım ve yöntemler, bilişim teknolojilerine erişimin ve kullanım becerilerinin toplumsallaşma açısından önemini vurgular niteliktedir. Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisiyle ortaya çıkan ¨fiziki/sosyal mesafe¨ kuralı ile yüz yüze iletişimin sınırlanması, sosyal ilişkilerin çeşitli bilişim ve iletişim teknoloji araçları üzerinden sürdürülmesini zorunlu kıldığı gibi akademik araştırmalar için de dijital sosyolojinin yöntemsel yaklaşımlarını gündeme taşımıştır. Bu makaleye konu olan doktora araştırması kapsamında, yorumcu/inşacı yaklaşımla, kendilik teknolojileri olarak tavsiye algoritmalarının çevrimiçi içerik platformları üzerinden nasıl çalıştığına odaklanılmış ve COVID-19 pandemisinde 12 katılımcı ile videokonferans tekniği kullanılarak görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Videokonferans tekniği yüz-yüze derinlemesine görüşmeye alternatif bir teknik olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada videokonferans tekniğinin; araştırma konusu ve sorusu, araştırma sahası, araştırmacının rolü ve etiği, araştırmanın katılımcıları, öncekinden farklı yeniden normale dönüşte iletişim şekli, güven ve samimiyet, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik ve etik, kimlik doğrulama ve ses kaydı olmak üzere dokuz tema açısından avantajları ve kısıtlılıkları değerlendirilmiştir. COVID-19 pandemisi gibi kriz süreçlerinde araştırmanın katılımcıları tarafından belirlenen zaman ve ortamda, yüz yüze aynı mekanda fiziksel olarak bir araya gelme ihtiyacı olmadan görüşme imkânı sunması ve belirlenen araştırma konusu ve sahası itibariyle katılımcıların sosyo-ekonomik düzeyinin orta-üst ve dijital beceri seviyesinin de benzer bir seviyede olması, videokonferans tekniğinin bu araştırmada kullanımı açısından öne çıkan avantajlarını oluşturmuştur. Diğer yandan, mahremiyet gerektiren araştırma konularında veri güvenliğinin de dikkate alınmasını gerektiren araştırma konularında, toplum içindeki dijital bölünme nedeniyle farklı kesimlerin bu dijital araç ve hizmetlere eşitsiz erişimi olması ve kısıtlı bilişim ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanım becerilerine sahip olmaları durumunda bu tekniğin kısıtlılıkları ortaya çıkmaktadır.

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  • Deutrom, J., Katos, V., & Ali, R. (2021). Loneliness, life satisfaction, problematic internet use and security behaviours: re-examining the relationships when working from home during COVID-19. Behaviour and Information Technology, 0(0), 1–15.
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  • Hesse-Biber, S., & Griffin, A. J. (2013). Internet-Mediated Technologies and Mixed Methods Research: Problems and Prospects. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 7(1), 43–61.
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  • Jenner, B. M., & Myers, K. C. (2019). Intimacy, rapport, and exceptional disclosure: a comparison of in-person and mediated interview contexts. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 22(2), 165–177.
  • Johnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2021). Beyond the In-Person Interview? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review, 39(6), 1142–1158.
  • Karakaş, M. (2020). Covid-19 Salgınının Çok Boyutlu Sosyolojisi ve Yeni Normal Meselesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Dergisi, 40(1), 541–573.
  • Kasapoglu, A., & Akbal, A. (2020). Relational Sociological Analysis of Uncertainties: The case of COVID-19 In Turkey. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(4), 197–228.
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Conducting a Digital Research on Technologies of the Self with Videoconferencing Technique During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 634 - 653, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1076497

Abstract

The methodological approaches and methods offered by digital sociology emphasize the importance of accessing and using information technologies in terms of socialization. The limitation of face-to-face communication with the 'social distance' rule that emerged with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the whole world, has made it necessary to maintain social relations through various information and communication technology tools and has brought digital sociology methods to the agenda for academic research. In this study as a part of doctoral research, which is focused on how recommendation algorithms work as technologies of self through online content streaming platforms, 12 interviews were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Videoconferencing technique is used as an alternative to face-to-face interviews. The opportunities and limitations of videoconferencing are evaluated in terms of the research subject, research field, the role of the researcher and ethics, participants of the research, new communication style, rapport, validity and reliability and ethics, identity verification, and voice recording. In times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, videoconferencing technique provides the opportunity to meet at the time and environment determined by the participants, without the need to meet face to face and to come together physically in the same place. In terms of the research topic and field this technique also constitutes an advantage due to the middle-upper socio-economic level of the participants and the digital skill level at a similar level. On the other hand, the limitations of this technique arise in research subjects that require privacy that also require data security to be taken into account, when different segments have unequal access to these digital tools and services due to the digital divide in society. Moreover, limited information and communication technologies usage skills of the participant may also affect the decision of using videoconferencing technique in a research.

References

  • Adams-Hutcheson, G., & Longhurst, R. (2017). ‘At least in person there would have been a cup of tea’: interviewing via Skype. Area, 49(2), 148–155.
  • Ansberry, C. (2020). Zoom Reconnects Family and Friends in the Coronavirus Pandemic—but Will It Last. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/zoom-reconnects-family-and-friends-in-the-coronavirus-pandemicbut-will-it-last-11595379600 adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Archibald, M. M., Ambagtsheer, R. C., Casey, M. G., & Lawless, M. (2019). Using Zoom Videoconferencing for Qualitative Data Collection: Perceptions and Experiences of Researchers and Participants. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18, 1–8.
  • Baltacı, A. (2019). Nitel Araştırma Süreci: Nitel Bir Araştırma Nasıl Yapılır? Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 426–438.
  • Browne, K. (2005). Snowball sampling: Using social networks to research non-heterosexual women. International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory and Practice, 8(1), 47–60.
  • Buchanan, E. A. & Zimmer, M. Internet Research Ethics. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (Yay. haz.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2021/entries/ethics-internet-research adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Castells, M. (2013). Ağ toplumunun yükselişi. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi.
  • Creswell, J.M. (2013). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni. (M, Bütün, S. B. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Collins, C. S., & Stockton, C. M. (2018). The Central Role of Theory in Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 1–10.
  • Cunningham, S., & Scarlata, A. (2020). New forms of internationalisation? The impact of Netflix in Australia. Media International Australia, 177(1), 149–164.
  • Deakin, H., & Wakefield, K. (2014). Skype interviewing: reflections of two PhD researchers. Qualitative Research, 14(5), 603–616.
  • Deutrom, J., Katos, V., & Ali, R. (2021). Loneliness, life satisfaction, problematic internet use and security behaviours: re-examining the relationships when working from home during COVID-19. Behaviour and Information Technology, 0(0), 1–15.
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  • Elnahla, N. (2019). Black Mirror: Bandersnatch and how Netflix manipulates us, the new gods. Consumption Markets and Culture, 0(0), 1–6.
  • Fielding, N. G. (2014). Qualitative Research and Our Digital Futures. Qualitative Inquiry, 20(9), 1064–1073.
  • Fielding, N. G. (2019). New Data and Old Dilemmas: Changes and Continuities in Online Social Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 25(8), 761–772.
  • Fielding, N. G., & Fielding, J. L. (2012). User satisfaction and user experiences with Access Grid as a medium for social science research: A research note. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 15(5), 355–367.
  • Foley, G. (2021). Video-based online interviews for palliative care research: A new normal in COVID-19? Palliative Medicine, 35(3), 625–626.
  • Foucault, M. (1997). Ethics: Subjectivity and truth. P. Rabinow (Yay. haz.). United States by The New Press.
  • Foucault, M. (2014). Özne ve iktidar. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınevi.
  • Gibson, K. (2020). Bridging the digital divide: Reflections on using WhatsApp instant messenger interviews in youth research. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 00(00), 1–21.
  • Glassmeyer, D. M., & Dibbs, R. A. (2012). Researching from a distance: Using live web conferencing to mediate data collection. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(3), 292–302.
  • Gover, S. (2014). Netflix Prize and SVD. 1–10.
  • Gray, L. M., Wong-Wylie, G., Rempel, G. R., & Cook, K. (2020). Expanding qualitative research interviewing strategies: Zoom video communications. Qualitative Report, 25(5), 1292–1301.
  • Hallinan, B., & Striphas, T. (2016). Recommended for you: The Netflix Prize and the production of algorithmic culture. New Media & Society, 18(1), 117–137.
  • Hanna, P. (2012). Using internet technologies (such as Skype) as a research medium: A research note. Qualitative Research, 12(2), 239–242.
  • Hastings, R. (2018). How Netflix changed entertainment – where it’s headed. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/reed_hastings_how_netflix_changed_entertainment_and_where_it_s_headed/transcript adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Hesse-Biber, S., & Griffin, A. J. (2013). Internet-Mediated Technologies and Mixed Methods Research: Problems and Prospects. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 7(1), 43–61.
  • Hewson, C. (2010). Internet-mediated research and its potential role in facilitating mixed methods research. S. N. Hesse-Biber & P. Leavy (Yay. haz.), April içinde (ss. 543–570).
  • Hoser, B., & Nitschke, T. (2010). Questions on ethics for research in the virtually connected world. Social Networks, 32(3), 180–186.
  • Iacono, V. Lo, Symonds, P., & Brown, D. H. K. (2015). Skype as a tool for qualitative research interviews. Sociological Research Online, 21(2), 103–117.
  • Irani, E. (2019). The Use of Videoconferencing for Qualitative Interviewing: Opportunities, Challenges, and Considerations. Clinical Nursing Research, 28(1), 3–8.
  • Iryna. (2018). Netflix: The rise of a new online streaming platform universe. https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-digit/submission/netflix-the-rise-of-a-new-online-streaming-platform-universe/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • James, N., & Busher, H. (2006). Credibility, authenticity and voice: Dilemmas in online interviewing. Qualitative Research, 6(3), 403–420.
  • Janghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing: The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 9(1), 1-3.
  • Jenner, B. M., & Myers, K. C. (2019). Intimacy, rapport, and exceptional disclosure: a comparison of in-person and mediated interview contexts. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 22(2), 165–177.
  • Johnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2021). Beyond the In-Person Interview? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review, 39(6), 1142–1158.
  • Karakaş, M. (2020). Covid-19 Salgınının Çok Boyutlu Sosyolojisi ve Yeni Normal Meselesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Dergisi, 40(1), 541–573.
  • Kasapoglu, A., & Akbal, A. (2020). Relational Sociological Analysis of Uncertainties: The case of COVID-19 In Turkey. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(4), 197–228.
  • Lobe, B., Morgan, D., & Hoffman, K. A. (2020). Qualitative Data Collection in an Era of Social Distancing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1–8.
  • Lupton, D. (2017). Digital society. New York: Routledge.
  • Matthews, B., See, Z. S., & Day, J. (2021). Crisis and extended realities: remote presence in the time of COVID-19. Media International Australia, 178(1), 198–209.
  • McGrath, C., Palmgren, P. J., & Liljedahl, M. (2019). Twelve tips for conducting qualitative research interviews. Medical Teacher, 41(9), 1002–1006.
  • McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extentions of man. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
  • Medyabar, (2020). Türkiye’de Netflix’in Abone Sayısı Belli Oldu. https://medyabar.com/haber/4830999/turkiyede-Netflixin-abone-sayisi-belli-oldu adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Merchant, G. (2021). Reading with technology: the new normal. Education 3-13, 49(1), 96–106.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel Araştırma: Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber. (S.Turan, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
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There are 69 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tuğba Erdem 0000-0002-1692-9039

Aylin Görgün Baran This is me 0000-0003-4221-1941

Early Pub Date November 30, 2022
Publication Date December 30, 2022
Submission Date February 21, 2022
Acceptance Date April 4, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 39 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Erdem, T., & Görgün Baran, A. (2022). COVID-19 Sürecinde Kendilik Teknolojileri Üzerine Videokonferans Tekniği ile Dijital Araştırma Yapmak. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(2), 634-653. https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1076497


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