Çin’in Nükleer Askeri Stratejisi ve Ulusal Güvenliği

Yıl 2016, , 151 - 185, 08.04.2016

Samet Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.68576

Öz

Düşmana dayanılmaz zararlar verebilme kapasitesine sahip olan nükleer silahlar 1945 yılından günümüze, uluslararası politikanın temel meselelerinden biridir. 1945 yılında yalnızca ABD nükleer silahlara sahipken, bu tarihten sonra nükleer silaha sahip devletlerin sayısı artmıştır. Nükleer silaha sahip devletler, materyal kapasiteleri ve uluslararası politikadaki konumlarıyla uyumlu bir şekilde inandırıcı ve etkili bir nükleer caydırıcılık oluşturabilmek için optimal nükleer askeri stratejiyi belirlemeye çalışmışlardır. İlk nükleer denemesini 1964 yılında gerçekleştiren Çin, ulusal bütünlüğünü korumak ve güvenliğini sağlamak amacıyla hem nükleer kapasitesini arttırmaya hem de en uygun nükleer caydırıcılık stratejisini geliştirmeye gayret etmiştir. Ancak Çinli yetkililer, 1980’lerin ortalarına değin tutarlı ve müstakil bir nükleer askeri strateji geliştirememiştir. Çalışmada Çin’in nükleer askeri stratejisi ve kapasitesi, Alastair Iain Johnston tarafından işlemsel hale getirilen sınırlı caydırıcılık kavramsallaştırması çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Bu bağlamda nükleer caydırıcılık stratejisinin, Çin’in ulusal güvenlik meseleleri üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilecektir.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Nükleer Silahlar, Caydırıcılık, Sınırlı Caydırıcılık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Nükleer Silahlar, Caydırıcılık, Sınırlı Caydırıcılık

The Nuclear Military Strategy of China and Its National Security

Öz

Nuclear weapons, with their unbearable damage capacity, have been one of the fundamental issues of international politics since 1945. In 1945, only the USA had nuclear weapons but then, the number of nuclear weapon states has increased. Nuclear weapon states have tried to determine optimal nuclear military strategies in accordance with their material capacity and political situation in world politics so as to create a credible and effective nuclear deterrence. China, having made its first nuclear test in 1964, has sought for both improving its nuclear capability and making up for optimal nuclear deterrence strategy in order to secure its well-being.  However, Chinese officials could not develop a coherent and exclusive nuclear military strategy until the midst of 1980s. In this paper, Chinese nuclear military strategy and capability will be handled within the framework of limited deterrence outlined by Alastair Iain Johnston. In this sense, Chinese nuclear military strategy and its effects on Chinese national security issues will be analyzed in terms of limited deterrence.

 

Keywords: People’s Republic of China, Nuclear Weapons, Deterrence, Limited Deterrence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

People’s Republic of China, Nuclear Weapons, Deterrence, Limited Deterrence

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