Research Article
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The Moderating Roles of Brand Popularity and Brand Leadership on The Effect of Persuasive Messages Shared by Turkish Airlines on Social Media on Brand Preference and Consumers’ Behavioral Intention

Year 2025, Issue: 38, 65 - 82, 20.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1494182

Abstract

The aim of the study is to reveal moderating roles of brand popularity and brand leadership on the effect of persuasive messages shared by Turkish Airlines on social media on consumers' behavioral intention and brand preference. For this purpose, after conducting extensive literature research in order to examine the effect of persuasive messages shared by Turkish Airlines on social media on brand preference and the effect of brand preference on consumers' behavioral intentions, hypotheses suitable for the purpose of the research were developed and a research model was designed. The developed hypotheses were tested with surveys on 453 participants who live in Turkey and consume Turkish Airlines' social media content. Regression analysis and correlation analysis were performed to test the hypotheses. SPSS24 program was used to analyze the data. The results obtained from the research revealed the effect of persuasive messages shared by Turkish Airlines on social media on consumers' brand preference and the effect of brand preference on consumers'. In addition, it has been determined that brand popularity and brand leadership have a moderating roles on the effect of persuasive messages shared by Turkish Airlines on social media on brand preference and the effect of brand preference on consumers' behavioral intentions.

References

  • Aaker, D. A. (1996). Measuring brand equity across products and markets. California management review, 38(3), 102-120.
  • Aaker, D. A., & Joachimsthaler, E. (1999). The lure of global branding. Harvard business review, 77(6), 137-137.
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1970). 4. The market for ‘lemons’: quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Market Failure or Success, 66.
  • Alpar, R. (2013). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Yöntemler, Detay Yayıncılık Dördüncü baskı.
  • Bhattacherjee, A., & Premkumar, G. (2004). Understanding changes in belief and attitude toward information technology usage: A theoretical model and longitudinal test. MIS Quarterly, 28(2), 229–254.
  • Bhattacherjee, A., & Sanford, C. (2006). Influence processes for information technology acceptance: An elaboration likelihood model. MIS Quarterly, 30(4), 805–825.
  • Binu Raj, A. (2022). Internal branding, employees' brand commitment and moderation role of transformational leadership: an empirical study in Indian telecommunication context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 14(3), 285-308.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Chang, Y. T., Yu, H., & Lu, H. P. (2015). Persuasive messages, popularity cohesion, and message diffusion in social media marketing. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 777-782.
  • Chang, Y., & Ko, Y. J. (2014). The brand leadership: Scale development and validation. Journal of Brand Management, 21, 63-80.
  • Chen, C. F., & Chang, Y. Y. (2008). Airline brand equity, brand preference, and purchase intentions-The moderating effects of switching costs. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(1), 40-42.
  • Chen, C. F., & Myagmarsuren, O. (2011). Brand equity, relationship quality, relationship value, and customer loyalty: Evidence from the telecommunications services. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 22(9), 957-974.
  • Cheung, C.M.K., & Lee, M.K.O. (2010). A theoretical model of intentional social action in online social networks. Decision Support Systems, 49(1), 24–30.
  • Cheung, C.M.K., & Thadani, D.R. (2012). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: A literature analysis and integrative model. Decision Support Systems, 54(1), 461–470.
  • Coulter, K.S., & Punj, G.N. (2004). The effects of cognitive resource requirements, availability, and argument quality on brand attitudes—A melding of elaboration likelihood and cognitive resource matching theories. Journal of Advertising, 33(4), 53–64.
  • Dean, D. H. (1999). Brand endorsement, popularity, and event sponsorship as advertising cues affecting consumer pre-purchase attitudes. Journal of advertising, 28(3), 1-12.
  • Demirel, E. Ü., & Yıldız, E. (2015). Marka Özgünlüğünün Marka Tercihi, Müşteri Tatmini ve Marka Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkileri: Bilgisayar Markaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 11(44), 83-100.
  • De Vriesa, L., Gensler, S., & Leeflang, P.S.H. (2012). Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2), 83–91.
  • Di Blasio, P., & Milani, L. (2008). Computer-mediated communication and persuasion: Peripheral vs. central route to opinion shift. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 798–815.
  • Dwivedi, A. (2015). A higher-order model of consumer brand engagement and its impact on loyalty intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 24, 100-109.
  • Fan, X., Chang, E. C., Zhang, M., & Zhang, Y. (2013). The influence of negative information from a co-brand: The moderating roles of involvement and brand popularity. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(2), 302.
  • Feng, T., Wang, D., Lawton, A., & Luo, B. N. (2019). Customer orientation and firm performance: The joint moderating effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 100, 111-121.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step. A simple study guide and reference (10. Baskı). GEN, Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc, 10, 152-165.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. (2006), Multivariate data analysis, Uppersaddle River, 6th Edition.
  • He, W., Qiao, Q., & Wei, K. K. (2009). Social relationship and its role in knowledge management systems usage. Information & management, 46(3), 175-180.
  • Hellofs, L. L., & Jacobson, R. (1999). Market share and customers’ perceptions of quality: when can firms grow their way to higher versus lower quality?. Journal of marketing, 63(1), 16-25.
  • Hinz, O., Skiera, B., Barrot, C., & Becker, J.U. (2011). Seeding strategies for viral marketing: An empirical comparison. Journal of Marketing, 75(6), 55–71.
  • Ho, J.Y.C., & Dempsey, M. (2010). Viral marketing: Motivations to forward online content. Journal of Business Research, 63(9–10), 1000–1006.
  • Keller, K. L. (2003). Strategic Brand Management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity. Upper Saddle River, NJ.: Prentice Hall.
  • Kim, C. K., & Chung, J. Y. (1997). Brand popularity, country image and market share: an empirical study. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(2), 361-386.
  • Kim, A.J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480–1486.
  • Kim, J. H., & Hyun, Y. J. (2011). A model to investigate the influence of marketing-mix efforts and corporate image on brand equity in the IT software sector. Industrial marketing management, 40(3), 424-438.
  • Kim, J.U., Kim, W.J., & Park, S.C. (2010). Consumer perceptions on web advertisements and motivation factors to purchase in the online shopping. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5), 1208–1222.
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (15thed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Lai, W.T. ve Chen, C.F. (2011). Behavioral intentions of public transit passengers – the roles of service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and involvement. Transport Policy, 18, 318–325.
  • Lee, A.Y., Keller, P.A., & Sternthal, B. (2010). Value from regulatory construal fit: The persuasive impact of fit between consumer goals and message concreteness. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(5), 735–747.
  • Lee, C. S., & Ma, L. (2012). News sharing in social media: The effect of gratifications and prior experience. Computers in human behavior, 28(2), 331-339.
  • Lee, G., & Xia, W. (2011). A longitudinal experimental study on the interaction effects of persuasion quality, user training, and first-hand use on user perceptions of new information technology. Information & Management, 48(7), 288–295.
  • Miller, K. W., & Mills, M. K. (2012). Contributing clarity by examining brand luxury in the fashion market. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1471-1479.
  • Moen, Ø., Havro, L. J., & Bjering, E. (2017). Online consumers reviews: Examining the moderating effects of product type and product popularity on the review impact on sales. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1368114.
  • Mun, Y. Y., Jackson, J. D., Park, J. S., & Probst, J. C. (2006). Understanding information technology acceptance by individual professionals: Toward an integrative view. Information & management, 43(3), 350-363.
  • Park, C., & Lee, T.M. (2009). Information direction, website reputation and eWOM effect: A moderating role of product type. Journal of Business Research, 62(1), 61–67.
  • Park, D. -H., & Kim, S. (2008). The effects of consumer knowledge on message processing of electronic word-of-mouth via online consumer reviews. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7(4), 399–410.
  • Petty, R.E., & Cacioppo, J.T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York, MA: Springer-Verlag.
  • Rao, A. R., & Ruekert, R. W. (1994). Brand alliances as signals of product quality. Sloan management review, 36, 87-87.
  • Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (2000). The positive effect of a market orientation on business profitability: A balanced replication. Journal of business research, 48(1), 69-73.
  • Spence, M. (1974). Competitive and optimal responses to signals: An analysis of efficiency and distribution. Journal of Economic theory, 7(3), 296-332.
  • Truong, Y., McColl, R., & Kitchen, P. J. (2010). Uncovering the relationship between aspi- rations and luxury brand preferences. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 19(5), 346–355.
  • Vera, J. (2015). Perceived brand quality as a way to superior customer perceived value crossing by moderating effects. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 24(2), 147-156.
  • Verhagen, T., Feldberg, F., van den Hooff, B., Meents, S., & Merikivi, J. (2012). Understanding users’ motivations to engage in virtual worlds: A multipurpose model and empirical testing. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 484-495.
  • Vraneševic, T., & Stančec, R. (2003). The effect of the brand on perceived quality of food products. British food journal, 105(11), 811-825.
  • Wei, Z. (2022). Impact of Organizational Brand-Building Strategies on Organizational Brand Equity: A Moderating Role of Brand-Oriented Leadership. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 919054.
  • Yang, T.N. (2012). The decision behavior of Facebook users. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 52(3), 50–59.

Türk Hava Yolları’nın Sosyal Medyada Paylaştığı İkna Edici Mesajların Marka Tercihi ve Tüketicilerin Davranışsal Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinde Marka Popülerliğinin ve Marka Liderliğinin Düzenleyici Rolü

Year 2025, Issue: 38, 65 - 82, 20.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1494182

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı, Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medyada paylaştığı ikna edici mesajların tüketicilerin davranışsal niyeti ve marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisinde marka popülerliğinin ve marka liderliğinin düzenleyici rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medyada paylaştığı ikna edici mesajların marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisini ve marka tercihinin tüketicilerin davranışsal niyeti üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla geniş çaplı literatür araştırması yapıldıktan sonra araştırmanın amacına uygun hipotezler geliştirilmiş ve araştırma modeli tasarlanmıştır. Geliştirilen hipotezler Türkiye’de yaşamakta olan ve Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medya içeriklerini tüketen katılımcılar arasından 453 kişi üzerinde uygulanan anketlerle test edilmiştir. Hipotezleri test etmek için regresyon analizi ve korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS24 programı ve kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medyada paylaştığı ikna edici mesajların tüketicilerin marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisini ve marka tercihinin tüketicilerin davranışsal niyeti üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, Türk Hava Yolları’nın sosyal medyada paylaştığı ikna edici mesajların marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisinde ve marka tercihinin tüketicilerin davranışsal niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde marka popülerliğinin ve marka liderliğinin düzenleyici role sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.

References

  • Aaker, D. A. (1996). Measuring brand equity across products and markets. California management review, 38(3), 102-120.
  • Aaker, D. A., & Joachimsthaler, E. (1999). The lure of global branding. Harvard business review, 77(6), 137-137.
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1970). 4. The market for ‘lemons’: quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Market Failure or Success, 66.
  • Alpar, R. (2013). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Yöntemler, Detay Yayıncılık Dördüncü baskı.
  • Bhattacherjee, A., & Premkumar, G. (2004). Understanding changes in belief and attitude toward information technology usage: A theoretical model and longitudinal test. MIS Quarterly, 28(2), 229–254.
  • Bhattacherjee, A., & Sanford, C. (2006). Influence processes for information technology acceptance: An elaboration likelihood model. MIS Quarterly, 30(4), 805–825.
  • Binu Raj, A. (2022). Internal branding, employees' brand commitment and moderation role of transformational leadership: an empirical study in Indian telecommunication context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 14(3), 285-308.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Chang, Y. T., Yu, H., & Lu, H. P. (2015). Persuasive messages, popularity cohesion, and message diffusion in social media marketing. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 777-782.
  • Chang, Y., & Ko, Y. J. (2014). The brand leadership: Scale development and validation. Journal of Brand Management, 21, 63-80.
  • Chen, C. F., & Chang, Y. Y. (2008). Airline brand equity, brand preference, and purchase intentions-The moderating effects of switching costs. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(1), 40-42.
  • Chen, C. F., & Myagmarsuren, O. (2011). Brand equity, relationship quality, relationship value, and customer loyalty: Evidence from the telecommunications services. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 22(9), 957-974.
  • Cheung, C.M.K., & Lee, M.K.O. (2010). A theoretical model of intentional social action in online social networks. Decision Support Systems, 49(1), 24–30.
  • Cheung, C.M.K., & Thadani, D.R. (2012). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: A literature analysis and integrative model. Decision Support Systems, 54(1), 461–470.
  • Coulter, K.S., & Punj, G.N. (2004). The effects of cognitive resource requirements, availability, and argument quality on brand attitudes—A melding of elaboration likelihood and cognitive resource matching theories. Journal of Advertising, 33(4), 53–64.
  • Dean, D. H. (1999). Brand endorsement, popularity, and event sponsorship as advertising cues affecting consumer pre-purchase attitudes. Journal of advertising, 28(3), 1-12.
  • Demirel, E. Ü., & Yıldız, E. (2015). Marka Özgünlüğünün Marka Tercihi, Müşteri Tatmini ve Marka Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkileri: Bilgisayar Markaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 11(44), 83-100.
  • De Vriesa, L., Gensler, S., & Leeflang, P.S.H. (2012). Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2), 83–91.
  • Di Blasio, P., & Milani, L. (2008). Computer-mediated communication and persuasion: Peripheral vs. central route to opinion shift. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 798–815.
  • Dwivedi, A. (2015). A higher-order model of consumer brand engagement and its impact on loyalty intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 24, 100-109.
  • Fan, X., Chang, E. C., Zhang, M., & Zhang, Y. (2013). The influence of negative information from a co-brand: The moderating roles of involvement and brand popularity. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(2), 302.
  • Feng, T., Wang, D., Lawton, A., & Luo, B. N. (2019). Customer orientation and firm performance: The joint moderating effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 100, 111-121.
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step. A simple study guide and reference (10. Baskı). GEN, Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc, 10, 152-165.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. (2006), Multivariate data analysis, Uppersaddle River, 6th Edition.
  • He, W., Qiao, Q., & Wei, K. K. (2009). Social relationship and its role in knowledge management systems usage. Information & management, 46(3), 175-180.
  • Hellofs, L. L., & Jacobson, R. (1999). Market share and customers’ perceptions of quality: when can firms grow their way to higher versus lower quality?. Journal of marketing, 63(1), 16-25.
  • Hinz, O., Skiera, B., Barrot, C., & Becker, J.U. (2011). Seeding strategies for viral marketing: An empirical comparison. Journal of Marketing, 75(6), 55–71.
  • Ho, J.Y.C., & Dempsey, M. (2010). Viral marketing: Motivations to forward online content. Journal of Business Research, 63(9–10), 1000–1006.
  • Keller, K. L. (2003). Strategic Brand Management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity. Upper Saddle River, NJ.: Prentice Hall.
  • Kim, C. K., & Chung, J. Y. (1997). Brand popularity, country image and market share: an empirical study. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(2), 361-386.
  • Kim, A.J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480–1486.
  • Kim, J. H., & Hyun, Y. J. (2011). A model to investigate the influence of marketing-mix efforts and corporate image on brand equity in the IT software sector. Industrial marketing management, 40(3), 424-438.
  • Kim, J.U., Kim, W.J., & Park, S.C. (2010). Consumer perceptions on web advertisements and motivation factors to purchase in the online shopping. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5), 1208–1222.
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (15thed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Lai, W.T. ve Chen, C.F. (2011). Behavioral intentions of public transit passengers – the roles of service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and involvement. Transport Policy, 18, 318–325.
  • Lee, A.Y., Keller, P.A., & Sternthal, B. (2010). Value from regulatory construal fit: The persuasive impact of fit between consumer goals and message concreteness. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(5), 735–747.
  • Lee, C. S., & Ma, L. (2012). News sharing in social media: The effect of gratifications and prior experience. Computers in human behavior, 28(2), 331-339.
  • Lee, G., & Xia, W. (2011). A longitudinal experimental study on the interaction effects of persuasion quality, user training, and first-hand use on user perceptions of new information technology. Information & Management, 48(7), 288–295.
  • Miller, K. W., & Mills, M. K. (2012). Contributing clarity by examining brand luxury in the fashion market. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1471-1479.
  • Moen, Ø., Havro, L. J., & Bjering, E. (2017). Online consumers reviews: Examining the moderating effects of product type and product popularity on the review impact on sales. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1368114.
  • Mun, Y. Y., Jackson, J. D., Park, J. S., & Probst, J. C. (2006). Understanding information technology acceptance by individual professionals: Toward an integrative view. Information & management, 43(3), 350-363.
  • Park, C., & Lee, T.M. (2009). Information direction, website reputation and eWOM effect: A moderating role of product type. Journal of Business Research, 62(1), 61–67.
  • Park, D. -H., & Kim, S. (2008). The effects of consumer knowledge on message processing of electronic word-of-mouth via online consumer reviews. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 7(4), 399–410.
  • Petty, R.E., & Cacioppo, J.T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York, MA: Springer-Verlag.
  • Rao, A. R., & Ruekert, R. W. (1994). Brand alliances as signals of product quality. Sloan management review, 36, 87-87.
  • Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (2000). The positive effect of a market orientation on business profitability: A balanced replication. Journal of business research, 48(1), 69-73.
  • Spence, M. (1974). Competitive and optimal responses to signals: An analysis of efficiency and distribution. Journal of Economic theory, 7(3), 296-332.
  • Truong, Y., McColl, R., & Kitchen, P. J. (2010). Uncovering the relationship between aspi- rations and luxury brand preferences. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 19(5), 346–355.
  • Vera, J. (2015). Perceived brand quality as a way to superior customer perceived value crossing by moderating effects. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 24(2), 147-156.
  • Verhagen, T., Feldberg, F., van den Hooff, B., Meents, S., & Merikivi, J. (2012). Understanding users’ motivations to engage in virtual worlds: A multipurpose model and empirical testing. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 484-495.
  • Vraneševic, T., & Stančec, R. (2003). The effect of the brand on perceived quality of food products. British food journal, 105(11), 811-825.
  • Wei, Z. (2022). Impact of Organizational Brand-Building Strategies on Organizational Brand Equity: A Moderating Role of Brand-Oriented Leadership. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 919054.
  • Yang, T.N. (2012). The decision behavior of Facebook users. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 52(3), 50–59.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Social Media Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Parisa Alizade 0000-0001-9972-6079

Mehmet Emin Begtimur 0000-0003-4458-3976

Publication Date January 20, 2025
Submission Date June 1, 2024
Acceptance Date November 18, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 38

Cite

APA Alizade, P., & Begtimur, M. E. (2025). Türk Hava Yolları’nın Sosyal Medyada Paylaştığı İkna Edici Mesajların Marka Tercihi ve Tüketicilerin Davranışsal Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinde Marka Popülerliğinin ve Marka Liderliğinin Düzenleyici Rolü. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(38), 65-82. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1494182