Çalışanların Tekno-Stres Ve Psikolojik İyi Oluşları Arasındaki İlişkide Yaşamda Anlamın Aracılık Rolü
Year 2025,
Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 145 - 164, 29.10.2025
Şener Özen
,
Selami Güney
Abstract
Bu çalışma, tekno-stres ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide yaşamda anlamın aracı rolünü incelemiştir. Erzurum ve Erzincan illerinde çalışan muhasebeci ve mali müşavirlerden toplanan veriler, Yaşamın Anlamı, Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Teknostres Ölçeği ile elde edilmiş ve Hayes’in Paralel Aracılık Modeli (Model 4) ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, tekno-belirsizliğin psikolojik iyi oluş üzerinde toplamda -0,308’lik (p < 0,001) olumsuz bir etkisi olduğunu ve bu etkinin büyük ölçüde mevcut anlam aracılığıyla gerçekleştiğini (dolaylı etki: -0,203, p < 0,001) ortaya koymuştur. Tekno-iş yükü ve tekno-karmaşıklık da benzer şekilde mevcut anlam ve anlam arayışını azaltarak psikolojik iyi oluşu olumsuz etkilemiştir. Mevcut anlam güçlü bir aracı rol oynarken, anlam arayışının etkisi daha sınırlı bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, bireylerin yaşamda anlam bulma kapasitelerinin artırılmasının, tekno-stresin olumsuz etkilerini hafifletebileceğini göstermektedir.
Ethical Statement
İnsan katılımcıları içeren çalışmalarda gerçekleştirilen tüm prosedürler, kurumsal ve / veya ulusal araştırma komitesinin etik standartlarına ve 1964 Helsinki deklarasyonuna ve daha sonraki değişikliklerine veya karşılaştırılabilir etik standartlara uygundur.
Bu araştırma için Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu’ndan 23/06/2023 tarih ve 2023/06-10 sayılı karar numarası ile Etik Kurul Onayı alınmıştır.
Supporting Institution
Bu çalışma, kamu, ticari veya kar amacı gütmeyen kuruluşlar gibi herhangi bir organizasyondan destek almamıştır.
References
-
Alam, M. A. (2016). Techno-stress and productivity: Survey evidence from the aviation industry. Journal of Air Transport Management, 50, 62-70.
-
Boyer-Davis, S. (2019). Technostress in accounting professionals: A quantitative examination of the differences between managers and non-managers. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 19(2), 25-41.
-
Brod, C. (1984). Technostress: The human cost of the computer revolution. Addison-Wesley.
-
Brown, J. S., & Duguid, P. (2001). The social life of information. Harvard Educational Review, 71(1), 151-152.
-
Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (3rd ed.). Routledge.
-
Chan, X., Shang, S., Brough, P., Wilkinson, A., & Lu, C. (2022). Work, life and COVID‐19: A rapid review and practical recommendations for the post‐pandemic workplace. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 61(2), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12355
-
Cropanzano, R., & Wright, T. A. (2001). When a “happy” worker is really a “productive” worker: A review and further refinement of the happy-productive worker thesis. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 53(3), 182–199.
-
Czyżowska, N., & Gurba, E. (2021). "Enhancing Meaning in Life and Psychological Well-Being Among a European Cohort of Young Adults via a Gratitude Intervention." Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 751081.
-
Diener, E., Tay, L., & Myers, D. G. (2010). The religion paradox: If religion makes people happy, why are so many dropping out? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(6), 1278-1290.
-
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 39(2), 247-266.
-
Ekşi, H., Boyalı, C., & Ümmet, D. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarının spiritüel iyi oluş ile yaşamda anlam değişkenlerinin psikolojik dayanıklılığı yordaması: Bir yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) denemesi. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(4), 1695-1704.
-
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1),39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
-
Frankl, V. E. (1985). Man's search for meaning (Rev. ed.). Washington Square Press.
-
González-López, Ó. R., Buenadicha-Mateos, M. ve Sánchez-Hernández, M. I. (2021). Overwhelmed by technostress? Sensitive archetypes and effects in times of forced digitalization. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(08), 4216.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. The Guilford Press.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40.
-
Jimmy, V. C., Mohamed, S., Hussein, N., Anwar, N. A., & Dahalan, N. A. (2023). Technostress Creators and Employee’s Well-Being at a Telecommunication Company in Sarawak, Malaysia. Information Management and Business Review, 15(3 (SI)), 329-343.
-
Ju, H., Shin, J. W., Kim, C. W., Hyun, M. H., & Park, J. W. (2013). Mediational effect of meaning in life on the relationship between optimism and well-being in community elderly. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 56(2), 309-313.
-
Khedhaouria, A., & Cucchi, A. (2019). Technostress creators and job burnout: A fuzzy-set configurational analysis. Journal of Business Research, 101, 349-361.
-
Kızıl, M. (2016). İzmir 112 Ambulanslarinda Çalişan Paramedik Ve Acil Tip Teknisyenlerinin Anksiyete Düzeyleri Ve İş Stresörleri. Hastane Öncesi Dergisi, 1(1), 43-54.
-
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (4th ed.). The Guilford Press.
-
Kräft, J., Wirth, T., Harth, V., & Mache, S. (2024). Digital stress perception among German hospital nurses and associations with health-oriented leadership, emotional exhaustion and work-privacy conflict: a cross-sectional study. BMC nursing, 23(1), 213.
-
Krok, D., & Telka, M. (2019). Meaning in life and its associations with subjective and psychological well-being: The mediating role of optimism. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 105–113.
-
Li, Y., & Wu, D. (2025). Creativity and Well-Being Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life. The Journal of Psychology, 159(1), 1-16.
-
Liang, H., & Xue, Y. (2009). Avoidance of information technology threats: A theoretical perspective. MIS Quarterly, 33(1), 71–90.
-
Lindell, M. K., & Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 114-121.
-
Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (2011). Meaning in Life and Posttraumatic Growth. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 16(2), 150–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2010.519287
-
Moore, J. E. (2000). One road to turnover: An examination of work exhaustion in technology professionals. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), 141–168.
-
Park, C. L. (2010). Making sense of the meaning literature: an integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological bulletin, 136(2), 257.
-
Parvizi, G., & Özabacı, N. (2022). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Yaşam Doyumlarının Yordayıcısı Olarak Bilişsel Esnekliğin Rolü. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 65-81.
-
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531-544.
-
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 8(5), 879-903.
-
Reinke, WM, Herman, KC, Stormont, M. ve Ghasemi, F. (2025). Öğretmen Stresi, Başa Çıkma, Tükenmişlik ve Sahayı Terk Etme Planları: Pandemi Sonrası Bir Anket. Okul Ruh Sağlığı , 1-13.
-
Russo-Netzer, P. (2018). "Prioritizing Meaning as a Pathway to Meaning in Life and General Well-Being." Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(6), 1863-1891.
-
Ryff, C. D. (1989). "Happiness is Everything, or is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Well-Being." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081.
-
Sakal, M. (2018). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ): A reliability and validity study in the Turkish context. Journal of Positive Psychology Research, 4(2), 112-128.
-
Salanova, M., Llorens, S., & Cifre, E. (2013). The dark side of technologies: Technostress among users of information and communication technologies. International Journal of Psychology, 48(3), 422–436.
-
Shaw, M., & Black, D. W. (2008). Internet addiction: Definition, assessment, epidemiology, and clinical management. CNS Drugs, 22(5), 353–365.
-
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). "The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life." Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
-
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2009). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(2), 289–300.
-
Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
-
Tarafdar, M., Pullins, E. B., & Ragu‐Nathan, T. S. (2015). Technostress: negative effect on performance and possible mitigations. Information Systems Journal, 25(2), 103-132.
-
Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., Ragu-Nathan, B. S., & Ragu-Nathan, T. S. (2007). The impact of technostress on role stress and productivity. Journal of management information systems, 24(1), 301-328.
-
Taraftar, M., Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., & Ragu-Nathan, T. S. (2007). The impact of technostress on role stress and productivity. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(1), 301-328.
-
Telef, B. B. (2013). Psychological well-being scale: adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study. Journal of Hacettepe University Education Faculty, 28(28-3), 374-384.
-
Torre, G., Leonardis, V., & Chiappetta, M. (2020). Technostress: How does it affect the productivity and life of an individual? Results of an observational study. Public Health, 189, 60-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.09.013
-
Tsai, F. J., Chen, C. Y., Yeh, G. L., Hu, Y. J., Tseng, C. C., & Chen, S. C. (2018). Nursing students’ relationships among meaning in life, well-being, and positive beliefs: a cross-sectional survey study. Medicine, 97(42), e12914.
-
Türen, U., & Kalkın, G. (2015). The validity and reliability study of the technostress scale: Turkish adaptation. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(3), 55-71.
-
TÜRMOB. (n.d.). Meslek mensubu dağılım tablosu (SM, SMMM). Türkiye Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler ve Yeminli Mali Müşavirler Odaları Birliği. Erişim tarihi: 30 Ocak 2025, https://www.turmob.org.tr/istatistikler/c8172e63-2bef-4919-a863-86e403bfdf0a/meslek-mensubu-dagilim-tablosu-(sm-smmm)
-
Ülbe, S., & Dirik, G. (2023). Kanser tanısı almış kişilere uygulanan anlam temelli müdahale programları: Sistematik bir derleme. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(3), 468-494.
-
Unterrainer, H. F., Lewis, A. J., & Fink, A. (2014). Religious/spiritual well-being, personality and mental health: A review of results and conceptual issues. Journal of religion and health, 53, 382-392.
-
Wang, H., Ding, H., & Kong, X. (2023). Understanding technostress and employee well-being in digital work: the roles of work exhaustion and workplace knowledge diversity. International Journal of Manpower, 44(2), 334-353.
-
Wang, X., Li, Z., Ouyang, Z., & Xu, Y. (2021). The Achilles heel of technology: how does technostress affect university students’ wellbeing and technology-enhanced learning. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(23), 12322.
-
Yener, S. (2018). Teknostresin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisi; tükenmişliğin aracı rolü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 85-101.
-
Yıldırım, M., Kızılgeçit, M., Seçer, İ., Karabulut, F., Angın, Y., Dağcı, A., ... & Çinici, M. (2021). Meaning in life, religious coping, and loneliness during the coronavirus health crisis in Turkey. Journal of religion and health, 1-15.
The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life in the Relationship Between Techno-Stress and Psychological Well-Being of Employees
Year 2025,
Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 145 - 164, 29.10.2025
Şener Özen
,
Selami Güney
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of meaning in life in the relationship between technostress and psychological well-being. Data collected from accountants and financial advisors working in the provinces of Erzurum and Erzincan were obtained using the Meaning of Life, Psychological Well-Being, and Technostress Scales and analyzed using Hayes' Parallel Mediation Model (Model 4). Results showed that techno-determinism had an overall negative effect of -0.308 (p < 0.001) on psychological well-being, and this effect was largely mediated by present meaning (indirect effect: -0.203, p < 0.001). Similarly, techno-workload and techno-complexity had a negative effect on psychological well-being by decreasing present meaning and meaning-seeking. While present meaning played a strong mediating role, the effect of meaning-seeking proved to be rather limited. The results suggest that increasing an individual's ability to find meaning in life can mitigate the negative effects of techno-stress.
References
-
Alam, M. A. (2016). Techno-stress and productivity: Survey evidence from the aviation industry. Journal of Air Transport Management, 50, 62-70.
-
Boyer-Davis, S. (2019). Technostress in accounting professionals: A quantitative examination of the differences between managers and non-managers. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 19(2), 25-41.
-
Brod, C. (1984). Technostress: The human cost of the computer revolution. Addison-Wesley.
-
Brown, J. S., & Duguid, P. (2001). The social life of information. Harvard Educational Review, 71(1), 151-152.
-
Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (3rd ed.). Routledge.
-
Chan, X., Shang, S., Brough, P., Wilkinson, A., & Lu, C. (2022). Work, life and COVID‐19: A rapid review and practical recommendations for the post‐pandemic workplace. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 61(2), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12355
-
Cropanzano, R., & Wright, T. A. (2001). When a “happy” worker is really a “productive” worker: A review and further refinement of the happy-productive worker thesis. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 53(3), 182–199.
-
Czyżowska, N., & Gurba, E. (2021). "Enhancing Meaning in Life and Psychological Well-Being Among a European Cohort of Young Adults via a Gratitude Intervention." Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 751081.
-
Diener, E., Tay, L., & Myers, D. G. (2010). The religion paradox: If religion makes people happy, why are so many dropping out? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(6), 1278-1290.
-
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 39(2), 247-266.
-
Ekşi, H., Boyalı, C., & Ümmet, D. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarının spiritüel iyi oluş ile yaşamda anlam değişkenlerinin psikolojik dayanıklılığı yordaması: Bir yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) denemesi. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(4), 1695-1704.
-
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1),39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
-
Frankl, V. E. (1985). Man's search for meaning (Rev. ed.). Washington Square Press.
-
González-López, Ó. R., Buenadicha-Mateos, M. ve Sánchez-Hernández, M. I. (2021). Overwhelmed by technostress? Sensitive archetypes and effects in times of forced digitalization. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(08), 4216.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. The Guilford Press.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40.
-
Jimmy, V. C., Mohamed, S., Hussein, N., Anwar, N. A., & Dahalan, N. A. (2023). Technostress Creators and Employee’s Well-Being at a Telecommunication Company in Sarawak, Malaysia. Information Management and Business Review, 15(3 (SI)), 329-343.
-
Ju, H., Shin, J. W., Kim, C. W., Hyun, M. H., & Park, J. W. (2013). Mediational effect of meaning in life on the relationship between optimism and well-being in community elderly. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 56(2), 309-313.
-
Khedhaouria, A., & Cucchi, A. (2019). Technostress creators and job burnout: A fuzzy-set configurational analysis. Journal of Business Research, 101, 349-361.
-
Kızıl, M. (2016). İzmir 112 Ambulanslarinda Çalişan Paramedik Ve Acil Tip Teknisyenlerinin Anksiyete Düzeyleri Ve İş Stresörleri. Hastane Öncesi Dergisi, 1(1), 43-54.
-
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (4th ed.). The Guilford Press.
-
Kräft, J., Wirth, T., Harth, V., & Mache, S. (2024). Digital stress perception among German hospital nurses and associations with health-oriented leadership, emotional exhaustion and work-privacy conflict: a cross-sectional study. BMC nursing, 23(1), 213.
-
Krok, D., & Telka, M. (2019). Meaning in life and its associations with subjective and psychological well-being: The mediating role of optimism. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 105–113.
-
Li, Y., & Wu, D. (2025). Creativity and Well-Being Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life. The Journal of Psychology, 159(1), 1-16.
-
Liang, H., & Xue, Y. (2009). Avoidance of information technology threats: A theoretical perspective. MIS Quarterly, 33(1), 71–90.
-
Lindell, M. K., & Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 114-121.
-
Linley, P. A., & Joseph, S. (2011). Meaning in Life and Posttraumatic Growth. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 16(2), 150–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2010.519287
-
Moore, J. E. (2000). One road to turnover: An examination of work exhaustion in technology professionals. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), 141–168.
-
Park, C. L. (2010). Making sense of the meaning literature: an integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological bulletin, 136(2), 257.
-
Parvizi, G., & Özabacı, N. (2022). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik İyi Oluş ve Yaşam Doyumlarının Yordayıcısı Olarak Bilişsel Esnekliğin Rolü. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 65-81.
-
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531-544.
-
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 8(5), 879-903.
-
Reinke, WM, Herman, KC, Stormont, M. ve Ghasemi, F. (2025). Öğretmen Stresi, Başa Çıkma, Tükenmişlik ve Sahayı Terk Etme Planları: Pandemi Sonrası Bir Anket. Okul Ruh Sağlığı , 1-13.
-
Russo-Netzer, P. (2018). "Prioritizing Meaning as a Pathway to Meaning in Life and General Well-Being." Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(6), 1863-1891.
-
Ryff, C. D. (1989). "Happiness is Everything, or is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Well-Being." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081.
-
Sakal, M. (2018). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ): A reliability and validity study in the Turkish context. Journal of Positive Psychology Research, 4(2), 112-128.
-
Salanova, M., Llorens, S., & Cifre, E. (2013). The dark side of technologies: Technostress among users of information and communication technologies. International Journal of Psychology, 48(3), 422–436.
-
Shaw, M., & Black, D. W. (2008). Internet addiction: Definition, assessment, epidemiology, and clinical management. CNS Drugs, 22(5), 353–365.
-
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). "The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life." Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
-
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2009). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(2), 289–300.
-
Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00484.x
-
Tarafdar, M., Pullins, E. B., & Ragu‐Nathan, T. S. (2015). Technostress: negative effect on performance and possible mitigations. Information Systems Journal, 25(2), 103-132.
-
Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., Ragu-Nathan, B. S., & Ragu-Nathan, T. S. (2007). The impact of technostress on role stress and productivity. Journal of management information systems, 24(1), 301-328.
-
Taraftar, M., Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., & Ragu-Nathan, T. S. (2007). The impact of technostress on role stress and productivity. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(1), 301-328.
-
Telef, B. B. (2013). Psychological well-being scale: adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study. Journal of Hacettepe University Education Faculty, 28(28-3), 374-384.
-
Torre, G., Leonardis, V., & Chiappetta, M. (2020). Technostress: How does it affect the productivity and life of an individual? Results of an observational study. Public Health, 189, 60-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.09.013
-
Tsai, F. J., Chen, C. Y., Yeh, G. L., Hu, Y. J., Tseng, C. C., & Chen, S. C. (2018). Nursing students’ relationships among meaning in life, well-being, and positive beliefs: a cross-sectional survey study. Medicine, 97(42), e12914.
-
Türen, U., & Kalkın, G. (2015). The validity and reliability study of the technostress scale: Turkish adaptation. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(3), 55-71.
-
TÜRMOB. (n.d.). Meslek mensubu dağılım tablosu (SM, SMMM). Türkiye Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler ve Yeminli Mali Müşavirler Odaları Birliği. Erişim tarihi: 30 Ocak 2025, https://www.turmob.org.tr/istatistikler/c8172e63-2bef-4919-a863-86e403bfdf0a/meslek-mensubu-dagilim-tablosu-(sm-smmm)
-
Ülbe, S., & Dirik, G. (2023). Kanser tanısı almış kişilere uygulanan anlam temelli müdahale programları: Sistematik bir derleme. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(3), 468-494.
-
Unterrainer, H. F., Lewis, A. J., & Fink, A. (2014). Religious/spiritual well-being, personality and mental health: A review of results and conceptual issues. Journal of religion and health, 53, 382-392.
-
Wang, H., Ding, H., & Kong, X. (2023). Understanding technostress and employee well-being in digital work: the roles of work exhaustion and workplace knowledge diversity. International Journal of Manpower, 44(2), 334-353.
-
Wang, X., Li, Z., Ouyang, Z., & Xu, Y. (2021). The Achilles heel of technology: how does technostress affect university students’ wellbeing and technology-enhanced learning. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(23), 12322.
-
Yener, S. (2018). Teknostresin iş performansı üzerindeki etkisi; tükenmişliğin aracı rolü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 85-101.
-
Yıldırım, M., Kızılgeçit, M., Seçer, İ., Karabulut, F., Angın, Y., Dağcı, A., ... & Çinici, M. (2021). Meaning in life, religious coping, and loneliness during the coronavirus health crisis in Turkey. Journal of religion and health, 1-15.