EFFECT OF TRIGONELLINE IN A MODEL OF APOPTOSIS IN RAT RETINA

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 349 - 365, 31.08.2024

Sevinç Arzu Postacı , Ali Dal , Ülkü Çeliker , Nevin İlhan , Ferda Dağlı

Abstract

Purpose: Determine the effectiveness of drop trigonelline and oral trigonelline (TG) as treatments for retinal apoptosis caused by N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) and to compare the effectiveness of TG drops with brimonidine tartrate (BT) drops.
Methods: We randomly divided rats into six groups of seven each. We didn’t apply any action to Group1. On the first day of the experiment (FDE), we administered intravitreal phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to Group2, the negative control, without administering any treatment. We administered intravitreal NMDA to Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 on the FDE. Group3 (the positive control) didn’t receive post-injection treatment. Group4 received oral TG, Group5 received TG drops; and Group6 received BT drops. All rats underwent histopathological and biochemical evaluations.
Results: TUNEL labeling revealed no significant changes between Groups 1 (1.21±0.08) and 2 (1.27±0.11), whereas Group 3 (12.52±2.82) had considerably higher indices (p<0.001). Compared to Group3, drop TG (4.67±1.23) and drop BT (4.26±0.97) significantly reduced apoptosis (p<0.001). MDA levels peaked in Group3 (3.23±0.85), with substantial reductions in all treatment groups (p<0.05). SOD levels decreased considerably in Group3 (14.6±4.01) compared to group 1 (31.51±8.04, p<0.001), while oral TG, drop TG, and drop BT increased significantly (34.73±5.16, 38.46±3.60, 35.98±4.89, p<0.001). In Group3, iNOs protein expression increased by 32%, while the drop TG (~21%, p=0.037) and drop BT (~20%, p=0.04) groups showed substantial declines.
Conclusion: Our study found that the retinal neuroprotective and antioxidant efficacy of TG drops was comparable to that of BT drops.

Keywords

Neuroprotection, Retinal Apoptosis, Trigonelline

RAT RETİNASINDAKİ APOPİTOZİS MODELİNDE TRİGONELLİNE ETKİNLİĞİ

Abstract

Amaç: N-metil D-aspartat (NMDA) ile indüklenmiş retinal apopitozis modelinde damla trigoneline ve oral trigonelinenin (TG) etkinliğini belirlemek ve TG etkinliğini brimonidin tartarat (BT) ile karşılaştırmak.
Yöntemler: Ratlar, her birinde yedi rat olacak şekilde rastgele altı gruba ayrıldı. Grup1'e herhangi bir işlem veya tedavi uygulanmadı. Deneyin ilk gününde (DİG) Grup 2'ye (negatif kontrol) intravitreal fosfat tamponlu salin (PBS) uygulandı ve sonrasında herhangi bir tedavi verilmedi. DİG'de Grup 3, 4, 5 ve 6'ya intravitreal NMDA uygulandı. Grup3’e (pozitif kontrol), enjeksiyon sonrası tedavi uygulanmadı. Grup4'e oral TG, Grup5'e damla TG ve Grup6’ya damla BT tedavisi verildi. Tüm rat gözlerinde histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal değerlendirmeler yapıldı.
Bulgular: TUNEL boyamasında, Grup 1 (1,21±0,08) ve 2 (1,27±0,11) arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı görüldü. Grup3'ün (12,52±2,82), Grup1’e göre yüksek düzeyde apopitotik indekse sahip olduğu izlendi (p<0,001). Grup3 ile karşılaştırıldığında damla TG (4,67±1,23) ve damla BT (4,26±0,97) gruplarında apopitozis anlamlı derecede azdı (p<0,001). MDA düzeyleri Grup 3'te yüksek izlenirken (3,23±0,85), tüm tedavi gruplarında önemli azalmalar görüldü (p<0,05). SOD düzeyleri grup 3'te (14,6±4,01) grup 1'e (31,51±8,04, p<0,001) göre anlamlı derecede azken, oral TG, damla TG ve damla BT gruplarında anlamlı düzeyde yüksek izlendi (34,73±5,16, 38,46±3,60, 35,98±4,89) , p<0.001). Grup3'te iNOs protein ekspresyonu %32 düzeylerindeyken, damla TG (~%21, p=0,037) ve damla BT (~%20, p=0,04) gruplarında ciddi azalmalar görüldü.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız, damla TG’nin retinal nöroprotektif ve antioksidan etkinliğinin, damla BT ile benzer düzeyde olduğunu tespit etmiştir.

Keywords

Nöroproteksiyon, Retinal apopitozis, Trigonelline

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