Research Article
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The Effect of Employees’ Perception of Paternalistic Leadership on Collective Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Intrinsic Motivation

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: Özel Sayı, 159 - 181, 28.10.2025

Abstract

This research, which is built on Bandura’s social cognitive theory and has a quantitative and empirical design, aims to determine the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the effect of paternalistic leadership perception on collective efficacy, based on the questions “Do employees’ paternalistic leadership perceptions affect their collective efficacy?” and “Is there a mediating role of intrinsic motivation in a possible effect?” For this purpose, data were collected from 367 employees working in the center and districts of Konya province using the survey method. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 29 and AMOS 24 programs. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that employees’ paternalistic leadership perceptions had a positive and significant effect on their collective efficacy perceptions, while employees’ intrinsic motivation perceptions played a mediating role in this effect. It is hoped that these findings will contribute to the national literature and provide a basis for discussion for future studies.

Ethical Statement

Ethical guidelines have been adhered to in the research.

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK

References

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Çalışanlarda Paternalist Liderlik Algısının Kolektif Yeterlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: İçsel Motivasyonun Aracılık Rolü

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: Özel Sayı, 159 - 181, 28.10.2025

Abstract

Bandura’nın sosyal bilişsel kuramı üzerine inşa edilen, nicel ve görgül bir tasarıma sahip bu araştırmada, “Çalışanların paternalist liderlik algıları kolektif yeterliklerini etkiler mi?”, “Muhtemel bir etkide içsel motivasyonun aracı rolü var mıdır?” sorularından hareketle paternalist liderlik algısının kolektif yeterlik üzerindeki etkisinde içsel motivasyonun aracılık rolünün belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda veriler, Konya ili merkez ve ilçelerinde görev yapan 367 çalışandan anket yöntemi ile toplanmış ve veriler, SPSS 29 ve AMOS 24 programları aracılığıyla analizlere tabi tutulmuştur. Analiz bulgularına göre çalışanların paternalist liderlik algılarının kolektif yeterlik algıları üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu tespit edilirken, bu etkide çalışanların içsel motivasyon algılarının aracılık rolü üstlendiği ortaya konulmuştur. Bu bulgular ile araştırmanın ulusal literatüre katkı sağlaması ve sonraki çalışmalar için tartışma potansiyeli oluşturması umulmaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Araştırmada etik kurallara riayet edilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK (2224-B)

References

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  • Aydemir Dev, M., Aral, N., Sarac, M. & Bayram Arli, N. (2022). İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeğinin Türkçe Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Business and Economics Research Journal, 13(1), 59-73.
  • Bande, B., Fernández-Ferrín, P., Varela-Neira, C. & Otero-Neira, C. (2016). Exploring The Relationship among Servant Leadership, Intrinsic Motivation and Performance in an Industrial Sales Setting. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 31(2), 219-231.
  • Bandura A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. W. H. Freeman and Company.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory, Prentice-Hall.
  • Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1-26.
  • Bandura, A. & Locke, E. A. (2003). Negative Self-Efficacy and Goal Effects Revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(1), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.87
  • Bruton, A. M., Mellalieu, S. D. & Shearer, D. A. (2016). Observation as a Method to Enhance Collective Efficacy: An Integrative Review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 24, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.01.002
  • Chan, S. C. H. (2024). Paternalistic Leadership, Efficacy Beliefs and Followers’ Performance: Testing a Multilevel Model. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(3), 442-460. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-04-2022-0175
  • Chen, X. P., Eberly, M. B., Chiang, T. J., Farh, J. L. & Cheng, B. S. (2014). Affective Trust in Chinese Leaders: Linking Paternalistic Leadership to Employee Performance. Journal of Management, 40(3), 796-819
  • Chen, Y., Zhou, X. & Klyver, K. (2019). Collective Efficacy: Linking Paternalistic Leadership to Organizational Commitment. Journal of Business Ethics, 159, 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-3847-9
  • Cheng, B. S., Chou, L. F., Huang, M. P. & Farh, J. L. (2004). Patenalistic Leadership and Subordinate Responses: Establishing a Leadership Model in Chinese Organizations. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7, 89-117.
  • Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7
  • Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Human Autonomy: The Basis for True Self-Esteem. In M. H. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 31-49). New York: Plenum Press.
  • Farh, J. L. & Cheng, B. S. (2000). A Cultural Analysis of Paternalistic Leadership in Chinese Organizations. In J. T. Li, A. S. Tsui, & E. Weldon (Eds.), Management and organizations in the Chinese context (pp. 84-127). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230511590_5
  • Fishbach, A. & Woolley, K. (2022). The Structure of Intrinsic Motivation. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 9, 339-363.
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Gagn´e, M. & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-Determination Theory and Work Motivation. Journal Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331-362.
  • George, D. & Mallery, P. (2024). IBM SPSS Statistics 29 Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference. Routledge.
  • Gist, M. E. (1987). Self-efficacy: Implications for Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management. The Academy of Management Review, 12(3), 472-485. https://doi.org/10.2307/258514
  • Grant, A. M. (2008). Does Intrinsic Motivation Fuel the Prosocial Fire? Motivational Synergy in Predicting Persistence, Performance, and Productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 48-58.
  • Grouzet, F. M. E., Kasser, T., Ahuvia, A., Dols, J. M. F., Kim, Y., Lau, S., Ryan, R. M., Saunders, S., Schmuck, P. & Sheldon, K. M. (2005). The Structure of Goal Contents Across 15 Cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(5), 800-816.
  • Haibo, W. & Haibo, W. (2025). Is Being Intrinsically Motivated a Mixed Blessing? The Differential Effects of Daily Intrinsic Motivation on Employee Functioning. Tourism Management, 107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2024.105073
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. Cengage Learning EMEA. Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis, A Regression-Based Approach. The Guilford Press.
  • He, G., An, R. & Hewlin, P. F. (2019). Paternalistic Leadership and Employee Well-Being: a Moderated Mediation Model. Chinese Manage. Stud., 13 (3), 645-663.
  • Hennessey, B. A. & Amabile, T. M. (2005). Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation. In N. Nicholson, P. G. Audia, & M. M. Pillutla (Eds.), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management (2nd ed., Vol. 11, Organizational Behavior, pp. 139-140). Blackwell Publishing.
  • Herlambang, M. B., Cnossen, F. & Taatgen, N. A. (2021). The Effects of Intrinsic Motivation on Mental Fatigue. PLoS One, 16(1), 0243754.
  • Hu, L. T. & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Huck, S.W. (2012). Reading Statistics and Research. Boston: Pearson.
  • Ilies, R., Wagner, D., Wilson, K., Ceja, L., Johnson, M., DeRue, S. & Ilgen, D. (2017). Flow at Work and Basic Psychological Needs: Effects on Well-being. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 66(1), 3-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12075
  • Illia, L., Bonaiuto, M., Pugliese, E. & Johan van Rekom van R. (2011). Managing Membership Threats Through Collective Efficacy, Journal of Business Research, 64(6), 631-639, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.Jbusres.2010.06.003.
  • Joanes, D. N. & Gill, C. A. (1998). Comparing Measures of Sample Skewness and Kurtosis. The Statistician, 47(1), 183-189. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9884.00122
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
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There are 77 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Leadership, Organizational Culture, Organisational Behaviour
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Abdullah Yılmaz 0000-0002-7443-6064

Ertuğrul Tekin 0000-0001-8485-7316

Publication Date October 28, 2025
Submission Date March 14, 2025
Acceptance Date September 23, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 27 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA Yılmaz, A., & Tekin, E. (2025). Çalışanlarda Paternalist Liderlik Algısının Kolektif Yeterlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: İçsel Motivasyonun Aracılık Rolü. Kastamonu Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(Özel Sayı), 159-181. https://doi.org/10.21180/iibfdkastamonu.1658259