Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Geometry
Year 2025,
Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 174 - 186, 20.08.2025
Ferhat Özdemir
,
Aziz İlhan
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the average reliability coefficient of the Geometry Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) developed by Cantürk-Günhan and Başer (2007), which is frequently used in the literature, based on the reliability findings in different studies and to examine the sources of variation of the reliability coefficients reported in the studies. In the study in which reliability generalization meta-analysis design was used, 24 studies that met the criteria were included in the study. The transformed coefficient values obtained by using Bonett transformation of 26 Cronbach's alpha coefficients obtained from these studies were combined and analyzed under the random effects model. As a result of the analysis, the mean Cronbach's alpha value of the GSES was estimated as .878 (95% CI: [.85 - .90]) and this value was found to be statistically significant (p<.01). In addition, as a result of the heterogeneity analysis, it was determined that there was a high level of heterogeneity between the studies in terms of Cronbach's alpha. Moderator analyses were conducted to determine the possible reasons for the heterogeneity and the findings of the analysis revealed that Cronbach's alpha estimates were not affected by the moderator variables considered in this study. In addition, no evidence of publication bias was found in the study. As a result, the findings of this study suggest that the GSES is a scale with good reliability values on average and may help researchers in future studies to decide to use this scale to measure students' self-efficacy perceptions towards geometry.
Ethical Statement
Yazarlar Etik Beyanı:
Çalışma Meta-analiz araştırmasıdır. İnsan denekli bir araştırma değildir. Tüm aşamalarda etik kurallara uyulmuştur.
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[Studies included in the research are marked with an asterisk (*)]
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*Aksu, A. D. (2013). Predicting the geometry knowledge of pre-service elementary teachers. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 2(3), 1-16.
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*Anıkaydın, Ö. (2017). Students oriented geometry self- efficacy beliefs, attitudes and geometry investigation of relationship between levels of geometric thinking. (Thesis Number. 472218) [Master Thesis], Adnan Menderes University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
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*Atasoy, E. (2019). Elementary mathematics teacher candidates’ geometric thinking levels and their self-efficacy in geometry. Acta Didactica Napocensia, 12(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.24193/adn.12.2.12
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Badenes-Ribera, L., Duro-García, C., López-Ibáñez, C., Martí-Vilar, M., & Sánchez-Meca, J. (2023). The adult prosocialness behavior scale: A reliability generalization meta-analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 47(1), 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254221128280
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Balduzzi, S., Rücker, G., & Schwarzer, G. (2019). How to perform a meta-analysis with R: A practical tutorial. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 22(4), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2019-300117
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*Çontay, E. G. (2012). Geometrik cisimlerin yüzey alanları ve hacimleri konusunda yazma etkinliklerinin 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin başarılarına ve geometriye yönelik öz-yeterliklerine etkisi (Thesis Number. 330564) [Master Thesis] Pamukkale University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
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*Çontay, E. G., & Duatepe-Paksu, A. (2018). The effect of journal writing on achievement and geometry self-efficacy of 8th grade students. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12(2), 167-198. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.506429
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*Demir, Ö. (2019). The effect of using concrete materials in teaching of geometric objects on students' achievement, attitudes and self-efficacy (Thesis Number. 594695) [Master Thesis] Bartın University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
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Deringöl, Y. (2020). Middle school student’s perceptions of their self-efficacy in visual mathematics and geometry: a study of sixth to eighth grade pupils in Istanbul province, Turkey. Education 3-13, 48(8), 1012-1023. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2019.1709527
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*Dursun, Ö. (2010). The relationships among preservice teachers' spatial visualization ability, geometry self-efficacy, and spatial anxiety (Thesis Number. 277931) [Master Thesis], Middle East Technical University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
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Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56(2), 455-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x
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Erkek, Ö., & Işıksal-Bostan, M. (2015). The role of spatial anxiety, geometry self-efficacy and gender in predicting geometry achievement. Elementary Education Online, 14(1), 164-80. https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2015.18256
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Eser, M. T., & Doğan, N. (2023). Life satisfaction scale: A meta-analytic reliability generalization study in turkey sample. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 13(69), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1223320mn
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Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Geometry
Year 2025,
Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 174 - 186, 20.08.2025
Ferhat Özdemir
,
Aziz İlhan
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the average reliability coefficient of the Geometry Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) developed by Cantürk-Günhan and Başer (2007), which is frequently used in the literature, based on the reliability findings in different studies and to examine the sources of variation of the reliability coefficients reported in the studies. In the study in which reliability generalization meta-analysis design was used, 24 studies that met the criteria were included in the study. The transformed coefficient values obtained by using Bonett transformation of 26 Cronbach's alpha coefficients obtained from these studies were combined and analyzed under the random effects model. As a result of the analysis, the mean Cronbach's alpha value of the GSES was estimated as .878 (95% CI: [.85 - .90]) and this value was found to be statistically significant (p<.01). In addition, as a result of the heterogeneity analysis, it was determined that there was a high level of heterogeneity between the studies in terms of Cronbach's alpha. Moderator analyses were conducted to determine the possible reasons for the heterogeneity and the findings of the analysis revealed that Cronbach's alpha estimates were not affected by the moderator variables considered in this study. In addition, no evidence of publication bias was found in the study. As a result, the findings of this study suggest that the GSES is a scale with good reliability values on average and may help researchers in future studies to decide to use this scale to measure students' self-efficacy perceptions towards geometry.
References
-
[Studies included in the research are marked with an asterisk (*)]
-
Afgani, M. W., Suryadi, D., & Dahlan, J. A. (2019). The enhancement of pre-service mathematics teachers' mathematical understanding ability through ACE teaching cyclic. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 9(2), 153-167. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.441
-
*Aksu, A. D. (2013). Predicting the geometry knowledge of pre-service elementary teachers. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 2(3), 1-16.
-
*Anıkaydın, Ö. (2017). Students oriented geometry self- efficacy beliefs, attitudes and geometry investigation of relationship between levels of geometric thinking. (Thesis Number. 472218) [Master Thesis], Adnan Menderes University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
*Atasoy, E. (2019). Elementary mathematics teacher candidates’ geometric thinking levels and their self-efficacy in geometry. Acta Didactica Napocensia, 12(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.24193/adn.12.2.12
-
Badenes-Ribera, L., Duro-García, C., López-Ibáñez, C., Martí-Vilar, M., & Sánchez-Meca, J. (2023). The adult prosocialness behavior scale: A reliability generalization meta-analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 47(1), 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254221128280
-
Balduzzi, S., Rücker, G., & Schwarzer, G. (2019). How to perform a meta-analysis with R: A practical tutorial. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 22(4), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2019-300117
-
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
-
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W.H. Freeman and Company.
-
Baş, F. F., & Katrancı, Y. (2020). A Validity and Reliability Study of A Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Geometry. Academic Social Studies, 4(14), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.732681
-
Begg, C. B., & Mazumdar, M. (1994). Operating Characteristics of a Rank Correlation Test for Publication Bias. Biometrics, 50(4), 1088–1101. https://doi.org/10.2307/2533446
-
Bonett D. G. (2002). Sample size requirements for testing and estimating coefficient alpha. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 27(4), 335-340. https://doi.org/10.3102/10769986027004335
-
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley.
-
*Bostancı, Ü. (2019). The investigation of the relationship between eighth-grade students' geometry self-efficacy perceptions and geometric reasoning skills (Thesis Number. 538851) [Master Thesis], Kırşehir University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
Botella, J., Suero, M., & Gambara, H. (2010). Psychometric inferences from a meta-analysis of reliability and internal consistency coefficients. Psychological Methods, 15(4), 386–397. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019626
-
Cantürk-Günhan, B., & Başer, N. (2007). The development of self-efficacy scale toward geometry. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 33(33), 68-76.
-
Cicchetti, D. V. (1994). Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment, 6(4), 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.6.4.284
-
Crocker, L., & Algina, J. (1986). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
-
*Çadırlı, G. (2017). An analysis of the secondary school students' geometry self-efficacy beliefs and their geometric thinking skills (Thesis Number. 472256) [Master Thesis], Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
Çelik, F. (2023). Gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ölçeği Türkçe versiyonunun güvenirlik genelleme meta analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(2), 848-877. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1283655
-
*Çontay, E. G. (2012). Geometrik cisimlerin yüzey alanları ve hacimleri konusunda yazma etkinliklerinin 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin başarılarına ve geometriye yönelik öz-yeterliklerine etkisi (Thesis Number. 330564) [Master Thesis] Pamukkale University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
*Çontay, E. G., & Duatepe-Paksu, A. (2018). The effect of journal writing on achievement and geometry self-efficacy of 8th grade students. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12(2), 167-198. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.506429
-
*Demir, Ö. (2019). The effect of using concrete materials in teaching of geometric objects on students' achievement, attitudes and self-efficacy (Thesis Number. 594695) [Master Thesis] Bartın University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
Deringöl, Y. (2020). Middle school student’s perceptions of their self-efficacy in visual mathematics and geometry: a study of sixth to eighth grade pupils in Istanbul province, Turkey. Education 3-13, 48(8), 1012-1023. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2019.1709527
-
*Dursun, Ö. (2010). The relationships among preservice teachers' spatial visualization ability, geometry self-efficacy, and spatial anxiety (Thesis Number. 277931) [Master Thesis], Middle East Technical University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
-
Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56(2), 455-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x
-
Egger, M., Davey Smith, G., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997). Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ, 315(7109), 629–634. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629
-
Erkek, Ö., & Işıksal-Bostan, M. (2015). The role of spatial anxiety, geometry self-efficacy and gender in predicting geometry achievement. Elementary Education Online, 14(1), 164-80. https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2015.18256
-
Eser, M. T., & Doğan, N. (2023). Life satisfaction scale: A meta-analytic reliability generalization study in turkey sample. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 13(69), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1223320mn
-
Eser, M. T., Yurtçu, M., & Aksu G. (2020). R Programlama Dili ve Jamovi ile Meta Analiz Uygulamaları [Meta-analysis applications with R programming language and Jamovi]. Pegem Akademi.
-
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