Detection of antimicrobial activity of henna against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and different Candida standard strains: An in vitro study

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 190 - 195, 22.12.2023

Mehmet Demirci , Hikmet Dinç , Akin Yığın , Fadile Yıldız Zeyrek

https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.1311036

Abstract

Lawsonia inermis (henna tree), the only species in the Lawsonia genus of the Lythraceae family, is a flowering plant with a height of 2-6 m. Lawsonia inermis (henna) is the natural source of the dye henna, which is widely used worldwide to dye skin and hair. Different bioactive components in henna are known to have antibacterial properties. The aim of this study was to control the antibacterial activity of henna powder (water-based extract) commercially sold in our country against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and to control the antifungal activity of henna powder against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. tropicalis ATCC 750, C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. glabrata ATCC 2001 standard strains.
Standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. tropicalis ATCC 750, C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. glabrata ATCC 2001 were used in our study. Water-based extracts of henna powder between 20 μg/mL and 0.3125 μg/mL were prepared and antimicrobial activity was determined using the microdilution method. Bacterial and fungal growth in each well was measured by Epoch spectrophotometer at 600 nm and suppression rates were determined compared to the positive control.
No 100% suppression was detected at any concentration against the standard strains. Against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, suppression was detected at the levels of 64%, 55% and 49% at 20 μg/mL henna concentration, respectively. Against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. glabrata, suppression of 20 μg/mL henna concentration was 92%, 64%, 56% and 42%, respectively.
In conclusion, the data of our study showed us that the antibacterial effect of water-based henna extract is not very good against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, but this effect can be observed at high concentrations. In addition, it has been concluded that henna can be used against different Candida species, especially against C. albicans, and its use together with other antifungals has been evaluated.

Keywords

Antimicrobial effectivity, Candida spp., E. coli, Henna, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus

Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve farklı Candida standart kökenlerine karşı Kına’nın antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin tespiti: Bir in vitro çalışma

Abstract

Lythraceae familyasının Lawsonia cinsindeki tek tür olan Lawsonia inermis (kına ağacı) 2-6 m yüksekliğinde çiçekli bir bitkidir. Lawsonia inermis (kına), dünya çapında cilt ve saç boyamak için yaygın olarak kullanılan boya kınanın doğal kaynağıdır. Kına içeriğinde bulunan farklı biyoaktif bileşenlerin, antimikrobiyal özellikleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda, ticari olarak ülkemizde satılan kına tozunun (su bazlı ekstraktının) Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 standart kökenlerine karşı antibakteriyel ve Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. tropicalis ATCC 750, C. krusei ATCC 6258 ve C. glabrata ATCC 2001 standart kökenlerine karşı antifungal aktivitesinin kontrol edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. tropicalis ATCC 750, C. krusei ATCC 6258 ve C. glabrata ATCC 2001 standart kökenleri çalışmamızda kullanılmıştır. 20 μg/mL ile 0.3125 μg/mL arasında kına tozunun su bazlı ekstraktları hazırlanmış ve mikrodilüsyon metodu kullanılarak antimikrobiyal aktivite belirlenmiştir. Her kuyucuktaki bakteri ve mantar üremesi, 600 nm'de Epoch spektrofotometre ile ölçülmüş ve pozitif kontrole göre baskılanma oranları saptanmıştır.
Tüm standart kökenlerine karşı hiçbir konsantrasyonda %100 baskılama olmadığı saptandı. S.aureus, E. coli’ye ve P.aeruginosa’ya karşı 20 μg/mL kına konsantrasyonunda sırasıyla %64, %55 ve %49 seviyesinde baskılama tespit edildi. C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei ve C. glabrata karşı 20 μg/mL kına konsantrasyonunda sırasıyla %92, %64, %56 ve %42 seviyesinde baskılama saptandı.
Sonuç olarak, çalışmamız verileri su bazlı kına ekstraktının antibakteriyel etkisinin S. aureus, E.coli ve P. aeruginosa’ya karşı çok iyi olmadığını yüksek konsantrasyonlarda bu etkinin gözlemlenebileceğini bize göstermiştir. Bunun yanında, kınanın farklı Candida türleri açısından da, özellikle C. albicans’a karşı kullanılabileceği ve diğer antifungallerle birlikte kullanımlarının değerlendirilmesi kanaati oluşmuştur.

Keywords

Kına, Antimikrobiyal etkinlik, Candida, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa

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