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The relationship between school effectiveness and organizational peace: Evidence from southeastern Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 662 - 680, 04.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1627175

Abstract

As student outcomes affect the entire society, the effectiveness of schools has been a subject of significant debate for more than half a century. Another issue of vital importance for societies is peace. Although peace is given the importance that it deserves in many disciplines, it has remained a neglected concept for organizations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between school effectiveness and organizational peace. This study was designed in a cross-sectional and correlational model in accordance with the quantitative method. The sample of the study consisted of 517 teachers working at public middle schools and high schools in the Şanlıurfa province in southeastern Türkiye who were selected by stratified sampling. A significant relationship was found between school effectiveness and the internal peace dimension of organizational peace, and as the organizational peace levels of schools increased, their effectiveness levels also increased. The participants perceived the effectiveness of their schools to be low and moderate, while they considered organizational peace to be negative. As another noteworthy result of the study, the participants who were working at middle schools perceived the effectiveness and organizational peace at their institutions to be substantially lower than those who were working at high schools. Our results contribute to the literature on school effectiveness in an organizational peace context and the expansion of the body of knowledge on the topic by offering evidence from Türkiye as a developing country. Additionally, we also bring practical recommendations for the improvement of organizational peace and school effectiveness levels.

Ethical Statement

Gazi University Assessment and Evaluation Ethics Committee, E.133162 on 11.12.2020.

References

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  • Bozak, A., & Karabulut, B. (2021). The Administrative ınvestigation in local educational organizations: An evaluation through the lens of school managers. International Journal of Education Technology and Scientific Researches, 6(15), 771 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijetsar.359
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  • Bozkurt Bostancı, A., Akçadağ, T., Kahraman, Ü., & Tosun, A. (2016). The relationship between schools' DNA profiles and political behavior in school. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5693-5705. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4307
  • Börü, N., & Bellibaş, M.Ş. (2021). Comparing the relationships between school principals’ leadership types and teachers’ academic optimism. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2021.1889035
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  • Doğuş, Y. (2021). Phenomenological studuy of organizational peace and its relationship with school effectiveness [Doctoral dissertation, Gazi University]. CoHE thesis no: 704229
  • Doğuş, Y., & Eres, F. (2021). A study of validity and reliability on the organizational peace at school scale (OPPS). OPUS International Journal of Societiy Researches, 18(Special Issue on Educational Sciences), 4598-4623. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.895221
  • Donaldson, S.I., Chen, C., & Donaldson, S. (2021). Designing positive organizational psychology interventions. In S.I. Donaldson & C. Chen (Eds.), Positive organizational psychology interventions design & evaluation (pp. 1-38). Wiley Blackwell.
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The relationship between school effectiveness and organizational peace: Evidence from southeastern Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 662 - 680, 04.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1627175

Abstract

As student outcomes affect the entire society, the effectiveness of schools has been a subject of significant debate for more than half a century. Another issue of vital importance for societies is peace. Although peace is given the importance that it deserves in many disciplines, it has remained a neglected concept for organizations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between school effectiveness and organizational peace. This study was designed in a cross-sectional and correlational model in accordance with the quantitative method. The sample of the study consisted of 517 teachers working at public middle schools and high schools in the Şanlıurfa province in southeastern Türkiye who were selected by stratified sampling. A significant relationship was found between school effectiveness and the internal peace dimension of organizational peace, and as the organizational peace levels of schools increased, their effectiveness levels also increased. The participants perceived the effectiveness of their schools to be low and moderate, while they considered organizational peace to be negative. As another noteworthy result of the study, the participants who were working at middle schools perceived the effectiveness and organizational peace at their institutions to be substantially lower than those who were working at high schools. Our results contribute to the literature on school effectiveness in an organizational peace context and the expansion of the body of knowledge on the topic by offering evidence from Türkiye as a developing country. Additionally, we also bring practical recommendations for the improvement of organizational peace and school effectiveness levels.

Ethical Statement

Gazi University Assessment and Evaluation Ethics Committee, E.133162 on 11.12.2020.

References

  • Aibieyi, S., & Okojie, J.O. (2006). Causes and consequences of conflict in an organization: Workers and management. Nigerian Journal of Social Development, 2(1), 9-13.
  • Alanoğlu, M., Karabatak, S., Uslukaya, A., & Kuloğlu, A. (2024). Adaptation of the quiet quitting scale for teachers to Turkish culture: An empirical psychometric investigation. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 11(3), 463 480. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1437506
  • Al‐Shammari, M.M. (1992). Organizational climate. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 13(6), 30-32.
  • Barnard, C.I. (1938). The functions of the executive (1st ed). Harvard University Press.
  • Bellibaş, M. Ş., & Liu, Y. (2017). Multilevel analysis of the relationship between principals’ perceived practices of instructional leadership and teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions. Journal of Educational Administration, 55(1), 49-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JEA-12-2015-0116
  • Bernhard, R., McDermott, T., Hasenhüttl, C., Burn, K., & Sammons, P. (2024). A focus on quality of teaching in schools increases students’ progress of attainment. Evidence from English secondary schools. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 35(4), 506–530. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2024.2398601
  • Bozak, A., & Karabulut, B. (2021). The Administrative ınvestigation in local educational organizations: An evaluation through the lens of school managers. International Journal of Education Technology and Scientific Researches, 6(15), 771 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijetsar.359
  • Bozanoğlu, B. (2020). Relationship between teachers' fellowship, job satisfaction and organizational peace [Doctoral dissertation, İnönü University]. Council of Higher Education (CoHE) thesis no: 636716
  • Bozkurt Bostancı, A., Akçadağ, T., Kahraman, Ü., & Tosun, A. (2016). The relationship between schools' DNA profiles and political behavior in school. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5693-5705. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4307
  • Börü, N., & Bellibaş, M.Ş. (2021). Comparing the relationships between school principals’ leadership types and teachers’ academic optimism. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2021.1889035
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karagöz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods] (4th ed.). Pegem.
  • Cameron, K.S., & Quinn, R.E. (1999). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture, based on the competing values framework. Jossey-Bass.
  • Cameron, K.S., Dutton, J.E., & Quinn, R.E. (2003). Foundations of positive organizational scholarship. In K.S. Cameron, J.E. Dutton & R.E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship, foundations of a new discipline (pp. 3-13). Berrett-Koehler.
  • Chin, T. (2015). Harmony and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(8), 1110 1129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.934882
  • Campbell, A. (2017). Forgiveness and reconciliation as an organizational leadership competency within transitional justice instruments. The International Journal of Servant-Leadership, 11(1), 139-186.
  • Cansoy, R., & Parlar, H. (2018). Teacher leadership as a predictor of school effectiveness. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(3), 925-934. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.346648
  • Coleman, J.S., Campbell, E.Q., Hobson, C.J., McPartland, J., Mood, A.M., Weinfeld, F.D., & York, R.L. (1966). Equality of educational opportunity. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
  • Creswell, J.W. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.) (S.B. Demir, Trans. Ed). Eğiten.
  • Çevik, M.S., & Doğan, E. (2025). Is there a significant relationship between the empowering leadership behaviors of school principals and the psychological resilience of teachers? Understanding the moderating effects of gender and length of time spent with the school principal. BMC Psychology, 13, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02330-3
  • Demir, K. (2011). Editörden: Pozitif örgüt araştırmaları [Editorial: Positive organizational research]. Journal of Educational Sciences Research, 1(2). http://ebad‐jesr.com/
  • Doğuş, Y. (2019). A qualitative research on organizational peace in schools. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 14(4), 661-675.
  • Doğuş, Y. (2021). Phenomenological studuy of organizational peace and its relationship with school effectiveness [Doctoral dissertation, Gazi University]. CoHE thesis no: 704229
  • Doğuş, Y., & Eres, F. (2021). A study of validity and reliability on the organizational peace at school scale (OPPS). OPUS International Journal of Societiy Researches, 18(Special Issue on Educational Sciences), 4598-4623. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.895221
  • Donaldson, S.I., Chen, C., & Donaldson, S. (2021). Designing positive organizational psychology interventions. In S.I. Donaldson & C. Chen (Eds.), Positive organizational psychology interventions design & evaluation (pp. 1-38). Wiley Blackwell.
  • Doran, J.A. (2004). Effective school characteristics and student achievement correlates as perceived by teachers in American-style international schools. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Central Florida]. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0000245
  • Edmonds, R.R., & Frederiksen, J.R. (1979). Search for effective schools: the identification and analysis of city schools that are instructionally effective for poor children, ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 170 396.
  • Erikson, E.H. (2019). İnsanın 8 evresi [8 stages of a person] (Translated Gonca Akkaya). Okyan Us.
  • Etxeberria, F., Intxausti, N., & Azpillaga, V. (2017). School climate in highly effective schools in the Autonomous Region of the Basque Country (Spain). Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficaciay Cambio en Educacion, 15(4), 5 26. https://doi.org/10.15366/reice2017.15.4.001
  • Gaur, S., & Rajat, Dr. (2024). Principles of business management (1st ed.). Kripa-Drishti Publications.
  • Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. (1986). The social context of effective schools. American Journal of Education, 94, 328–355. https://doi.org/10.1086/443853
  • Hardwick, C.T., & Landuyt, B.F. (1961). Administrative strategy (1st ed.). Simmons-Boardman.
  • Hopkins, D., Stringfield, S., Harris, A., Stoll, L., & Mackay, T. (2014). School and system improvement: A narrative state-of-the-art review. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 25(2), 257–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2014.885452
  • Hoy, W.K. (2009). School Effectiveness Index (SE Index). http://waynekhoy.com/pdfs/School_Effectiveness_Index.pdf
  • Hoy, W.K., & Miskel, C.G. (2015). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice. (7th ed). Nobel.
  • James, L.A., & James, L.R. (1989). Integrating work perceptions: explorations into the measurement of meaning. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(5), 739 751. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.74.5.739
  • Jarl, M., Andersson, K., & Blossing, U. (2021). Organizational characteristics of successful and failing schools: A theoretical framework for explaining variation in student achievement. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32(3), 448 464. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2021.1903941
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There are 80 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Measurement Theories and Applications in Education and Psychology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yurdagül Doğuş 0000-0002-6305-4271

Figen Eres 0000-0002-7095-4681

Early Pub Date July 21, 2025
Publication Date September 4, 2025
Submission Date January 26, 2025
Acceptance Date May 24, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Doğuş, Y., & Eres, F. (2025). The relationship between school effectiveness and organizational peace: Evidence from southeastern Türkiye. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 12(3), 662-680. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1627175

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