Hizmet Robotlarının Tasarımı ve Antropomorfik Özellikleri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2025, Issue: 40, 53 - 76, 15.10.2025

Dilber Nilay Kütahyalı , Bülent Yıldız , Ertuğrul Çavdar

https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1696483

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hizmet robotlarının antropomorfik (insan benzeri) tasarım özelliklerine yönelik toplumsal algıyı incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte, hizmet sektöründe yaygınlaşan robotların, insan benzeri fiziksel, işlevsel ve içsel özelliklerle donatılması, insan-robot etkileşimini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Araştırma kapsamında, farklı yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim ve meslek gruplarından 142 katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara robot algısı, hizmet alanları, insansı tasarım özellikleri ve yapay zekâya dair sorular yöneltilmiştir. Bulgular, hizmet robotlarının genel olarak işleri kolaylaştıran, programlanmış, otonom ve yapay zekâ temelli sistemler olarak algılandığını ortaya koymuştur. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu, robotların ses ve yapay zekâ özelliklerine olumlu yaklaşırken; doku ve bedenin insan benzeri olmasına yönelik daha temkinli ve olumsuz değerlendirmeler sunmuştur. Robotların insansı hareketleri, yüz ifadeleri ve sesleri, sosyallik, güven ve işlevsellik gibi boyutlarda önemli etkiler yaratmakta; özellikle uyum sağlama, etkileşim ve doğal algı oluşturma açısından olumlu katkılar sunmaktadır. Öte yandan, bazı katılımcılar bu özelliklerin tuhaflık, kimlik tehdidi veya mahremiyet ihlali gibi riskler barındırdığını ifade etmiştir. Tasarım önerileri bağlamında, robotların kullanım amacına uygun ve ergonomik biçimde tasarlanmasının önemi vurgulanmış, insan benzeri tasarımın gerekliliğine dair görüşler çeşitlilik göstermiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, hizmet robotlarının kabul edilebilirliğini artırmak adına, antropomorfik tasarım unsurlarının dikkatli ve dengeli biçimde kurgulanması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Antropomorfizm , hizmet robotları , insan-robot etkileşimi , robot tasarımı , yapay zekâ

A Qualitative Study on the Design and Anthropomorphic Features of Service Robots

Abstract

This study aims to examine societal perceptions of anthropomorphic (human-like) design features in service robots. With technological advancements, the increasing use of robots in the service sector has made their human-like physical, functional, and emotional attributes critical in shaping human-robot interaction. Within this context, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 142 participants from diverse age, gender, education, and occupational backgrounds. The participants were asked about their perceptions of robots, suitable application areas, anthropomorphic design features, and artificial intelligence. Findings reveal that service robots are generally perceived as programmed, autonomous machines designed to facilitate tasks and equipped with advanced technology and artificial intelligence. While most participants expressed positive views toward robots having voice and AI capabilities, there was more hesitation and negative feedback regarding human-like body structure and skin texture. Features such as facial expressions, voice, and human-like movement were found to enhance perceived sociability, trust, and functionality, particularly contributing to users’ adaptation, interaction, and perception of naturalness. However, some participants also highlighted concerns such as uncanny feelings, identity threat, and privacy issues. In terms of design preferences, participants emphasized the importance of aligning the robot's appearance with its intended purpose and functionality. While some supported human-like aesthetics, others advocated for unique and ergonomic designs. Overall, the findings suggest that anthropomorphic design elements in service robots should be implemented carefully and in balance to enhance social acceptance and user comfort.

Keywords

Anthropomorphism , service robots , human-robot interaction , robot design , artificial intelligence

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