Abstract
National anthems are national symbols that reveal the identity and character of nations, their goals and aspirations. The social actors who manufacture and distribute national symbols as sociologically constructed objects are political elites. In this context, the desire of the political elites to benefit from the binding and unifying function of the anthem in the process of constructing and adopting the national anthems is a common feature in all marches. The process of accepting, adopting and discussing a poem as a national anthem provides important clues about the constructed national identity. In this article, the hundred-year course of the debates on the National Anthem will be discussed in the context of Turkish political history and the problem of nation-building. In this context, when the course of the debates is followed, it will be revealed that the gap between the official ideology and the national anthem gradually deepened and the gap created was filled by the ideological anthems accompanying alternative ideologies among the younger generations in the political environment of the 1970s. It is stated that with the September 12 military coup, the political elites who wanted to establish a new national unity ideology in the social and political field used the national anthem as a means of political violence, and in response to this, an environment emerged in which the national anthem was identified with the oppressive and authoritarian understanding of the state. As a result, it is revealed that the national identity problem in Turkey has deepened over the course of the 100-year-old national anthem debates.