BATI AFRİKA’DA KENTLEŞME HAREKETLERİ: LAGOS ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 7, 1 - 22, 31.01.2019

Harun Biçakcı

Öz

Dünyanın en az kentleşme oranına sahip olan Afrika kıtasında son yıllarda

kentleşme hızı artış göstermektedir. Özellikle Batı Afrika, Doğu Afrika’dan sonra kıtanın

en hızlı kentleşen alt bölgesidir. Bu noktada, kıtanın bu alt bölgesindeki ülkeler ve kentler

artan nüfus ve kentleşme oranı nedeniyle çok çeşitli sorunlarla karşı karşıyadır. Ayrıca,

Afrika genelinde kentsel gelişim modelleri ve bunların nasıl tanımlandığına ve

yorumlandığına ilişkin çok önemli farklılıklar da vardır.

Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı Batı Afrika’daki kentleri ve kentleşme hareketlerini Lagos

kenti özelinde geçmişten bugüne incelemektir. Çalışma, literatür taramasına dayalıdır. Üç

bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde Batı Afrika’daki kentlerin durumu irdelenmiştir.

Bölgedeki ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma ile altyapı ve hizmetlerin durumu incelenmiştir.

İkinci bölümde ise Nijerya özelinde analizler söz konusudur. Üçüncü bölümde de

Nijerya’nın önemli bir kenti olan Lagos seçilmiş ve kentin karşı karşıya olduğu kentsel

gelişim süreci ve yaşadığı sorunlar irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca, kentbilim literatüründe Lagos

kentini kentsel gelişim bağlamında geçmişten bugüne inceleyen ilk çalışmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Batı Afrika, Nijerya, Lagos, kent, kentleşme

URBANIZATION IN WEST AFRICA: THE CASE OF LAGOS

Öz

In recent years, the rate of urbanization has been increasing on

the African continent, which has the least urbanization rate in the world. Especially, West

Africa is the fastest urbanizing sub-region of the continent after East Africa. At this point,

the countries and cities in this sub-region of the continent face a wide range of problems

due to the increasing population and urbanization rate. In addition, there are significant

differences in the patterns of urban development across Africa and in terms of how they

are defined and interpreted.

In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the cities and urbanization movements

in West Africa from the past to the present in the case of Lagos. The study is based on

literature review. It consists of three parts. At first, the situation of the cities in West Africa

is examined. Economic growth and development in the region and the status of

infrastructure and services are examined. Secondly, the general condition in Nigeria was

analyzed. Finally, Lagos, an important city in Nigeria, was selected and the urban

development process and problems faced by the city were examined. Moreover, this is

the first study to examine the city of Lagos from the past to the present in the urban

science literature in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

West Africa, Nigeria, Lagos, city, urbanization

Kaynakça

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