Yarı Kurak Koşullarda Korunga Genotiplerinin (Onobrychis sativa Scop.) Morfolojik ve Agronomik Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Baklagiller familyasına ait bitki türleri, yarı kurak bölgelerdeki meraların kalitesi ve miktarı için çok önemlidir. Yanlış yönetim nedeniyle hızla bozulan meralarımız için bu familyada yer alan lezzetli, uzun ömürlü ve kaliteli bitki türlerinden yeni çeşitler geliştirilmelidir. Bu doğrultuda yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi amacıyla korunga ıslah çalışması başlatılmıştır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için korunga ıslah çalışması yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi amacıyla başlatılmıştır. İlk aşamada, Orta ve Doğu Anadolu Bölgelerinin mera alanlarından toplanan yedi korunga populasyonu, 2015 yılında Ankara'nın Gölbaşı ilçesinde bulunan araştırma istasyonunda tesis edilen bir gözlem bahçesinde kontrol çeşitleri olan Özerbey-03 ve Lütfibey ile birlikte ekilmiştir. Projenin ikinci ve üçüncü yılarında (2016 ve 2017), morfolojik (bitki boyu, sap kalınlığı ve sap sayısı) ve agronomik özellikler (yeşil ot ve kuru ot verimleri) tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, L-1787 tüm populasyonlar arasında bitki boyu, yeşil ot ve kuru ot verimi bakımından en yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur. Ayrıca, tüm popülasyonlar arasında L-1747 en düşük yeşil ot ve kuru ot verimine sahip olmuştur. L-1781 en yüksek sap sayısına sahipken, Lütfibey en düşük sap sayısına sahiptir. Özerbey-03 ve L-1781 en kalın sapa sahip olmuştur. L-1781, L-1787 ve L-1788 populasyonları, kontrol çeşitleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, daha fazla sap sayısı ve daha geniş sap çapı nedeniyle daha yüksek yeşil ve kuru ot verimi sergilemiştir. Bu populasyonlar, yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi için gelecekte yapılacak ıslah çalışmalarında da kullanılabilir. Ayrıca benzer özelliklerin ve benzerlik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Kümeleme Analizi ve Temel Bileşenler Analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Korunga populasyonları
• morfolojik özellikler
• agronomik özellikler
• kümeleme analizi
• temel bileşenler analizi

A Study on Morphological and Agronomic Traits of Sainfoin Populations (Onobrychis sativa Scop.) in Semi-Arid Conditions

Abstract

Plant species belonging to the leguminous family are very important for the quality and quantity of rangelands in semiarid regions. New varieties should be developed from the delicious, long-lasting, and high-quality plant species in this family for our rangelands that have rapidly deteriorated due to mismanagement. For this reason, sainfoin breeding study was initiated to develop new cultivars. In the first period, the seven collected sainfoin populations from the rangeland areas of the Central and Eastern Anatolia Regions were planted with control cultivars, Özerbey-03 and Lütfibey, in a nursery plot at the research station located in the Gölbaşı district of Ankara in 2015. At the initiating period of this breeding study (in 2016 and 2017), morphological (plant height, stem diameter, and stem number) and agronomic traits (fresh forage and dry forage yields) were determined. According to the obtained results, The L-1787 had the highest values in plant height, fresh forage, and dry forage yields of all populations. Moreover, among all populations, L-1747 had the lowest fresh forage and dry forage yield. The L-1781 had the highest stem number, while Lütfibey had the lowest. The Özerbey-03 and L-1781 had the thickest stems. L-1781, L-1787 anwd L-1788 populations exhibited higher fresh and dry feed yield due to higher stem number and larger stem diameter compared to control varieties. These populations can also be utilized for future breeding studies to develop new cultivars. Additionally, the methods of Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were used to identify similar traits and their similarity levels.

Keywords

• Sainfoin populations
• morphological traits
• agronomic traits
• cluster analysis
• principal component analysis

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