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Neoliberal Kent Dubai: Uluslararası Göç Politikaları, Kentsel Kapanmalar ve Genç Filipinli Göçmenlerin Durumu

Year 2015, Volume: 6 Issue: 15, 40 - 65, 31.01.2015

Abstract

Dubai’de çalışan alt-gelir grubu inşaat ve servis sektörü
çalışanları için ekonomik zorluklar ve toplumsal dışlanma, kent mekanından
güçlü ve kesin bir izolasyonu beraberinde getirir. Öte yandan, profesyonel
sınıflar Dubai’de yaşadıkları “geçicilik hissini”, kentteki tüketim
mekanlarından ve olanaklarından tam olarak faydalanarak aşarlar. Bu iki aşırı
ucun ortasında yer alan, makaleye konu genç, eğitimli, uluslararası iletişim
becerilerine sahip Filipinli göçmenlerin kent algısı ve gündelik yaşamları,
literatürde daha önce derinlemesine olarak ele alınmamıştır.



Bu makale, 2011 yılında, Dubai’nin çok lüks alışveriş merkezlerinde
satış elemanı olarak çalışan yukarıda belirtilen özelliklere sahip Filipinli
gençler (yaşları 20 ila 30 arasında değişen) üzerine yapılan araştırmanın
sonuçlarına dayanır. Bu araştırma çerçevesinde 30 görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın
en önemli amacı, bu göçmenlerin sosyo-mekansal olarak kent ile nasıl bir ilişki
kurduklarını ve Dubai’de çalışıp, yaşamanın getirdiği olanakları ve
kısıtlamaları nasıl algıladıklarını anlamaktı. Araştırma sonuçlarının
gösterdiği gibi, bireysel özelliklerine ve sosyo-mekansal entegrasyon
imkanlarına rağmen, bu göçmenler, Dubai’de çok kısıtlı, izole ve eve kapalı bir
hayat yaşarlar. Neoliberal ekonomi politikalarının şekillendirdiği kentteki kamusal
kapanmalar, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri’nin etnik/sınıfsal ayrımcılığa dayanan
göçmen politikası ve Filipin devletinin göçmen endüstrisini yönetme pratikleri,
bu durumun en önemli yapısal nedenleri olarak ortaya çıkar.

References

  • Ali, S. (2010). Dubai: Gilded Cage. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Christ, S. (2012). Agency and Everyday Knowledge of Filipina Migrants in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Zvi Bekerman and Thomas Geisen (Ed.), International Handbook of Migration, Minorities and Education: Understanding Cultural, Social Differences in Process of Learning içinde. (s.677-695). Springer.
  • Davidson, C. (2008). Dubai: The Vulnerability of Success. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Davis, M. (2007). Sand, Fear and Money in Dubai. Mike Davis and Daniel Bertrand Monk (Ed.), Dreamworlds of Neoliberalism: Evil Paradises içinde (s.48-69). New York and London: The New Press.
  • Demirtaş-Milz, N. (2014). The Young Filipino Migrants Working in Sales in Dubai: Does Cultural Capital Help? Singapore Middle East Papers, 8(1), 1-18.
  • Elsheshtawy, Y. (2008). Transitory Sites: Mapping Dubai’s Forgotten Spaces. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 32(4), 968-988.
  • Elsheshtawy, Y. (2010). Dubai: Behind an Urban Spectacle. London: Routledge.
  • Hodkinson, S. (2012). The New Urban Closures. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, 16(5), 500-518.
  • Hosoda, N. (2013). Kababayan Solidarity? Filipino Communities and Class Relations in United Arab Emirates. Journal of Arabian Studies, 3(1), 18-35.
  • Juan, Jr.E. (2000). Trajectories of the Filipino Diaspora. Ethnic Studies Report, 18(2), 229-238.
  • Khalaf, S. And Alkobaisi, S. (1999). Migrant’s Strategies of Coping and Pat-terns of Accomodation in the Oil-Rich Gulf Societies: Evidence from the UAE. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 26(2), 271-298.
  • Pacione, M. (2005). City Profile: Dubai. Cities, 22, 255-265.
  • Parolin, G. P. (2009). Citizenship in the Arab World: Kin Religion and Nation-State. IMISCOE Research, Amsterdam University Press.
  • Rodriguez, R. M. (2002). Migrant Heroes: Nationalism, Citizenship and the Politics of Filipino Migrant Labor. Citizenship Studies, 6(3), 341-356.
  • Tyner, J. A. (2009). The Philippines: Mobilities, Identities and Globalization. New York and London: Routledge.
  • Weiner, M. (1982). International Migration and Development: Indians in the Persian Gulf. Population and Development, 8(1), 1-36.
  • Zachariah, K.C. (vd.). (2004). Indian Workers in UAE: Employment, Wages and Working Conditions. Economic and Political Weekly, 39(22), 2227-2234.

Neoliberal City Dubai: International Migration Policies, Urban Closures and the Condition of Young Filipino Migrants in the City

Year 2015, Volume: 6 Issue: 15, 40 - 65, 31.01.2015

Abstract

Everyday conditions of economic hardship and social
exclusion produce strong feelings of isolation from city space for low-level
construction/service workers in Dubai. On the other hand, the professional
upper-middle classes seem to transcend their expatriate/outsider (migrant)
position as they embrace advantages of fully integrating with city’s spaces of
consumption and their participation in broader civic life. In-between these two
polar migrant experiences with integration, is situated is situated a third
one, which has not been elaborated in detail in the literature. The conditions
of young Filipino migrants who are university/college graduates and who have
strong international communicational skills are situated in this very broad and
heterogeneous category.



This paper draws upon a research that was conducted in
2011 on young migrants (between ages 20-30) from Philippines with such
qualities who are working in the shopping malls of Dubai as sales personnel.
Within the framework of the research, I conducted 30 in-depth interviews. The
main quest of the research was to understand how these migrants socio-spatially
relate themselves with the city space and perceive the opportunities and
limitations of living and working in Dubai. As the research findings denote,
despite their individual qualities and possibilities of socio-spatial
integration, these young people carry on very isolated and restricted lives
(almost a “forced Filipino diaspora”). It is possible to situate this problem
at the intersection of ethnically based migration policy of UAE, the
repercussions of Philippines’ migration industry and urban closures due to
neoliberal city structuring.

References

  • Ali, S. (2010). Dubai: Gilded Cage. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Christ, S. (2012). Agency and Everyday Knowledge of Filipina Migrants in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Zvi Bekerman and Thomas Geisen (Ed.), International Handbook of Migration, Minorities and Education: Understanding Cultural, Social Differences in Process of Learning içinde. (s.677-695). Springer.
  • Davidson, C. (2008). Dubai: The Vulnerability of Success. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Davis, M. (2007). Sand, Fear and Money in Dubai. Mike Davis and Daniel Bertrand Monk (Ed.), Dreamworlds of Neoliberalism: Evil Paradises içinde (s.48-69). New York and London: The New Press.
  • Demirtaş-Milz, N. (2014). The Young Filipino Migrants Working in Sales in Dubai: Does Cultural Capital Help? Singapore Middle East Papers, 8(1), 1-18.
  • Elsheshtawy, Y. (2008). Transitory Sites: Mapping Dubai’s Forgotten Spaces. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 32(4), 968-988.
  • Elsheshtawy, Y. (2010). Dubai: Behind an Urban Spectacle. London: Routledge.
  • Hodkinson, S. (2012). The New Urban Closures. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, 16(5), 500-518.
  • Hosoda, N. (2013). Kababayan Solidarity? Filipino Communities and Class Relations in United Arab Emirates. Journal of Arabian Studies, 3(1), 18-35.
  • Juan, Jr.E. (2000). Trajectories of the Filipino Diaspora. Ethnic Studies Report, 18(2), 229-238.
  • Khalaf, S. And Alkobaisi, S. (1999). Migrant’s Strategies of Coping and Pat-terns of Accomodation in the Oil-Rich Gulf Societies: Evidence from the UAE. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 26(2), 271-298.
  • Pacione, M. (2005). City Profile: Dubai. Cities, 22, 255-265.
  • Parolin, G. P. (2009). Citizenship in the Arab World: Kin Religion and Nation-State. IMISCOE Research, Amsterdam University Press.
  • Rodriguez, R. M. (2002). Migrant Heroes: Nationalism, Citizenship and the Politics of Filipino Migrant Labor. Citizenship Studies, 6(3), 341-356.
  • Tyner, J. A. (2009). The Philippines: Mobilities, Identities and Globalization. New York and London: Routledge.
  • Weiner, M. (1982). International Migration and Development: Indians in the Persian Gulf. Population and Development, 8(1), 1-36.
  • Zachariah, K.C. (vd.). (2004). Indian Workers in UAE: Employment, Wages and Working Conditions. Economic and Political Weekly, 39(22), 2227-2234.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Neslihan Demirtaş-milz

Publication Date January 31, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 6 Issue: 15

Cite

APA Demirtaş-milz, N. (2015). Neoliberal Kent Dubai: Uluslararası Göç Politikaları, Kentsel Kapanmalar ve Genç Filipinli Göçmenlerin Durumu. İDEALKENT, 6(15), 40-65.