Kapsamdışı İlaçlara Erişimin Kısır Döngüsü: Nitel Bir Çalışmadan Elde Edilen Kanıtlar

Year 2025, Issue: 26, 534 - 550, 31.08.2025

Haşim Çapar

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1673550

Abstract

Amaç: Yurtdışından cepten ödemelerle temin edilen ilaçlar, yerel tedavi seçeneklerine kıyasla genellikle daha pahalıdır ve ilaçlar getirildiğinde bile süreç daha da uzar. Bu durum, hem satın alma gücü olanlar hem de olmayanlar için bir kısır döngü yaratır. Bu çalışma, yurtdışından temin edilen ilaçlara erişimle ilgili zorlukları incelemeyi ve paydaşlara bu zorluklara kanıta dayalı çözümler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de ilaçlara erişimde zorluklarla ilgili 68 hastanın şikayetleriyle nitel içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görsel analizler MAXQDA programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hasta ifadelerinde en sık karşılaşılan temalar "mağduriyet", "iletişim sorunları", "ilaç tedarikindeki gecikmeler" ve "yetkili ve politikacıları adres gösterme"dir. Genetik bozuklukları, dermatolojik rahatsızlıkları, organ nakli geçirenleri, kanser, nörolojik hastalıklar, kardiyovasküler sorunlar, romatolojik rahatsızlıklar ve psikiyatrik veya bağımlılıkla ilgili bozukluklardan muzdarip hastalar, ilaç tedarikindeki gecikmelerin tedavilerini engellediğini veya kesintiye uğramaya zorladığını bildirmişlerdir. Ek olarak, hastalar yabancı ilaç tedarik birimleriyle devam eden iletişim sorunlarını belirtmiş, ilaçlara erişimde zorluklar yaşadıklarını ve tedavi alamadıkları için hayal kırıklığı yaşadıklarını ifade etmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Bu sorunlara çözüm arayışında, genellikle yetkilileri ve politikacıları sorumlu tutmuşlardır. Bu bulgu, ilaç tedarik birimleri ile hastalar arasında daha etkili bir iletişim ağına duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Hasta ihtiyaçlarını hızlı bir şekilde karşılamak ve süreçleri daha anlaşılır hale getirmek için yeni bir sistem veya mevcut sistemin yeniden düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Hastalar, yurt dışından ilaç tedarikiyle ilgili bilgi eksikliği konusunda endişelerini dile getirmişlerdir.

Keywords

İlaç erişimi , satın alınabilirlik , MAXQDA , Türkiye

A Vicious Cycle of Access to Excluded Medicines: Evidence from a Qualitative Study

Abstract

Aim: Medications procured through out-of-pocket payments from abroad are often more expensive compared to local treatment options, and the process is further prolonged even when medications are brought in. This situation generates a vicious cycle for both those with purchasing power and those without. This study aims to examine the challenges associated with accessing medications procured from abroad and to provide stakeholders with evidence-based solutions to these challenges.
Method: This study was conducted using a qualitative content analysis method with complaints of 68 patients in Türkiye about challenge to access their medications. Visual analyses were conducted using the MAXQDA program.
Results: The most frequently encountered themes in patient statements are "victimization," "communication issues", "delays in medicine supply," and "addressing authorities to politicians." Patients with genetic disorders, dermatological conditions, those undergoing transplants, as well as individuals suffering from cancer, neurological diseases, cardiovascular issues, rheumatological conditions, and psychiatric or addiction-related disorders reported that delays in medication supply hindered their treatments or forced them to discontinue them. Additionally, patients indicated ongoing communication problems with foreign drug supply units, expressing difficulties in accessing medications and frustration due to their inability to receive treatment.
Conclusion: In seeking solutions to these issues, they often held authorities and politicians accountable. This finding highlights the need for a more effective communication network between drug supply units and patients. A new system or reorganization of the current system is necessary to quickly address patient needs and make processes more understandable. Patients have expressed concerns about a lack of information regarding drug supply abroad.

Keywords

Access to medication , affordability , MAXQDA , Türkiye

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