Effects of Methyl Jasmonate Treatments and Harvest Times on the Physical, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Plum Fruit

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 75 - 83, 25.04.2020

Ebubekir Altuntaş Burhan Öztürk Onur Saraçoğlu

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.672929

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study was conducted to
determine the effects of different harvest times and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) sprayed in
different concentrations (1120 ve 2240 mg L^-1) at preharvest on physical, mechanical and
chemical properties of plum (Prunus
domestica) fruit.
Geometric mean diameter,
sphericity and surface area values were the lowest in 1120 mg L^-1 MeJA treatment. Geometric mean diameter,
sphericity, surface area, fruit mass, fruit volume, fruit density and bulk
density values were higher on 4 September harvest times than other harvest
periods. While the b* and C* color properties of MeJA treatments
increased due to the change in harvest period, h° color characteristic decreased. Fruit removal force decreased
with increasing MeJA doses, while fruit removal force, fruit hardness and M/FRF
ratio were higher in MeJA 2240 mg L^-1 than other MeJA treatments.
Rubber and laminate friction surfaces gave maximum and minimum friction
coefficient values, according to the MeJA treatments and harvest periods,
respectively. The pH and titratable acidity (TA) values increased with the MeJA
treatments, and also, pH and solids soluble content (SSC) values increased
according to the harvest periods. For this reason, transporting,
processing, storing and packaging systems in post-harvest technological
applications of the plum fruit must be
designed taking these criteria into consideration such as physico-mechanical
and chemical properties.

Keywords

Plum, pyhsicomechanical property, chroma, methyl jasmonate, pH

Metil Jasmonat Uygulamaları ve Hasat Dönemlerinin Erik Meyvelerinin Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Kimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hasat öncesi erik (Prunus domestica) meyvelerine farklı konsantrasyonlarda (1120 ve
2240 mg L^-1) püskürtülen metil jasmonat (MeJA) ve farklı hasat zamanlarının,
meyvelerin fiziksel, mekanik ve kimyasal özellikleri üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek
için yürütülmüştür. Geometrik
ortalama çap, küresellik ve yüzey alanı bakımından en düşük değerler 1120 mg L^-1 MeJA uygulamasında görülmüştür. Geometrik ortalama çap, küresellik, yüzey alanı, meyve
kütlesi, meyve hacmi, meyve hacim ağırlığı ve yığın hacim ağırlığı değerleri, 4 Eylül hasat döneminde diğer hasat
dönemlerine göre daha yüksek sonuç vermiştir. MeJA uygulamalarının b* ve C* renk özellikleri hasat dönemine bağlı olarak artış gösterirken, h° renk özelliği ise azalış
göstermiştir. Meyve sap kopma direnci, MeJA dozları artışıyla azalma eğilimi
gösterirken, meyve sap kopma kuvveti, meyve sertliği değerleri ile M/FRF
değerleri, MeJA 2240 mg L^-1‘de, diğer MeJA dozlarına göre daha
yüksek bulunmuştur. MeJA uygulamaları ve hasat dönemlerine bakıldığında, kauçuk
ve laminant sürtünme yüzeyleri sırasıyla maksimum ve minimum sürtünme katsayısı
değerleri vermiştir. pH ve TA değerleri, MeJA uygulamaları ile beraber suda
çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM) değerleri ise genel olarak artış göstermiştir. Bu
yüzden erik meyvesinin taşıma, işleme, depolama ve paketleme sistemleri gibi
hasat sonrası teknolojik uygulamaları için, fiziksel, mekanik ve kimyasal
özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak tasarlanmalıdır. 

Keywords

Erik, fizikomekanik özellik, kroma, metil jasmonat, pH

References

• Alnıak, S. (2012). Erik meyvesinin (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) farklı hasat dönemlerindeki bazı fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarım Makinaları Anabilim Dalı, Aydın.
• Altuntas, E., Ozturk, B., Özkan, Y., & Yildiz, K. (2012). Physicomechanical properties and colour characteristics of apple as affected by methyl jasmonate treatments. International Journal of Food Engineering, 8(1).
• Altuntas, E., Gul, E. N., & Bayram, M. (2013). The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) during physiological maturity and ripening period. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 30(1), 33-40.
• Altuntas, E., Ozturk, B., & Kalyoncu, H. I. (2018). Bioactive compounds and physico-mechanical attributes of fruit and stone of cherry laurel (Prunus laurecerasus) harvest at different maturity stages. Acta scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum cultus, 17 (6), 75-84.
• Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1984). Official Methods of Analysis. 14th ed. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
• Darıcı, S., & Şen, S. (2012). Kivi Meyvesinin kurutulmasında kurutma havası hızının kurumaya etkisinin incelenmesi. X. Ulusal Tesisat Mühendisliği Kongresi, İzmir.
• Ekrami-Rad, N., Khazaei, J., & Khoshtaghaza, M. H. (2011). Selected mechanical properties of pomegranate peel and fruit. International Journal of Food Properties, 14, 570–582.
• Esehaghbeygi, A., Pirnazari, K., Kamali, M., & Razavi, J. (2013). Physical, and mechanical properties of three plum varieties (Prunus domestica L.). Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(2), 95-101.
• Gezer, I., Guner, M., & Dursun, E. (2000). Determination of physical and mechanical properties of some fruits and vegetables. Turk-Koop Ekin Journal, 13, 70-73.
• Kabas, O., & Ozmerzi, A. (2008). Determining the mechanical properties of cherry tomato varieties for handling. Journal Texture Studies, 39(3), 199-209.
• Karaman, S., Ozturk, B., Aksit, H., & Erdogdu, T. (2013). The effects of pre-harvest application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine on the bioactive compounds and fruit quality of ‘Fortune’ plum variety during cold storage. Food Science and Technology International, 19, 567–576.
• Kilickan, A., & Guner, M. (2008). Physical properties and mechanical behaviour of olive fruit (Olea europaea L.) under compression loading. Journal of Food Engineering, 87(2), 222–228.
• Kucuker, E., Ozturk, B., Çelik, S. M., & Aksit, H. (2014). Pre-harvest spray application of methyl jasmonate plays an important role in fruit ripening, fruit quality and bioactive compounds of Japanese plums. Scientia Horticulturae, 176, 162-169.
• Kuna-Broniowska, I., Gadyszewska, B., & Ciupak, A. (2012). Effect of storage time and temperature on poisson ratio of tomato fruit skin. International Agrophysics, 26, 39–44.
• Martínez-Esplá, A., Zapata, P.J., Castillo, S., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., & Serrano, M. (2014). Preharvest application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in two plum cultivars. 1. Improvement of fruit growth and quality attributes at harvest. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 98, 98-105.
• McGuire, R. G. (1992). Reporting of objective colour measurements. Hort Science, 27(12), 1254-1255.
• Mohsenin, N. N. (1980). Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York.
• Ozkan, Y., Altuntas, E., Ozturk, B., Yildiz, K., & Saracoglu, O. (2012). The effect of NAA (1-naphthalene acetic acid) and AVG (aminoethoxyvinylglycine) on physical, chemical, colour and mechanical properties of Braeburn apple. International Journal of Food Engineering, 8(3).
• Ozturk, I., Ercisli, S., Kalkan, F., & Demir, B. (2009). Some chemical and physico-mechanical properties of pear cultivars. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(4), 687–693.
• Ozturk, B., Ozkan, Y., Altuntas, E., Yildiz, K., & Saracoglu, O. (2013). Effect of aminoethoxyvinylglycine on biochemical, physico-mechanical and colour properties of cv. ‘Braeburn’ apples. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 34(3),1111-1120.
• Öztürk, B., Özkan, Y., & Yildiz, K. (2014). Methyl jasmonate treatments influence bioactive compounds and red peel color development of Braeburn apple. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 38(5), 688-699.
• Pérez-Vicente, A., Martinez-Romero, D., Carbonell, A., Serrano, M., Riquelme, F., Guillén, F., & Valero, D. (2002). Role of polyamines in extending shelf life and the reduction of mechanical damage during plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 25(1), 25–32.
• Polat, R., Ülger, P., Sağlam, C., & Açar, İ. (2006). Erik ağaçlarında hasat tekniği açısından meyve tutunma kuvveti ve yaylanma rijiditesinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi, 2(4), 329-335.
• Razavi, S. M., & Parvar, M. B. (2007). Some physical and mechanical properties of kiwi fruit. International Journal of Food Engineering, 3(6), 1–14.
• Saracoglu, O., Ozturk, B., Yildiz, K., & Kucuker, E. (2017). Pre-harvest methyl jasmonate treatments delayed ripening and improved quality of sweet cherry fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 226, 19-23.
• Shin, Y., Ryu, J., Liu, J. F., Nock., & Watkins, C. B. (2008). Harvest maturity, storage temperature and relative humidity affect fruit quality, antioxidant contents and activity, and inhibition of cell proliferation of strawberry fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 49, 201–209.
• Zapata, PJ., Martínez-Esplá, A.,Castillo, S., Guillén, F., Diaz-Mula, H.M., Martínez-Romero, D., Serrano, M., & Valero, D. (2014). Preharvest application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in two plum cultivars. 2. Improvement of fruit growth and quality attributes at harvest. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 98, 115-122.