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Intrinsic Motivators in Ethnic Restaurant Preferences: The Case of Istanbul

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 153 - 169, 25.12.2025

Abstract

This study investigates the role of innovativeness and nostalgia tendencies in preferences for ethnic restaurants in Istanbul, aiming to uncover the relationship between these tendencies and various demographic factors and motivations. Using survey data, the factors influencing participants' choices and their connection to innovativeness and nostalgia were analyzed. Findings revealed low-level positive Korelasyonlar between innovativeness tendencies and expectations from ethnic characteristics (r = 0.300, p < 0.05), staff skills (r = 0.290, p < 0.05), politeness (r = 0.243, p < 0.05), and conveniences provided by the restaurant (r = 0.359, p < 0.05). However, very low Korelasyonlar were found with expectations during the meal, technical and cleanliness expectations, and consistency of service quality. Expectations from food showed no significant relationship (r = 0.048, p > 0.05). Similarly, nostalgia tendencies exhibited low-level positive Korelasyonlar with ethnic expectations (r = 0.331, p < 0.05), staff skills (r = 0.154, p < 0.05), and politeness (r = 0.167, p < 0.05), while very low Korelasyonlar appeared for conveniences, meal-time expectations, and cleanliness. Expectations from food were again unrelated (r = 0.013, p > 0.05). The study concludes that both tendencies shape ethnic restaurant preferences, with innovativeness playing a more pronounced role in some aspects. These insights highlight the importance for restaurant operators to consider both tendencies in their marketing strategies to effectively address customer expectations.

References

  • Aksatan, M. (2016). Etnik temalı restoranlarda otantiklik: Yönetici ve tüketici bakış açılarına yönelik karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma (Doktora tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
  • Albayrak, A. (2014). Müşterilerin restoran seçimlerini etkileyen faktörler: İstanbul örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(2), 190-201.
  • Badem, E., ve Öztel, A. (2018). Restoran seçiminde tüketiciyi etkileyen faktörlerin dematel yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi: Bir uygulama. Yönetim, Ekonomi, Edebiyat, İslami ve Politik Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 70-89.
  • Baer, M. D., Sessions, H., Welsh, D. T., ve Matta, F. K. (2022). Motivated to “roll the dice” on trust: The relationships between employees’ daily motives, risk propensity, and trust. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(9), 1561. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000959
  • Bekar, A., ve Gümüş-Dönmez, F. (2014). Temalı restoranlar ve temalı-etnik restoran ayrımı. Journal of International Social Research, 7(35).
  • Cevizkaya, G. (2015). Tüketicilerin etnik restoran işletmelerini tercih nedenleri: İstanbul'da bir araştırma (Yüksek lisans tezi). Balıkesir Üniversitesi.
  • Crompton, J. L., ve McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)80010-2
  • Cumming, G. (2013). Understanding the new statistics: Effect sizes, confidence intervals, and new thinking about statistical methods. Routledge.
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). Sage publications.
  • Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C., ve Kendall, K. W. (2011). Fine-dining restaurant selection: Direct and moderating effects of customer attributes. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 14(3), 272-289.
  • Havlena, W. J., ve Holak, S. L. (2000). Nostalgia and nostalgia-proneness: Classification and measurement. Unpublished working paper.
  • Holak, S. L., ve Havlena, W. J. (1992). Nostalgia: An exploratory study of consumer experiences and behavioral correlates. Journal of Business Research, 25(2), 155–161.
  • Holak, S. L., ve Havlena, W. J. (1998). Feelings, fantasies, and memories: An examination of the emotional components of nostalgia. Journal of Business Research, 42, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00119-7
  • Hurt, H. T., Joseph, K., ve Cook, C. D. (1977). Scales for the measurement of innovativeness. Human Communication Research, 4, 58-65. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2958.1977.tb00597.x?r3_referer=wolvetracking_action=preview_clickveshow_checkout=1
  • Ignatov, E., ve Smith, S. (2006). Segmenting Canadian culinary tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(3), 235-255.
  • Jang, S., Liu, Y., ve Namkung, Y. (2011). Effects of authentic atmospherics in ethnic restaurants: Investigating Chinese restaurants. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 23(5), 662-680. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111111143395
  • Khan, M., ve Oyewole, P. O. (2014). African Americans’ image attributes and preferences for ethnic or international restaurants. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 17, 161-178.
  • Kılıçer, K., ve Odabaşı, F. (2010). Bireysel yenilikçilik ölçeği (BYÖ): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 38, 150-164.
  • Kılınç, O. (2014). Temalı restoranlar ve barlar. In O. N. Özdoğan (Ed.), Yiyecek İçecek Endüstrisinde Trendler, Kavramlar, Yaklaşımlar, Başarı Hikayeleri (pp. 89-110). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kim, J. H., Youn, H., ve Rao, Y. (2017). Customer response to food-related attributes in ethnic restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 61, 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.11.003
  • Kim, J., ve Ritchie, J. R. B. (2014). Cross-cultural validation of a destination experience scale (DES). Journal of Travel Research, 53(3), 332–347.
  • Kim, Y. G., Eves, A., ve Scarles, C. (2009). Building a model of local food consumption on trips and holidays: A grounded theory approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(3), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.11.005
  • Kim, Y. H., Goh, B. K., ve Yuan, J. (2010). Development of a multi-dimensional scale for measuring food tourist motivations. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 11(1), 56-71.
  • Kim, Y. S., Raab, C., ve Bergman, C. (2010). Restaurant selection preferences of mature tourists in Las Vegas: A pilot study. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 11(2), 157-171.
  • Koronios, K., Dimitropoulos, P., Kriemadis, A., ve Papadopoulos, A. (2021). Understanding sport media spectators' preferences: The relationships among motivators, constraints and actual media consumption behaviour. European Journal of International Management, 15(2-3), 174-196.
  • Kukar-Kinney, M., Ridgway, N. M., ve Monroe, K. B. (2009). The relationship between consumers’ tendencies to buy compulsively and their motivations to shop and buy on the Internet. Journal of Retailing, 85(3), 298-307.
  • Kwon, D. Y. (2015). What is ethnic food? Journal of Ethnic Foods, 2(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2015.02.001
  • Lakens, D. (2013). Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: A practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863
  • Lu, A. C. C., Gursoy, D., ve Lu, C. Y. (2015). Authenticity perceptions, brand equity and brand choice intention: The case of ethnic restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 50, 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.07.008
  • Meertens, R. M., ve Lion, R. (2008). Measuring an individual's tendency to take risks: The risk propensity scale 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 38(6), 1506-1520. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00357.x
  • Onurlubaş, E., Doğan, H. G., ve Gürler, A. Z. (2015). Türkiye’de ev dışı gıda tüketiminin durumu ve tüketici eğilimleri. Journal of International Social Research, 8(38).
  • Rapaille, C. (2010). Kültür kodu. FGP Yayıncılık.
  • Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (3rd ed.). Free Press.
  • Sanjuán, A. I., ve Camarena, D. M. (2008). Ethnic food preferences in the Spanish market. In Proceedings of the 12th EAAE Congress: People, Food and Environments: Global Trends and European Strategies (pp. 1-9). Gent, Belgium.
  • Shao, W., Grace, D., ve Ross, M. (2019). Consumer motivation and luxury consumption: Testing moderating effects. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 46, 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.10.003
  • Souza, A. M., Bezerra, I. W., Pereira, G. S., Torres, K. G., Costa, R. M., ve Oliveira, A. G. (2020). Relationships between motivations for food choices and consumption of food groups: A prospective cross-sectional survey in manufacturing workers in Brazil. Nutrients, 12(5), 1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051490
  • Teyin, G., Aslan-Yetkin, N., Sormaz, Ü., Pekerşen, Y., ve Nizamlıoğlu, F. H. (2017). Turizm sektöründe etnik restoranlar: İstanbul örneği. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 5(2), 77-87.
  • Ünal, H. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bireysel yenilikçilik kategorilerinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Hakemli Akademik Spor Sağlık ve Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(11), 68-74.
  • Yavuz, Ö., ve Mesci, M. (2020). Etnik restoranlarda marka değeri oluşturulması: İstanbul örneği. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(3), 1386-1401.
  • Yetim, G., Hastürk, G., ve Argan, M. (2020). Retro temelli Ramazan etkinlikleri: Nostalji eğilimi, akış deneyimi, etkinlik tatmini, boş zaman tatmini, yaşam tatmini ve mutluluk arasındaki ilişki. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 781-791.
  • Yuan, F., ve Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: The role of performance and image outcome expectations. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323-342. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.49388995

Etnik Restoran Tercihindeki İçsel Motivatörler: İstanbul Örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 153 - 169, 25.12.2025

Abstract

Bu çalışma, İstanbul'daki etnik restoran tercihinde yenilikçilik ve nostalji eğilimlerinin rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, farklı demografik faktörler ile motivasyonlar arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı hedeflemiş ve anket yöntemiyle toplanan veriler üzerinden analiz yapılmıştır. Yenilikçilik eğiliminin rolü incelendiğinde, etnik özelliklerden beklentiler (r = 0.300, p < 0.05), personel yetenekleri (r = 0.290, p < 0.05), personel nezaketi (r = 0.243, p < 0.05) ve restoranın sağladığı kolaylıklar (r = 0.359, p < 0.05) ile düşük seviyede pozitif ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Yemek esnasındaki beklentiler, teknik ve temizlik beklentileri ile hizmet kalitesine dair beklentilerde ise çok düşük pozitif ilişkiler gözlenmiştir. Yiyeceklerden beklentiler ile yenilikçilik arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır (r = 0.048, p > 0.05). Nostalji eğilimi açısından, etnik özelliklerden beklentiler (r = 0.331, p < 0.05), personel yetenekleri (r = 0.154, p < 0.05) ve personel nezaketi (r = 0.167, p < 0.05) ile düşük pozitif ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Diğer beklentilerde ise çok düşük seviyede pozitif ilişkiler gözlemlenmiştir. Yiyeceklerden beklentiler ile nostalji arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır (r = 0.013, p > 0.05). Sonuç olarak, her iki eğilim de etnik restoran tercihlerini etkilemekte, ancak yenilikçilik bazı boyutlarda daha etkili olmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, restoran işletmecileri için önemli pazarlama stratejileri sunmaktadır.

References

  • Aksatan, M. (2016). Etnik temalı restoranlarda otantiklik: Yönetici ve tüketici bakış açılarına yönelik karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma (Doktora tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
  • Albayrak, A. (2014). Müşterilerin restoran seçimlerini etkileyen faktörler: İstanbul örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(2), 190-201.
  • Badem, E., ve Öztel, A. (2018). Restoran seçiminde tüketiciyi etkileyen faktörlerin dematel yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi: Bir uygulama. Yönetim, Ekonomi, Edebiyat, İslami ve Politik Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 70-89.
  • Baer, M. D., Sessions, H., Welsh, D. T., ve Matta, F. K. (2022). Motivated to “roll the dice” on trust: The relationships between employees’ daily motives, risk propensity, and trust. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(9), 1561. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000959
  • Bekar, A., ve Gümüş-Dönmez, F. (2014). Temalı restoranlar ve temalı-etnik restoran ayrımı. Journal of International Social Research, 7(35).
  • Cevizkaya, G. (2015). Tüketicilerin etnik restoran işletmelerini tercih nedenleri: İstanbul'da bir araştırma (Yüksek lisans tezi). Balıkesir Üniversitesi.
  • Crompton, J. L., ve McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)80010-2
  • Cumming, G. (2013). Understanding the new statistics: Effect sizes, confidence intervals, and new thinking about statistical methods. Routledge.
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). Sage publications.
  • Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C., ve Kendall, K. W. (2011). Fine-dining restaurant selection: Direct and moderating effects of customer attributes. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 14(3), 272-289.
  • Havlena, W. J., ve Holak, S. L. (2000). Nostalgia and nostalgia-proneness: Classification and measurement. Unpublished working paper.
  • Holak, S. L., ve Havlena, W. J. (1992). Nostalgia: An exploratory study of consumer experiences and behavioral correlates. Journal of Business Research, 25(2), 155–161.
  • Holak, S. L., ve Havlena, W. J. (1998). Feelings, fantasies, and memories: An examination of the emotional components of nostalgia. Journal of Business Research, 42, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00119-7
  • Hurt, H. T., Joseph, K., ve Cook, C. D. (1977). Scales for the measurement of innovativeness. Human Communication Research, 4, 58-65. Retrieved April 1, 2024, from http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2958.1977.tb00597.x?r3_referer=wolvetracking_action=preview_clickveshow_checkout=1
  • Ignatov, E., ve Smith, S. (2006). Segmenting Canadian culinary tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(3), 235-255.
  • Jang, S., Liu, Y., ve Namkung, Y. (2011). Effects of authentic atmospherics in ethnic restaurants: Investigating Chinese restaurants. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 23(5), 662-680. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111111143395
  • Khan, M., ve Oyewole, P. O. (2014). African Americans’ image attributes and preferences for ethnic or international restaurants. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 17, 161-178.
  • Kılıçer, K., ve Odabaşı, F. (2010). Bireysel yenilikçilik ölçeği (BYÖ): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 38, 150-164.
  • Kılınç, O. (2014). Temalı restoranlar ve barlar. In O. N. Özdoğan (Ed.), Yiyecek İçecek Endüstrisinde Trendler, Kavramlar, Yaklaşımlar, Başarı Hikayeleri (pp. 89-110). Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kim, J. H., Youn, H., ve Rao, Y. (2017). Customer response to food-related attributes in ethnic restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 61, 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.11.003
  • Kim, J., ve Ritchie, J. R. B. (2014). Cross-cultural validation of a destination experience scale (DES). Journal of Travel Research, 53(3), 332–347.
  • Kim, Y. G., Eves, A., ve Scarles, C. (2009). Building a model of local food consumption on trips and holidays: A grounded theory approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(3), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.11.005
  • Kim, Y. H., Goh, B. K., ve Yuan, J. (2010). Development of a multi-dimensional scale for measuring food tourist motivations. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 11(1), 56-71.
  • Kim, Y. S., Raab, C., ve Bergman, C. (2010). Restaurant selection preferences of mature tourists in Las Vegas: A pilot study. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 11(2), 157-171.
  • Koronios, K., Dimitropoulos, P., Kriemadis, A., ve Papadopoulos, A. (2021). Understanding sport media spectators' preferences: The relationships among motivators, constraints and actual media consumption behaviour. European Journal of International Management, 15(2-3), 174-196.
  • Kukar-Kinney, M., Ridgway, N. M., ve Monroe, K. B. (2009). The relationship between consumers’ tendencies to buy compulsively and their motivations to shop and buy on the Internet. Journal of Retailing, 85(3), 298-307.
  • Kwon, D. Y. (2015). What is ethnic food? Journal of Ethnic Foods, 2(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2015.02.001
  • Lakens, D. (2013). Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: A practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863
  • Lu, A. C. C., Gursoy, D., ve Lu, C. Y. (2015). Authenticity perceptions, brand equity and brand choice intention: The case of ethnic restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 50, 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.07.008
  • Meertens, R. M., ve Lion, R. (2008). Measuring an individual's tendency to take risks: The risk propensity scale 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 38(6), 1506-1520. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00357.x
  • Onurlubaş, E., Doğan, H. G., ve Gürler, A. Z. (2015). Türkiye’de ev dışı gıda tüketiminin durumu ve tüketici eğilimleri. Journal of International Social Research, 8(38).
  • Rapaille, C. (2010). Kültür kodu. FGP Yayıncılık.
  • Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (3rd ed.). Free Press.
  • Sanjuán, A. I., ve Camarena, D. M. (2008). Ethnic food preferences in the Spanish market. In Proceedings of the 12th EAAE Congress: People, Food and Environments: Global Trends and European Strategies (pp. 1-9). Gent, Belgium.
  • Shao, W., Grace, D., ve Ross, M. (2019). Consumer motivation and luxury consumption: Testing moderating effects. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 46, 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.10.003
  • Souza, A. M., Bezerra, I. W., Pereira, G. S., Torres, K. G., Costa, R. M., ve Oliveira, A. G. (2020). Relationships between motivations for food choices and consumption of food groups: A prospective cross-sectional survey in manufacturing workers in Brazil. Nutrients, 12(5), 1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051490
  • Teyin, G., Aslan-Yetkin, N., Sormaz, Ü., Pekerşen, Y., ve Nizamlıoğlu, F. H. (2017). Turizm sektöründe etnik restoranlar: İstanbul örneği. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 5(2), 77-87.
  • Ünal, H. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bireysel yenilikçilik kategorilerinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Hakemli Akademik Spor Sağlık ve Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(11), 68-74.
  • Yavuz, Ö., ve Mesci, M. (2020). Etnik restoranlarda marka değeri oluşturulması: İstanbul örneği. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(3), 1386-1401.
  • Yetim, G., Hastürk, G., ve Argan, M. (2020). Retro temelli Ramazan etkinlikleri: Nostalji eğilimi, akış deneyimi, etkinlik tatmini, boş zaman tatmini, yaşam tatmini ve mutluluk arasındaki ilişki. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 781-791.
  • Yuan, F., ve Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: The role of performance and image outcome expectations. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323-342. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.49388995
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Gastronomy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Rabia Aşan 0000-0003-3049-9175

Ecem İnce Karaçeper 0000-0003-4896-5533

Submission Date December 26, 2024
Acceptance Date December 12, 2025
Publication Date December 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aşan, R., & İnce Karaçeper, E. (2025). Etnik Restoran Tercihindeki İçsel Motivatörler: İstanbul Örneği. Uluslararası Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 153-169. https://doi.org/10.30625/ijctr.1607862