Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Responses of Patients Diagnosed with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treated with Systemic Antimony

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. The most commonly preferred treatment option for CL treatment is pentavalent anti-mony compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment re-sponses of patients diagnosed with CL treated with systemic antimony. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 52 patients diagnosed with CL and treated with systemic antimony in our skin and venereal diseases clinic between May 2018 and May 2020. The clinical and demographic characteristics recorded in the patients' files were examined. Systemic antimony (in-tramuscular meglumine antimonate (IM MA)) was administered Results: 30 (57.7%) of the patients in our study were female and 22 (42.3%) were male. The average age of the patients was 26.5±14.23 years. Lesions were most frequently located in the facial region, and noduloulcerative type lesions were most frequently seen. The diagnosis of CL was made by observing amastigotes in the cutaneous smear in 48 (92.3%) patients and in the histopathological examination of the lesioned skin in 4 (7.7%) patients. When the patients receiving IM MA treatment were evaluated at the 12th week in terms of treatment response, complete clinical recovery of the lesions was observed in 50 (96.1%) patients and partial clinical improvement was observed in 2 (3.9%) patients. Conclusions: As a result, the data in our study were similar to the clinical and demographic data on CL previously published in our country.

Keywords

• clinical features
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Meglumine antimonate
• Antimony

Sistemik Antimon ile Tedavi Edilen Kutanöz Leishmaniasis Tanılı Hastaların Klinik Özellikleri ve Tedavi Yanıtları

Abstract

Amaç: Kutanöz leishmaniasis (KL) Leishmania genusuna ait protozoan parazitlerin neden olduğu bir cilt hastalığıdır. KL tedavisi için en sık tercih edilen tedavi seçeneği beş değerli antimon bileşikleridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sistemik antimon ile tedavi edilen KL tanılı hastaların klinik özellikleri ve tedavi yanıtlarını araştırmaktır. Materyal- metot: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya deri ve zührevi hastalıkları kliniğimizde Mayıs 2018 – Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında KL tanısı konulan ve sistemik antimon ile tedavi edilen 52 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların dosyalarında kayıtlı olan klinik ve demografik özellikleri incelendi. Sistemik antimon (intramüsküler meglumin antimonat (IM MA)) 20 mg/kg /gün dozunda 21 gün boyunca uygulandı. Tedavi yanıtı 12. haftada değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızdaki hastaların 30(%57.7)’u kadın ve 22(%42.3)’si erkek idi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 26.5±14.23 yıl idi. Lezyonlar en sık yüz bölgesinde yerleşmekteydi ve en sık nodüloülseratif tip lezyonlar görüldü. KL tanısı 48 (%92.3) hastada kutanöz smearde ve 4(%7.7) hastada lezyonlu derinin histopatolojik incelenmesinde amastigotların görülmesi ile konuldu. IM MA tedavisi alan hastalar tedavi yanıtı açısından 12. haftada değerlendirildiğinde 50(%96.1) hastada lezyonlarda tam klinik iyileşme, 2(%3.9) hastada ise kısmi klinik iyileşme görüldü. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak çalışmamızdaki veriler ülkemizde daha önce yayınlanan KL ile ilgili klinik ve demografik veriler ile benzerdi.

Keywords

• Antimon
• klinik özellikler
• kutanöz leishmaniasis
• meglumin antimonat

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