Prevalence of Tsw-Resistance Breaking Strains of Tomato spotted wilt virus Isolates in Pepper in Türkiye

Abstract

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most common viruses infecting pepper worldwide. In this study, 221 pepper TSWV isolates obtained from pepper production areas in Antalya, Samsun, Manisa, Canakkale and Bursa provinces of Türkiye in 2017 were examined for breaking the Tsw gene resistance in pepper. The ability of the isolates that overcame the Tsw gene-mediated resistance in pepper to break the Sw-5 gene-mediated resistance to TSWV in tomato was assessed.. For this purpose, the isolates were mechanically inoculated on each of five plants of two different Capsicum chinense genotypes with Tsw gene (PI 152225 and PI 159236) and Yolo Wonder genotypes without Tsw gene. Four weeks after inoculation, the plants were evaluated symptomatologically and by ELISA. As a result of the study, 92 out of 221 isolates (41.6%) were found to break the Tsw gene resistance in pepper. Resistance-breaking isolates were detected in Antalya (%77), Samsun (%37.2) and Canakkale (%100) provinces, while only non-resistance-breaking isolates were detected in Manisa and Bursa provinces in Türkiye. In addition, it was determined in the study that all TSWV isolates breaking the Tsw gene-mediated resistance in pepper were unable to overcome the Sw-5 gene-mediated resistance in tomato.

Keywords

• TSWV
• Capsicum annuum
• Tsw
• Resistance breaking strain
• Türkiye

Türkiye’de Biberde Tsw Geni Dayanıklılığını Kıran Tomato spotted wilt virus İzolatlarının Yaygınlığı

Öz

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) tüm dünyada biberi enfekte eden en yaygın virüslerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada 2017 yılında Antalya, Samsun, Manisa, Çanakkale ve Bursa illeri biber üretim alanlarından elde edilen 221 biber TSWV izolatının biberde Tsw geni dayanıklılığını kırma durumları ile biberde Tsw gwnini kıran izolatların domateste TSWV’ye dayanıklılık sağlayan Sw-5 dayanıklılığını kırabilme durumları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla izolatlar, Tsw genine sahip iki farklı Capsicum chinense genotipine (PI 152225 ve PI 159236) ve Tsw geni içermeyen Yolo Wonder genotipine ait beşer bitkinin her birine mekanik inokulasyon yöntemi ile ayrı ayrı olarak inokule edilmiştir. İnokulasyondan dört hafta sonra bitkiler simtomatolojik olarak ve ELISA testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 221 izolatın 92’sinin (%41.6) biberde Tsw geni dayanıklılığını kırdığı belirlenmiştir. Dayanıklılık kıran izolatlar, Antalya (%77), Samsun (%37.2) ve Çanakkale (%100) illerinde saptanırken, Manisa ve Bursa illerinde yalnızca dayanıklılık kırmayan izolatlar belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada biberde Tsw geni dayanıklılığını kıran TSWV izolatlarının tamamının domateste Sw-5 geni dayanıklılığını kıramadıkları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• TSWV
• Capsicum annuum
• Tsw
• Dayanıklılık kırılması
• Türkiye

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