Araştırma Makalesi
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Socio-Spatial Inequalities and City Planning in the Shadow of the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of Diyarbakir

Yıl 2021, , 1582 - 1613, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.880705

Öz

This study focuses on Diyarbakir city planning during the Covid-19 pandemic process; It examines the relationship between urban space, the pandemic, and daily life experiences that are transformed by neoliberal policies. By taking urban and public spaces into the analyzing framework, this study focuses on the importance of the material conditions during the pandemic process, with the presupposition that Diyarbakir has been developed unevenly economic-wise and spatial-wise in the neoliberal process. As a spatial reflection of this situation, the relationship between residences is separated from the public space by certain borders and mechanisms, such as gated communities and daily life practices, which provides information on how the pandemic is experienced through class conditions. Methodologically, this study forms its argument on the spatial organization of the city in a historical perspective and its relationship with the epidemic process, based on research data on the city. It will deal with the differentiation between Kayapinar district, which was opened for construction after the 1999s, and Baglar district, one of the city's oldest districts, where primarily working-class people live, and the tendency of slums is intense.

Kaynakça

  • • Alessandro, Apolloni ve Capasso. (2017). Public Health and Urban Planing: A Powerful Allience to be Enhanced in Italy.
  • • André Hutson, M., Kaplan, G. A., Ranjıt, N., ve Mujahıd, M. S. (2012). Metropolitan Fragmentation And Health Disparities: Is There A Link? Milbank Quarterly, 90(1), 187–207.
  • • Barton, H. and Grant, M. (2006) A health map for the local human habitat. The Journal for the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 126 (6).pp. 252- 253
  • • Bashford, Alison. (2016). Quarantine: Local And Global Histories. Macmillan International Higher Education.
  • • Berg, R. V. (2020). How Will COVID-19 Affect Urban Planning?
  • • Büyükcan, Tufan ve Ejder Yelken. (2015). “Şehir Dışına Göç Eden Okullar: Eğitim Kampüsleri, Eğitim Bilim Toplum 49.
  • • Campbell, Margaret (2005). “What Tuberculosis Did for Modernism: The Influence of a Curative Environment on Modernist Design and Architecture.” Medical History 49, no. 4: 463–88., Crompton, John L. “The Health Rationale for Urban Parks in the Nineteenth Century in the USA.” World Leisure Journal 55, no. 4 (November 2013): 333–46.
  • • Chapman, Brian. (1953). Baron Haussmann and the Planning of Paris. The Town Planning Review Vol. 24, No. 3 (Oct., 1953), s. 177-192. Liverpool University Press.
  • • Deverell, William Francis. (2004). “Ethnic Quarantine.” In Whitewashed Adobe: The Rise Of Los Angeles And The Remaking Of Its Mexican Past, 172–206.Berkeley: University Of California.
  • • Diyarbakır Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2006). Stratejik Plan 2006-2009. Diyarbakır: Diyarbakır Büyükşehir Belediyesi.
  • • Eker, G. (2020). The future of public spaces after pandemic: Ghost Spaces. UNDP.
  • • Elbek, Osman. (2020). “Türkiye’de Değişen Covid-19 Stratejileri” Birikim Dergisi Güncel, Erişildi 20 Haziran 2020.
  • • Frost, Natasha (2020). “Quarantined For Life: The Tragic History Of Us Leprosy Colonies.” Hıstory.
  • • Gambetti, Zeynep. (2005). “The Conflictual (Trans)Formation Of The Public Sphere İn Urban Space: The Case Of Diyarbakır.” New Perspectives On Turkey 32. 43-71.
  • • Gandy, Matthew. (2006). “The Bacteriological City And Its Discontents.” Historical Geography 34. 14–25.
  • • Harvey, David. (1989). “From Managerialism To Entrepreneurialism: The Transformation İn Urban Governance İn Late Capitalism.” Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography. 71, No.1., 3-17.
  • • Harvey, David. (2004) “The ‘New’ Imperialism: Accumulation By Dispossession.” Socialist Register 40. 63-87.
  • • Harvey, David. (2005) A Brief History Of Neoliberalism. Oxford, New York: Oxford University.
  • • Harvey, David. (2015). Sermayenin Mekanları. İstanbul: Sel.
  • • Harvey, David.(1985) The Urbanization Of Capital. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  • • Hoffman, Danny. (2016). “A Crouching Village: Ebola And The Empty Gestures Of Quarantine İn Monrovia.” City & Society 28, No. 2. 246–264.
  • • Johnson, Steven. (2007) The Ghost Map: The Story Of London’s Most Terrifying Epidemic--And How It Changed Science, Cities, And The Modern World. New York: Riverhead.
  • • Kaygalak, Sevilay. (2008) Kapitalizmin Taşrası: 16. Yüzyıldan 19. Yüzyıla Bursa’da Toplumsal Süreçler ve Mekânsal Değişim. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • • Keskinok, H. Çağatay. (2012). “Kentlerde Kamusal Mekanların Üretilmesi Sorunu: Bağlamını Yitiren Kentler”, Mimarlık Dergisi 364.
  • • Kıygı, Gizem. (2020). 19. Yüzyılda Salgın Hastalıklar Kentleri Nasıl Şekillendirdi? (II). https://www.arkitera.com/gorus/19-yuzyilda-salgin-hastaliklar-kentleri-nasil-sekillendirdi-ii/
  • • Koch, Tom. (2016) Cartographies Of Disease: Maps, Mapping, And Medicine. 2. Baskı.. Redlands, California: Esrı.
  • • Kulözü, Neslihan. (2016). “Bir Mekansal Modernleşme Öyküsü: Erzurum Kenti ve Kentsel Mekânında İkili Dokunun Oluşumu” İdealkent Sayı 18. 22-47.
  • • Kurtuluş, Hatice. (2008). (Ed.) İstanbul’da Kentsel Ayrışma. İstanbul: Bağlam.
  • • Lefebvre, Henri. (1976) The Survival Of Capitalism: Reproduction Of The Relations Of Production. London: Allison And Busby.
  • • Sassen, Saskia. (1991) The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Oxford: Princeton University.
  • • Shah, Nayan. (2010). “Public Health And The Mapping Of Chinatown”, İçinde Asian American Studies Now: A Critical Reader, E D.Jean Yu-Wen Shen Wu And Thomas Chen. Rutgers University.
  • • Smith, Neil. (2002). “New Globalism, New Urbanism: Gentrification as Global Urban Strategy”, Antipode 34, no.3 427-450.
  • • Snow, J. (1857). Cholera, and the Water Supply in the South Districts of London. Bmj, S4-1(42), 864-865. doi:10.1136/bmj.s4-1.42.864
  • • Şengül, Tarık. (2009) Kentsel Çelişki ve Siyaset. Ankara: İmge Yayınevi
  • • WHO. (2020b). Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19).
  • • WHO. (2020c). Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it.
  • • Wilford, John Noble. (2008). “How Epidemics Helped Shape the Modern Metropolis.” The New York Times, April 15. sec. Science.
  • • World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (1997) - Twenty Steps for Developing a Healthy Cities project 3rd Edition. WHO.
  • • World Heath Organization, Health For All.
  • • Yeğen, Mesut. (1999) Devlet Söyleminde Kürt Sorunu. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • • Yılmazçelik, İ., (1993). XIX Yüzyılda Diyarbakır Eyaletinde Yönetim Halk Münasebetleri. Prof.Dr. Bayram Kodaman'a Armağan, (),371-387.
  • • Yuksel, Ayşe Seda. (2012). “Ölçek Literatürü ve Yereli Anlamak: Türkiye’nin Güneydoğusu’nda Neoliberal Deneyim ve Sınıf İlişkileri”,İstanbul: Praksis, 29.

Covid-19 Pandemisi Gölgesinde Sosyo-Mekânsal Eşitsizlikler ve Kent Planlama: Diyarbakır Örneği

Yıl 2021, , 1582 - 1613, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.880705

Öz

Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde, Diyarbakır kent planlamasına odaklanarak; neoliberal politikalarla dönüşen kent mekânını, pandemi ve gündelik yaşam arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alarak incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Analiz çerçevesine kent mekânını ve kamusal alanları alan çalışma, Diyarbakır’ın neoliberal süreçte ekonomik ve mekânsal olarak eşitsiz geliştiği ön kabulüyle, pandemi sürecinde bireylerin sahip olduğu maddi koşulların önemine odaklanmaktadır. Bu durumun mekânsal yansıması olarak güvenlikli siteler gibi kamusal alandan belli sınırlar ve mekanizmalarla ayrılan konutlar ile gündelik yaşam pratikleri arasındaki ilişki, pandeminin sınıfsal koşullar üzerinden nasıl deneyimlendiğine dair bilgi vermektedir. Metodolojik olarak bu çalışma, tarihsel bir perspektifte kentin mekânsal örgütlenmesini ve bunun salgın süreci ile ilişkisini, kent üzerine yapılmış araştırma verilerine dayanarak argümanını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamız, 1999’lardan sonra imara açılan Kayapınar ilçesi ile genellikle işçi sınıfının yaşadığı, gecekondulaşma eğiliminin yoğun olduğu ve kentin en eski ilçelerinden biri olan Bağlar ilçesi arasındaki sosyo-kültürel ve mekânsal farklılaşmayı pandemi bağlamında ele alacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • • Alessandro, Apolloni ve Capasso. (2017). Public Health and Urban Planing: A Powerful Allience to be Enhanced in Italy.
  • • André Hutson, M., Kaplan, G. A., Ranjıt, N., ve Mujahıd, M. S. (2012). Metropolitan Fragmentation And Health Disparities: Is There A Link? Milbank Quarterly, 90(1), 187–207.
  • • Barton, H. and Grant, M. (2006) A health map for the local human habitat. The Journal for the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 126 (6).pp. 252- 253
  • • Bashford, Alison. (2016). Quarantine: Local And Global Histories. Macmillan International Higher Education.
  • • Berg, R. V. (2020). How Will COVID-19 Affect Urban Planning?
  • • Büyükcan, Tufan ve Ejder Yelken. (2015). “Şehir Dışına Göç Eden Okullar: Eğitim Kampüsleri, Eğitim Bilim Toplum 49.
  • • Campbell, Margaret (2005). “What Tuberculosis Did for Modernism: The Influence of a Curative Environment on Modernist Design and Architecture.” Medical History 49, no. 4: 463–88., Crompton, John L. “The Health Rationale for Urban Parks in the Nineteenth Century in the USA.” World Leisure Journal 55, no. 4 (November 2013): 333–46.
  • • Chapman, Brian. (1953). Baron Haussmann and the Planning of Paris. The Town Planning Review Vol. 24, No. 3 (Oct., 1953), s. 177-192. Liverpool University Press.
  • • Deverell, William Francis. (2004). “Ethnic Quarantine.” In Whitewashed Adobe: The Rise Of Los Angeles And The Remaking Of Its Mexican Past, 172–206.Berkeley: University Of California.
  • • Diyarbakır Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2006). Stratejik Plan 2006-2009. Diyarbakır: Diyarbakır Büyükşehir Belediyesi.
  • • Eker, G. (2020). The future of public spaces after pandemic: Ghost Spaces. UNDP.
  • • Elbek, Osman. (2020). “Türkiye’de Değişen Covid-19 Stratejileri” Birikim Dergisi Güncel, Erişildi 20 Haziran 2020.
  • • Frost, Natasha (2020). “Quarantined For Life: The Tragic History Of Us Leprosy Colonies.” Hıstory.
  • • Gambetti, Zeynep. (2005). “The Conflictual (Trans)Formation Of The Public Sphere İn Urban Space: The Case Of Diyarbakır.” New Perspectives On Turkey 32. 43-71.
  • • Gandy, Matthew. (2006). “The Bacteriological City And Its Discontents.” Historical Geography 34. 14–25.
  • • Harvey, David. (1989). “From Managerialism To Entrepreneurialism: The Transformation İn Urban Governance İn Late Capitalism.” Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography. 71, No.1., 3-17.
  • • Harvey, David. (2004) “The ‘New’ Imperialism: Accumulation By Dispossession.” Socialist Register 40. 63-87.
  • • Harvey, David. (2005) A Brief History Of Neoliberalism. Oxford, New York: Oxford University.
  • • Harvey, David. (2015). Sermayenin Mekanları. İstanbul: Sel.
  • • Harvey, David.(1985) The Urbanization Of Capital. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  • • Hoffman, Danny. (2016). “A Crouching Village: Ebola And The Empty Gestures Of Quarantine İn Monrovia.” City & Society 28, No. 2. 246–264.
  • • Johnson, Steven. (2007) The Ghost Map: The Story Of London’s Most Terrifying Epidemic--And How It Changed Science, Cities, And The Modern World. New York: Riverhead.
  • • Kaygalak, Sevilay. (2008) Kapitalizmin Taşrası: 16. Yüzyıldan 19. Yüzyıla Bursa’da Toplumsal Süreçler ve Mekânsal Değişim. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • • Keskinok, H. Çağatay. (2012). “Kentlerde Kamusal Mekanların Üretilmesi Sorunu: Bağlamını Yitiren Kentler”, Mimarlık Dergisi 364.
  • • Kıygı, Gizem. (2020). 19. Yüzyılda Salgın Hastalıklar Kentleri Nasıl Şekillendirdi? (II). https://www.arkitera.com/gorus/19-yuzyilda-salgin-hastaliklar-kentleri-nasil-sekillendirdi-ii/
  • • Koch, Tom. (2016) Cartographies Of Disease: Maps, Mapping, And Medicine. 2. Baskı.. Redlands, California: Esrı.
  • • Kulözü, Neslihan. (2016). “Bir Mekansal Modernleşme Öyküsü: Erzurum Kenti ve Kentsel Mekânında İkili Dokunun Oluşumu” İdealkent Sayı 18. 22-47.
  • • Kurtuluş, Hatice. (2008). (Ed.) İstanbul’da Kentsel Ayrışma. İstanbul: Bağlam.
  • • Lefebvre, Henri. (1976) The Survival Of Capitalism: Reproduction Of The Relations Of Production. London: Allison And Busby.
  • • Sassen, Saskia. (1991) The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Oxford: Princeton University.
  • • Shah, Nayan. (2010). “Public Health And The Mapping Of Chinatown”, İçinde Asian American Studies Now: A Critical Reader, E D.Jean Yu-Wen Shen Wu And Thomas Chen. Rutgers University.
  • • Smith, Neil. (2002). “New Globalism, New Urbanism: Gentrification as Global Urban Strategy”, Antipode 34, no.3 427-450.
  • • Snow, J. (1857). Cholera, and the Water Supply in the South Districts of London. Bmj, S4-1(42), 864-865. doi:10.1136/bmj.s4-1.42.864
  • • Şengül, Tarık. (2009) Kentsel Çelişki ve Siyaset. Ankara: İmge Yayınevi
  • • WHO. (2020b). Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19).
  • • WHO. (2020c). Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it.
  • • Wilford, John Noble. (2008). “How Epidemics Helped Shape the Modern Metropolis.” The New York Times, April 15. sec. Science.
  • • World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (1997) - Twenty Steps for Developing a Healthy Cities project 3rd Edition. WHO.
  • • World Heath Organization, Health For All.
  • • Yeğen, Mesut. (1999) Devlet Söyleminde Kürt Sorunu. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • • Yılmazçelik, İ., (1993). XIX Yüzyılda Diyarbakır Eyaletinde Yönetim Halk Münasebetleri. Prof.Dr. Bayram Kodaman'a Armağan, (),371-387.
  • • Yuksel, Ayşe Seda. (2012). “Ölçek Literatürü ve Yereli Anlamak: Türkiye’nin Güneydoğusu’nda Neoliberal Deneyim ve Sınıf İlişkileri”,İstanbul: Praksis, 29.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Esra Karadaş 0000-0003-0415-4464

İsmail Ekinci 0000-0002-1434-6593

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Karadaş, E., & Ekinci, İ. (2021). Covid-19 Pandemisi Gölgesinde Sosyo-Mekânsal Eşitsizlikler ve Kent Planlama: Diyarbakır Örneği. İDEALKENT, 12(34), 1582-1613. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.880705