YOLSUZLUK OLGUSUNA YÖNELİK YAPILAN AMPİRİK ÇALIŞMALAR ÜZERİNE NOTLAR

Year 2001, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 97 - 122, 31.12.2001

Umur Tosun

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı,
yolsuzlukla ilgili olarak yapılmış ampirik çalışmaların bulgularını
değerlendirmektir. Bunlardan birinci grup çalışma yolsuzluğun nedenlerine
ilişkin iken, ikinci grup çalışma yolsuzluğun sonuçlarına ilişkindir. Birinci
grup çalışmaların bulgularına göre; kanun hâkimiyeti, kamu harcamaları,
bürokratik kalite, doğal kaynak bolluğu, sanayileşme politikaları, rekabet
gücü, kamu sektöründe maaş ve ücret haddi ile yolsuzluk karşıtı kanunlar,
yolsuzluğun ana nedenleridir. İkinci grup çalışmaların bulgularına göre
yolsuzluk; düşük ekonomik büyüme hızına, yüksek enflâsyon değişkenliğine, düşük
doğrudan yabancı yatırımların azalmasına, kamu gelirlerinin azalmasına, sermaye
yoğun kamu yatırımlarının artmasına, kayıt dışı ekonominin artmasına, eğitim ve
sağlık harcamalarının azalmasına, askerî harcamaların artmasına ve gelir
eşitsizliğinin artmasına neden olmaktadır.

Keywords

Yolsuzluk, kamu sektörü faaliyetleri, ekonomik göstergeler

Notes on Empirical Studies of Corruption

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the empirical findings of
studies applied on the subject of corruption. A first group of studies is about
the determinants of corruption and a second group of studies is about the consequences
of corruption. According to the findings of the first group of studies: rule of
law, government expenditure, bureaucratic quality, natural resource abundance,
industrialization policies, degree of competitiveness, wages and salaries in
public sector and anti-corruption laws are found to be the main determinants of
corruption. According to the findings of the second group of studies: low level
of economic growth, high level of inflationist pressure variability, low level
of foreign direct investment, decreasing level of government revenues, increase
in level of capital intensive public investment, increase in the size of
underground economy, decrease in educational and health expenditures increase
in military spending, worsening income distribution are found to be the main
consequences of corruption.     

Keywords

Corruption, public sector activities, economic indicators

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