Güvenlikli Siteler Arası Rekabet: “Ahlâklı Kapitalizm”in Kimlik Üzerindeki Etkisi

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6, 124 - 153, 20.04.2018

Başak Tanülkü

Öz

Bu makalede güvenlikli sitelerin dış dünya,
özellikle de diğer sitelerle ilişkileri incelenecektir. Ana akım literatürde
güvenlikli sitelerin daha çok çevre köy/belde belediyeleriyle ilişkileri
araştırılırken, diğer sitelerle ilişkileri az çalışılmış bir alan olarak ortaya
çıkmaktadır. Bu amaçla, İstanbul’da aynı şirket tarafından inşa edilen iki
güvenlikli sitede yapılan alan çalışması sırasında toplanan veriler
kullanılacaktır: Göktürk’teki İstanbul İstanbul ve Ömerli’deki Kasaba. Alan
çalışması sırasında site sakinleriyle yarı-yapılandırılmış derinlemesine mülakatlar
yapılmıştır. İlk olarak farklı güvenlikli siteleri tercih sebepleri ve bunların
dış dünya ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir. İkinci olarak da, 1980’li yıllardan sonra daha
da vahşi bir hale bürünen üst sınıf içi rekabet
tartışılarak, site sakinlerinin kimliklerini, kendini “iyi ahlak” ve “sıcak
ilişkiler”le gösteren “ahlaklı kapitalizm” üzerinden kurmaları açıklanmıştır.
Sonuç olarak, makale, ahlakın kapitalizmde sınıfsal pozisyona bağlı oluştuğunu
göstererek, Lamont’un “sembolik sınırlar” (1992) teorisine katkı yapacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

güvenlikli siteler, kapitalizm ve ahlak, sınıf ve ahlak, sembolik sınırlar

Gated Communities against Each Other: How “Moral Capitalism” Shapes Their Identities

Öz

This paper
examines gated communities’ interactions with the outside realm, particularly
with the other gated communities. The mainstream literature has mainly examined
gated communities’ relations with nearby villages/towns occupied by local
people, while underestimating their relations with other gated communities. For
this purpose, the paper will use data from a field work conducted in two gated
communities built by the same developer company in İstanbul: İstanbul İstanbul,
located in Göktürk and Kasaba, in Ömerli. The field work comprises
semi-structured in-depth interviews with residents in these two communities.
This paper will analise residents’ motives for prefering to live in different
gated communities, and their relations with other gated communities. By
discussing the competition within upper classes which has intensified since the
1980s, this paper will demonstrate how residents establish their identities
around “moral capitalism” by emphasizing “good” morality and “warmer”
relations. Findings and discussion will contribute to Lamont’s “symbolic
boundaries” (1992) approach by showing that morality is associated with class
position embedded in capitalism. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

gated communities, capitalism and morality, class and morality, symbolic boundaries

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