Comparison of Vitamin A and Vitamin D Levels of 0-36 Months Old Children, Who were Admitted to Pediatric Inpatient Clinic with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Healthy Children within the Same Age Group

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 587 - 592, 31.12.2023

Harun Çatak , Abdulrahman Özel , Övgü Büke , Özlem Bostan Gayret , Meltem Erol

https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1327349

Abstract

Background

Lower respiratory system infections are highly common in young children and may require inpatient treatment. Studies have shown that patients treated and followed up for lower respiratory system infections have low levels of vitamin A and Vitamin D. In our study, we aimed to determine whether the deficiencies of these vitamins are risk factors for the development of lower respiratory system infections by comparing the serum vitamin A and vitamin D levels of patients 0-36months with lower respiratory tract infection and healthy children.

Materials and Method

The study included 82 children who applied to pediatric outpatient clinic between February 1st 2020 and June 30th 2020 with lower respiratory tract infection between the age 0-36 months, who gave blood sample for determination of serum vitamin A and vitamin D levels. 58 healthy children who applied to the outpatient clinic for routine check-up were determined as the control group. Age, sex, height and weight of all children were recorded.

Results

The average vitamin D level of those in the lower respiratory tract infection group was found to be 15.96±7.49ng/ml and those in the healthy group had average vitamin D levels of 32.19±14.27 ng/ml, showing that the sick group had statistically significantly lower levels of vitamin D (p=0.0001). The average vitamin A level of those in the sick group was found to be 170.42±60.42 ng/ml, whereas those in the control group had average vitamin A levels of 284.42±71.2 ng/ml, which showed that those in the sick group had statistically significantly low levels of vitamin A (p=0.0001). Our study showed that there is a positive statistically meaningful correlation between the vitamin D variable and the vitamin A variable (r=0.432, p=0.0001).

Conclusions

Our study is the only study in the literature comparing both the vitamin A and vitamin D levels of patients with lower respiratory tract infection. Vitamin A and vitamin D levels of patients with lower respiratory tract infections are found to be lower compared to healthy children, therefore we predict that controlling the vitamin levels of such patient and giving the appropriate treatment when needed, will lower the morbidity and mortality caused by lower respiratory tract infections.

Keywords

Lower Respiratory System Infection, Vitamin D, Vitamin A

Çocuk Servisinde Yatırılarak Tedavi Edilen Alt Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonu Tanılı 0 – 36 Ay Arası Çocukların Vitamin A Ve Vitamin D Düzeylerinin Aynı Yaş Grubu Sağlıklı Çocuklar Ile Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonları özellikle küçük çocuklarda sık görülmekte olup aynı zamanda hastaneye yatırılarak tedaviyi gerektirmektedir. Çalışmamızda 0-36 ay grubu alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanısıyla takip edilen çocuklarda serum vitamin A ve serum vitamin D düzeylerinin saptanarak, aynı yaş grubundaki sağlıklı çocuklarla karşılaştırılması ve bu vitamin eksikliklerinin alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olup olmadığının saptanması amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve metod: Çalışmamızda 01 Şubat 2020-30 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında Bağcılar EAH Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Polikliniğine başvuran 0-36 ay arası alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanısı ile izlenen ve serum A ve D vitamini saptanması için kan alınan 82 çocuk çalışmaya dahil edildi. Polikliniğe rutin kontrol için başvuran ve serum A
ve D vitamin düzeyleri bakılan 58 sağlıklı çocuk kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Çocukların yaş, cinsiyet, boy ve kilo değerleri kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza katılan hasta grubunun vitamin D ortalaması 15,96±7,49ng/ml,
kontrol grubunun vitamin D ortalaması 32,19±14,27 ng/ml olup istatistiksel olarak
hasta grubunun vitamin D düzeyi anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,0001).
Çalışmamıza katılan hasta grubunun vitamin A ortalaması 170,42±60,42 ng/ml,
kontrol grubunun vitamin A ortalaması 284,42±71,2 ng/ml olup istatistiksel olarak
hasta grubunun vitamin A düzeyi anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,0001).
Çalışmamızda vitamin D değişkeni ile vitamin A değişkeni arasında pozitif yönde
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon gözlenmiştir (r=0,432 p=0,0001).
Sonuç: ASYE geçiren çocuklarda
vitamin A ve vitamin D düzeyleri sağlıklı çocuklara göre daha düşük görülmekte
olup bu çocukların vitamin değerlerinin kontrol edilmesi ve gereğinde uygun tedavi
verilmesinin ASYE’ye bağlı gelişen morbidite ve mortaliteyi azaltacağını
öngörmekteyiz.

Keywords

Alt Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonları, vitamin D, vitamin A

Supporting Institution

SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BAĞCILAR EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ

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