Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends

Bilal Aydoğan; Alper Calam

doi:10.18245/ijaet.593811

Research Article

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 17.02.2020

Bilal Aydoğan , Alper Calam

https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.593811

Cited By: 7

Abstract

References

1. Gul, Z., M. Yılmaz, H. Koten, I. H., Savcı, “Advanced Numerical and experimental studies on CI engine emissions”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4 (4), 2234-2247, 2018.
2. Strozzi, C., Claverie, A., Prevost, V., Sotton, J., and Bellenoue, M., “HCCI and SICI combustion modes analysis with simultaneous PLIF imaging of formaldehyde and high-speed chemiluminescence in a rapid compression machine”, Combustion and Flame, 202, 58-77, 2019.
3. Maurya, R.K. and Akhil, N., “Development of a new reduced hydrogen combustion mechanism with NOx and parametric study of hydrogen HCCI combustion using stochastic reactor model”. Energy Conversion and Management, 132: 65-81, 2017.
4. Kumar, P. and Rehman A., “Bio-diesel in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 536-550, 2016.
5. Wang, Z., Du, G., Li, Z., Wang, X., and Wang, D., “Study on the combustion characteristics of a high compression ratio HCCI engine fueled with natural gas”, Fuel, 255, 115701, 2019.
6. Vélez Godiño, J.A., Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar F.J., and García M.T., “Simulation of HCCI combustion in air-cooled off-road engines fuelled with diesel and biodiesel”, Journal of the Energy Institute, 91(4), 549-562, 2018.
7. Cinar, C., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, H., Sahin, F., Polat, S., Yılmaz, E., “Effects of intake air temperature on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fueled with the blends of 20% n-heptane and 80% isooctane fuels”, Fuel Processing Technology, 130, 275-281, 2015.
8. Garcia, M.T., Aguilar, F., Lancero, T.S., and Villanueva, J.A.B., “A new heat release rate (HRR) law for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 29(17-18), 3654-3662, 2009.
9. Bai, J., Wang, Q., H.E, Z., Li, C., and Pan, J., “Study on methane HCCI combustion process of micro free-piston power device”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 73(1), 1066-1075, 2014.
10. Turkcan, A., Ozsezen A.N., and Canakci M., “Effects of second injection timing on combustion characteristics of a two stage direct injection gasoline-alcohol HCCI engine”, Fuel, 111: 30-39, 2013.
11. Schönborn, A., Hellier, P., Aliev, A.E., “Ignition control of homogeneous-charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion through adaptation of the fuel molecular structure by reaction with ozone”, Fuel, 89 (11), 3178-3184, 2010.
12. Zhang, C., Zhang, C., Xue, L., Li, Y., “Combustion characteristics and operation range of a RCCI combustion engine fueled with direct injection n-heptane and pipe injection n-butanol”, Energy, 125, 439-448, 2017.
13. Bahri, B., Aziz, A. A., Shahbakhti, M., and Muhamad Said, M.F., “Understanding and detecting misfire in an HCCI engine fuelled with ethanol”, Applied Energy, 108, 24-33, 2013.
14. Bastawissi, H.A.E., Elkelawy, M., PAnchal, H., and Kumar Sadasivuni, K., “Optimization of the multi-carburant dose as an energy source for the application of the HCCI engine”, Fuel, 253, 15-24, 2019.
15. Gharehghani, A., “Load limits of an HCCI engine fueled with natural gas, ethanol, and methano”, Fuel, 239, 1001-1014, 2019.
16. Bhaduri, S., H. Jeanmart, and F. Contino, “Tar Tolerant HCCI Engine Fuelled with Biomass Syngas: Combustion Control Through EGR”, Energy Procedia, 105, 1764-1770, 2017.
17. Putrasari, Y., N. Jamsran, and O. Lim, “An investigation on the DME HCCI autoignition under EGR and boosted operation”, Fuel, 200, 447-457, 2017.
18. Sjöberg, M. and J.E. Dec,” Effects of EGR and its constituents on HCCI autoignition of ethanol”, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 33(2), 3031-3038, 2011.
19. Cinar, C., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, G., Topgul, T., “Effects of valve lift on the combustion and emissions of a HCCI gasoline engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 94, 159-168, 2015.
20. Çınar, C., Uyumaz A., Polat, S., Yılmaz, E., Can, O., and Solmaz, H., “Combustion and performance characteristics of an HCCI engine utilizing trapped residual gas via reduced valve lift”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 100, 586-594, 2016.
21. Gowthaman, S. and A.P. Sathiyagnanam, “Effects of charge temperature and fuel injection pressure on HCCI engine”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(1), 119-125, 2016.
22. Gowthaman, S. and A.P. Sathiyagnanam, “Analysis the optimum inlet air temperature for controlling homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 57(4), 2209-2214, 2018.
23. Koten, H., M. Yılmaz, Z. Gul, “Effects of the injection parameters and compression ratio on the emissions of a heavy-duty diesel engnie”, International Journal of Vehicle Design, 59(2/3), 147-163, 2012.
24. Mathivanan, K., J.M. Mallikarjuna, and A. Ramesh, “Influence of multiple fuel injection strategies on performance and combustion characteristics of a diesel fuelled HCCI engine – An experimental investigation”, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 77, 337-346, 2016.
25. Banke, K., Hegner, R., Scröder, D., Schulz, C., Atakan, B., and Kaiser, S.A., “Power and syngas production from partial oxidation of fuel-rich methane/DME mixtures in an HCCI engine”, Fuel, 243, 97-103, 2019.
26. Bendu, H., B.B.V.L. Deepak, and S. Murugan, “Multi-objective optimization of ethanol fuelled HCCI engine performance using hybrid GRNN–PSO”, Applied Energy, 187, 601-611, 2017.
27. Coskun, G., Demir, E., Soyhan, H. S., Turkcan, A., Ozsezen, A.N., and CAnakcı, M., “An experimental and modeling study to investigate effects of different injection parameters on a direct injection HCCI combustion fueled with ethanol–gasoline fuel blends”, Fuel, 215, 879-891, 2018.
28. Turkcan, A., Altınkurt, M.D., Csokun, G., and Canakcı, M., “Numerical and experimental investigations of the effects of the second injection timing and alcohol-gasoline fuel blends on combustion and emissions of an HCCI-DI engine”, Fuel, 219, 50-61, 2018.
29. Wang, Z., Liu, H., Ma, X., WAng, J., Shuai, S., and Reitz, R.D., “Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE)”, Fuel, 183, 206-213, 2016.
30. Maurya, R.K. and N. Akhil, “Numerical investigation of ethanol fuelled HCCI engine using stochastic reactor model. Part 1: Development of a new reduced ethanol oxidation mechanism”, Energy Conversion and Management, 118, 44-54, 2016.
31. Viggiano, A. and V. Magi, “A comprehensive investigation on the emissions of ethanol HCCI engines”, Applied Energy, 93, 277-287, 2012.
32. Chun-hua, Z., Jiang-ru, P.A.N., Juan-juan, T., and Jing, L.I., “Effects of Intake Temperature and Excessive Air Coefficient on Combustion Characteristics and Emissions of HCCI Combustion”, Procedia Environmental Sciences, 11, 1119-1127, 2011.
33. Yousefi, A. and M. Birouk, “Fuel suitability for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion”, Energy Conversion and Management, 119, 304-315, 2016.
34. Polat, S., “An experimental study on combustion, engine performance and exhaust emissions in a HCCI engine fuelled with diethyl ether–ethanol fuel blends”, Fuel Processing Technology, 143, 140-150, 2016.
35. Mohebbi, M., Reyhanian, M., Hosseini, V., Said, M.F.M., and Aziz, A.A., “The effect of diethyl ether addition on performance and emission of a reactivity controlled compression ignition engine fueled with ethanol and diesel”, Energy Conversion and Management, 174, 779-792, 2018.
36. Khandal, S.V., N.R. Banapurmath, and V.N. Gaitonde, “Performance studies on homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine powered with alternative fuels”, Renewable Energy, 132, 683-693, 2019.
37. Maurya, R.K. and M.R. Saxena, “Characterization of ringing intensity in a hydrogen-fueled HCCI engine”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(19), 9423-9437, 2018.
38. He, B.Q., Liu, M.B., Yuan, J., and Zhao, H., “Combustion and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol-gasoline blends”, Fuel, 108, 668-674, 2013.
39. Li, G., C. Zhang, and J. Zhou, “Study on the knock tendency and cyclical variations of a HCCI engine fueled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends”, Energy Conversion and Management, 133, 548-557, 2017.
40. Liu, M.-B., B.-Q. He, and H. Zhao, “Effect of air dilution and effective compression ratio on the combustion characteristics of a HCCI (homogeneous charge compression ignition) engine fuelled with n-butanol”, Energy, 85, 296-303, 2015.
41. Zheng, M., Han, X., Asad, U., and Wang, J., “Investigation of butanol-fuelled HCCI combustion on a high efficiency diesel engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 98, 215-224, 2015.
42. Mack, J.H., Shuler, D., Butt, R.H., and Dibble R.W., “Experimental investigation of butanol isomer combustion in Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines”, Applied Energy, 165, 612-626, 2016.
43. He, B., Liu, M., and Zhao, H., “Comparison of combustion characteristics of n-butanol/ethanol-gasoline blends in a HCCI engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 95, 101-109, 2015.
44. Uyumaz, A., “An experimental investigation into combustion and performance characteristics of an HCCI gasoline engine fueled with n-heptane, isopropanol and n-butanol fuel blends at different inlet air temperatures”, Energy Conversion and Management, 98, 199-207, 2015.
45. Kodavasal, J., Lovoie, G., A., Assanis, D.N., and Martz, J.B., “The effects of thermal and compositional stratification on the ignition and duration of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion”, Combustion and Flame, 162(2), 451-461, 2015.
46. Johansson, T., Joqahnsson, B., Tunestal, P. And Hans, A., “HCCI Operating Range in a Turbo-charged Multi Cylinder Engine with VVT and Spray-Guided DI”, SAE paper, 2009-01-0494, 2009.
47. Lee, K., Cho, S., Kim, N., and Min, K., “A study on combustion control and operating range expansion of gasoline HCCI”, Energy, 91, 1038-1048, 2015.

Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 17.02.2020

Bilal Aydoğan , Alper Calam

https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.593811

Cited By: 7

Abstract

Homegeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion can achieve very low NOx and soot emissions but knocking and misfiring restrict the operating range of this kind of engines. In this work, n-butanol which has low reactivity and high volatility blended with n-heptane that choosen as reference fuel in this study with various rates (25 vol% and 50 vol%). The experiments performed at various engine speeds (800-1800) and lambda (λ=1.6-2.95) at full load and 60 oC inlet air temperature. the parameters such as in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, CA10, ringing intensity, thermal efficiency, brake torque, power output, specific fuel consumption, and HC and CO emissions were determined. The results showed that both in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate decreased with increasing lambda. Increasing amount of n-butanol in the charge mixture resulted a decrease both in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate. n-butanol also provided retarded combustion phasing and increased CA10. Ringing intensity decreased with increasing both lambda and n-butanol content in the mixture. Thermal efficiency increased with n-butanol. HC and CO emissions increased with increasing lambda. HC and CO emissions increased with increasing amount of n-butanol in the charge mixture. Operating range of HCCI engine was expanded with n-butanol in both knocking and misfiring zones.

Keywords

HCCI, n-butanol, combustion, n-heptane

References

1. Gul, Z., M. Yılmaz, H. Koten, I. H., Savcı, “Advanced Numerical and experimental studies on CI engine emissions”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4 (4), 2234-2247, 2018.
2. Strozzi, C., Claverie, A., Prevost, V., Sotton, J., and Bellenoue, M., “HCCI and SICI combustion modes analysis with simultaneous PLIF imaging of formaldehyde and high-speed chemiluminescence in a rapid compression machine”, Combustion and Flame, 202, 58-77, 2019.
3. Maurya, R.K. and Akhil, N., “Development of a new reduced hydrogen combustion mechanism with NOx and parametric study of hydrogen HCCI combustion using stochastic reactor model”. Energy Conversion and Management, 132: 65-81, 2017.
4. Kumar, P. and Rehman A., “Bio-diesel in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 536-550, 2016.
5. Wang, Z., Du, G., Li, Z., Wang, X., and Wang, D., “Study on the combustion characteristics of a high compression ratio HCCI engine fueled with natural gas”, Fuel, 255, 115701, 2019.
6. Vélez Godiño, J.A., Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar F.J., and García M.T., “Simulation of HCCI combustion in air-cooled off-road engines fuelled with diesel and biodiesel”, Journal of the Energy Institute, 91(4), 549-562, 2018.
7. Cinar, C., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, H., Sahin, F., Polat, S., Yılmaz, E., “Effects of intake air temperature on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fueled with the blends of 20% n-heptane and 80% isooctane fuels”, Fuel Processing Technology, 130, 275-281, 2015.
8. Garcia, M.T., Aguilar, F., Lancero, T.S., and Villanueva, J.A.B., “A new heat release rate (HRR) law for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 29(17-18), 3654-3662, 2009.
9. Bai, J., Wang, Q., H.E, Z., Li, C., and Pan, J., “Study on methane HCCI combustion process of micro free-piston power device”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 73(1), 1066-1075, 2014.
10. Turkcan, A., Ozsezen A.N., and Canakci M., “Effects of second injection timing on combustion characteristics of a two stage direct injection gasoline-alcohol HCCI engine”, Fuel, 111: 30-39, 2013.
11. Schönborn, A., Hellier, P., Aliev, A.E., “Ignition control of homogeneous-charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion through adaptation of the fuel molecular structure by reaction with ozone”, Fuel, 89 (11), 3178-3184, 2010.
12. Zhang, C., Zhang, C., Xue, L., Li, Y., “Combustion characteristics and operation range of a RCCI combustion engine fueled with direct injection n-heptane and pipe injection n-butanol”, Energy, 125, 439-448, 2017.
13. Bahri, B., Aziz, A. A., Shahbakhti, M., and Muhamad Said, M.F., “Understanding and detecting misfire in an HCCI engine fuelled with ethanol”, Applied Energy, 108, 24-33, 2013.
14. Bastawissi, H.A.E., Elkelawy, M., PAnchal, H., and Kumar Sadasivuni, K., “Optimization of the multi-carburant dose as an energy source for the application of the HCCI engine”, Fuel, 253, 15-24, 2019.
15. Gharehghani, A., “Load limits of an HCCI engine fueled with natural gas, ethanol, and methano”, Fuel, 239, 1001-1014, 2019.
16. Bhaduri, S., H. Jeanmart, and F. Contino, “Tar Tolerant HCCI Engine Fuelled with Biomass Syngas: Combustion Control Through EGR”, Energy Procedia, 105, 1764-1770, 2017.
17. Putrasari, Y., N. Jamsran, and O. Lim, “An investigation on the DME HCCI autoignition under EGR and boosted operation”, Fuel, 200, 447-457, 2017.
18. Sjöberg, M. and J.E. Dec,” Effects of EGR and its constituents on HCCI autoignition of ethanol”, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 33(2), 3031-3038, 2011.
19. Cinar, C., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, G., Topgul, T., “Effects of valve lift on the combustion and emissions of a HCCI gasoline engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 94, 159-168, 2015.
20. Çınar, C., Uyumaz A., Polat, S., Yılmaz, E., Can, O., and Solmaz, H., “Combustion and performance characteristics of an HCCI engine utilizing trapped residual gas via reduced valve lift”, Applied Thermal Engineering, 100, 586-594, 2016.
21. Gowthaman, S. and A.P. Sathiyagnanam, “Effects of charge temperature and fuel injection pressure on HCCI engine”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(1), 119-125, 2016.
22. Gowthaman, S. and A.P. Sathiyagnanam, “Analysis the optimum inlet air temperature for controlling homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 57(4), 2209-2214, 2018.
23. Koten, H., M. Yılmaz, Z. Gul, “Effects of the injection parameters and compression ratio on the emissions of a heavy-duty diesel engnie”, International Journal of Vehicle Design, 59(2/3), 147-163, 2012.
24. Mathivanan, K., J.M. Mallikarjuna, and A. Ramesh, “Influence of multiple fuel injection strategies on performance and combustion characteristics of a diesel fuelled HCCI engine – An experimental investigation”, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 77, 337-346, 2016.
25. Banke, K., Hegner, R., Scröder, D., Schulz, C., Atakan, B., and Kaiser, S.A., “Power and syngas production from partial oxidation of fuel-rich methane/DME mixtures in an HCCI engine”, Fuel, 243, 97-103, 2019.
26. Bendu, H., B.B.V.L. Deepak, and S. Murugan, “Multi-objective optimization of ethanol fuelled HCCI engine performance using hybrid GRNN–PSO”, Applied Energy, 187, 601-611, 2017.
27. Coskun, G., Demir, E., Soyhan, H. S., Turkcan, A., Ozsezen, A.N., and CAnakcı, M., “An experimental and modeling study to investigate effects of different injection parameters on a direct injection HCCI combustion fueled with ethanol–gasoline fuel blends”, Fuel, 215, 879-891, 2018.
28. Turkcan, A., Altınkurt, M.D., Csokun, G., and Canakcı, M., “Numerical and experimental investigations of the effects of the second injection timing and alcohol-gasoline fuel blends on combustion and emissions of an HCCI-DI engine”, Fuel, 219, 50-61, 2018.
29. Wang, Z., Liu, H., Ma, X., WAng, J., Shuai, S., and Reitz, R.D., “Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE)”, Fuel, 183, 206-213, 2016.
30. Maurya, R.K. and N. Akhil, “Numerical investigation of ethanol fuelled HCCI engine using stochastic reactor model. Part 1: Development of a new reduced ethanol oxidation mechanism”, Energy Conversion and Management, 118, 44-54, 2016.
31. Viggiano, A. and V. Magi, “A comprehensive investigation on the emissions of ethanol HCCI engines”, Applied Energy, 93, 277-287, 2012.
32. Chun-hua, Z., Jiang-ru, P.A.N., Juan-juan, T., and Jing, L.I., “Effects of Intake Temperature and Excessive Air Coefficient on Combustion Characteristics and Emissions of HCCI Combustion”, Procedia Environmental Sciences, 11, 1119-1127, 2011.
33. Yousefi, A. and M. Birouk, “Fuel suitability for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion”, Energy Conversion and Management, 119, 304-315, 2016.
34. Polat, S., “An experimental study on combustion, engine performance and exhaust emissions in a HCCI engine fuelled with diethyl ether–ethanol fuel blends”, Fuel Processing Technology, 143, 140-150, 2016.
35. Mohebbi, M., Reyhanian, M., Hosseini, V., Said, M.F.M., and Aziz, A.A., “The effect of diethyl ether addition on performance and emission of a reactivity controlled compression ignition engine fueled with ethanol and diesel”, Energy Conversion and Management, 174, 779-792, 2018.
36. Khandal, S.V., N.R. Banapurmath, and V.N. Gaitonde, “Performance studies on homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine powered with alternative fuels”, Renewable Energy, 132, 683-693, 2019.
37. Maurya, R.K. and M.R. Saxena, “Characterization of ringing intensity in a hydrogen-fueled HCCI engine”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(19), 9423-9437, 2018.
38. He, B.Q., Liu, M.B., Yuan, J., and Zhao, H., “Combustion and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol-gasoline blends”, Fuel, 108, 668-674, 2013.
39. Li, G., C. Zhang, and J. Zhou, “Study on the knock tendency and cyclical variations of a HCCI engine fueled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends”, Energy Conversion and Management, 133, 548-557, 2017.
40. Liu, M.-B., B.-Q. He, and H. Zhao, “Effect of air dilution and effective compression ratio on the combustion characteristics of a HCCI (homogeneous charge compression ignition) engine fuelled with n-butanol”, Energy, 85, 296-303, 2015.
41. Zheng, M., Han, X., Asad, U., and Wang, J., “Investigation of butanol-fuelled HCCI combustion on a high efficiency diesel engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 98, 215-224, 2015.
42. Mack, J.H., Shuler, D., Butt, R.H., and Dibble R.W., “Experimental investigation of butanol isomer combustion in Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines”, Applied Energy, 165, 612-626, 2016.
43. He, B., Liu, M., and Zhao, H., “Comparison of combustion characteristics of n-butanol/ethanol-gasoline blends in a HCCI engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, 95, 101-109, 2015.
44. Uyumaz, A., “An experimental investigation into combustion and performance characteristics of an HCCI gasoline engine fueled with n-heptane, isopropanol and n-butanol fuel blends at different inlet air temperatures”, Energy Conversion and Management, 98, 199-207, 2015.
45. Kodavasal, J., Lovoie, G., A., Assanis, D.N., and Martz, J.B., “The effects of thermal and compositional stratification on the ignition and duration of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion”, Combustion and Flame, 162(2), 451-461, 2015.
46. Johansson, T., Joqahnsson, B., Tunestal, P. And Hans, A., “HCCI Operating Range in a Turbo-charged Multi Cylinder Engine with VVT and Spray-Guided DI”, SAE paper, 2009-01-0494, 2009.
47. Lee, K., Cho, S., Kim, N., and Min, K., “A study on combustion control and operating range expansion of gasoline HCCI”, Energy, 91, 1038-1048, 2015.

There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section	Article
Authors	Bilal Aydoğan 0000-0002-7928-5867 Alper Calam 0000-0003-4125-2127
Publication Date	February 17, 2020
Submission Date	July 18, 2019
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Aydoğan, B., & Calam, A. (2020). Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 9(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.593811
AMA	Aydoğan B, Calam A. Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. February 2020;9(1):1-10. doi:10.18245/ijaet.593811
Chicago	Aydoğan, Bilal, and Alper Calam. “Combustion, Performance and Emission Caracteristics of a HCCI Engine Fuelled With N-butanol/N-Heptane Blends”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9, no. 1 (February 2020): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.593811.
EndNote	Aydoğan B, Calam A (February 1, 2020) Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9 1 1–10.
IEEE	B. Aydoğan and A. Calam, “Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends”, International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.18245/ijaet.593811.
ISNAD	Aydoğan, Bilal - Calam, Alper. “Combustion, Performance and Emission Caracteristics of a HCCI Engine Fuelled With N-butanol/N-Heptane Blends”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies 9/1 (February 2020), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.593811.
JAMA	Aydoğan B, Calam A. Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2020;9:1–10.
MLA	Aydoğan, Bilal and Alper Calam. “Combustion, Performance and Emission Caracteristics of a HCCI Engine Fuelled With N-butanol/N-Heptane Blends”. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, vol. 9, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-10, doi:10.18245/ijaet.593811.
Vancouver	Aydoğan B, Calam A. Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies. 2020;9(1):1-10.

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Combustion, performance and emission caracteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol/n-heptane blends

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Cite

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