Mitigation of Salinity Stress on Chickpea Germination by Salicylic Acid Priming

Abstract

Salinity is a global problem that threatens chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivation in all stages from germination to maturity. Also, salt-affected areas in the World are increasing by the day. Germination is one of the primary stages affecting plant growth and seed yield. Thus, germination performance of seeds has a vital role in vegetative and productive stages. Seed priming, a cheap and easily applicable technique, improves the germination performance by regulating enzymatic reactions and controlling water intake. Seed priming is controlled hydration of seeds soaked in a solution that has low osmotic potential to start the germination metabolism without elongation of radical. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different priming treatments on germination traits of chickpea under saline conditions. Three levels of salinity (control, 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl) and 5 priming treatments (non-primed, hydro-priming, 0.1 mM, 0.2 mM and 0.3 mM salicylic acid) were used in the study. Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination rate (GR), germination index (GI) and coefficient of uniformity of germination (CUG) were varied between 80.7-98.3%, 1.40-2.67 day, 38.1-75.7, 37.5-72.5 and 0.3-0.7, respectively. Although all treatments caused significant positive effects, the 0.2 mM SA mostly improved the germination traits in the study. Also, it was determined that 0.2 mM salicylic acid priming is the threshold for chickpea and higher concentrations have inhibitory effects on the germination process.

Keywords

• Hydro-priming
• Osmo-priming
• Ion toxicity
• Stress alleviation
• Uniformity of germination

Nohut Çimlenmesi Üzerine Tuzluluk Stresinin Salisilik Asit Priming ile Azaltılması

Öz

Tuzluluk, nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) tarımını çimlenmeden olgunluğa kadar her aşamada tehdit eden küresel bir sorundur. Ayrıca, yeryüzünde tuzluluktan etkilenen alanlar giderek artmaktadır. Çimlenme ürün kalitesini ve tane verimini etkileyen evrelerin başında gelir. Bu nedenle, tohumların çimlenme performansları vejetatif ve generatif gelişim dönemleri açısından hayati önem taşımaktadır. Ucuz ve kolay uygulanabilir bir teknik olan priming, su alımını kontrol ederek ve enzimatik reaksiyonları düzenleyerek çimlenme performansının artmasını sağlar. Priming, düşük osmotik potansiyele sahip bir çözeltide bekletilerek tohumun çimlenme metabolizmasının kökcük çıkışı olmaksızın başlatıldığı kontrollü su alımını ifade eder. Çalışmanın amacı, tuzluluk stresi altındaki nohutta farklı priming uygulamalarının çimlenme özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada 3 tuzluluk seviyesi (kontrol, 50 mM NaCl ve 100 mM NaCl) ve 5 ekim öncesi uygulama (kontrol, hidro-priming, 0.1, 0.2 ve 0.3 mM salisilik asit) kullanılmıştır. Çimlenme yüzdesi (% 80.7-98.3), ortalama çimlenme süresi (1.40-2.67 gün), çimlenme hızı (38.1-75.7), çimlenme indeksi (37.5-72.5) ve çimlenme üniformluk katsayısı (0.3-0.7) değerleri , , ve Belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadaki tüm uygulamalar önemli pozitif etkilere sebep olmasına rağmen 0.2 mM SA uygulması çimlenme özelliklerini en çok iyileştiren uygulama olmuştur. Ayrıca, 0.2 mM SA uygulamasının nohutta eşik değer olduğu, daha yüksek konsantrasyonların çimlenme süreci üzerine engelleyici/azaltıcı etki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hidro-priming
• Osmo-priming
• İyon toksisitesi
• stres azaltma
• Çimlenme üniformitesi

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