Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Öğrencilere Toplumsal Levhaları İzleme Becerisinin Kazandırılmasında Video Modelle Öğretimin Etkililiği

Abstract

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB), sosyal etkileşim ve iletişimde yetersizlikler, sınırlı, tekrarlayan davranışlar ve sınırlı ilgi alanları belirtileri ile ortaya çıkan ve seyreden nörolojik bir bozukluktur. Alanyazında OSB tanısı bulunan bireylere farklı becerilerin öğretiminde etkili olarak kullanılan farklı yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerden biri video modelle öğretimdir. Video modelle öğretim model tarafından sergilenen hedef davranışın video görüntülerinden izlenmesi ve model alınması olarak tanımlanan, kanıt temelli uygulamalardan biridir. Bu araştırmada toplumsal alanlarda levhalarda yer alan okları takip ederek tuvaleti bulma becerisinin öğretiminde otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı bulunan akranın model olarak yer aldığı video modelle öğretimin etkililiğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla yaşları 10-13 arasında değişen otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı bulunan üç erkek öğrenci ile çalışılmıştır. Katılımcılar arası yoklama evreli çoklu yoklama modelinin kullanıldığı araştırmanın bulguları video modelle öğretimin katılımcıların toplumsal alanlarda levhalarda yer alan okları takip ederek tuvaleti bulma becerisini edinmelerinde, edindikleri beceriyi korumalarında ve genellemelerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgular alanyazın doğrultusunda tartışılarak ileri araştırma ve uygulamalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

• otizm spektrum bozukluğu,video modelle öğretim,toplumsal levhalar,kanıt temelli uygulamalar,akran model

Effectiveness of Video Modeling in Teaching Following Public Direction Signs for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurobiological disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and communication, restricted range of behavior and limited areas of interest and stereotypic behaviors. Literature involves a rich variety of studies utilizing an array of effective methods to teach different skills to individuals with ASD. One of these methods has been video modeling which involves watching the video recording of model performing a target behavior. This method has received considerably empirical support. The present study intended to examine the effectiveness of teaching skills to individuals with ASD how to follow signs in finding the restroom in a public setting by utilizing video modeling in which the model is a peer with an ASD. Participants of the study were three male students whose age ranged between 10 and 13. Results of the study showed that video modeling was effective in acquiring, maintaining and generalizing targeted skills. Findings, limitations of the study and its implications for future research as well as practitioners were discussed.

Keywords

• autism spectrum disorder,video modeling,direction signs,evidence-based practices,peer model

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