The Investigation of Ultrasonic Degradation and Toxicity Reduction of MC-RR sourced by Harmful Algal Bloom

Öz

In recent years, the increase in harmful algal blooms in aquatic environments and awareness about the toxic cyanobacteria growth in the aquatic environment has become mandatory the treatment of cyanobacterial toxins for the health, entertainment, agriculture, aquaculture and drinking water supply. Traditional drinking water treatment processes leads to the lysis of the cyanobacterial cells and the subsequent release of cyanotoxins and potentially producing toxic by-products to the water supply causing the taste, odor, etc. problem. These toxic products cannot be removed by classical treatment processes. Moreover, even if these compounds are partially treated in the aquatic environment, the toxicity of the by-products still pose a threat to drinking water. Therefore, Advanced Oxidation processes (AOP) has been focused to treat for this kind of compounds that produce non-toxic by-products. Thus, the low and high frequencies of the ultrasonic oxidation of MC-RR, as an important AOP, one of the cyanobacterial toxin compounds commonly found in the aquatic environment was investigated and the toxicity of the post-oxidation products was evaluated in this study. According to results, it was determined that ultrasonic oxidation of MC-RR at a frequency of 578 kHz for 30 minutes provided a 10-12% concentration reduction with the second order degradation rate. Initial concentrations of MC-RR (1.25 µg/L) reduced the viability of healthy mouse liver cells to around 85%. At the end of oxidation in all ultrasonic frequencies, cell viability either remained the same or increased by 5% compared to the initial concentration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Advanced Oxidation Processes
• Toxicity
• Ultrasonic Oxidation
• MC-RR

Zararlı Alg Çoğalması Kaynaklı MC-RR’nin Ultrasonik Arıtımının ve Toksisite Azaltımının İncelenmesi

Öz

Su ortamlarında zararlı alg çoğalmalarının son yıllarda artması ve su ortamında meydana getirdiği toksik siyanobakteri büyümesi konusunda farkındalığın artması, sağlık, eğlence, tarım, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği ve içme suyu teminindeki siyanobakteriyel toksinlerin arıtımını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Geleneksel içme suyu arıtma prosesleri, suda tat, koku vb. problemlere neden olan siyanobakteriyel hücrelerin parçalanmasına ve ardından siyanotoksinlerin suda salınmasına ve toksik yan ürünler üretme olasılığına yol açmaktadır. Bu toksik ürünler ise klasik arıtma yöntemleriyle gderilememektedir. Ayrıca bu bileşikler su ortamında kısmi olarak arıtılsalar bile meydana getirdikleri yan ürünlerin toksisitesi içme suyu için hala bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle bileşiklerin toksik olmayan yan ürünler üreten İleri Oksidasyon prosesleri (İOP) ile arıtılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada su ortamında yaygın olarak bulunan siyanobakteriyel toksin bileşiklerinden MC-RR’nin düşük ve yüksek frekanslarda ultrasonik oksidasyonu incelenerek oksidasyon sonrası ürünlerin toksisitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, MC-RR’nin 30 dakika boyunca 578 kHz frekansta ultrasonik oksidasyonunun 2. mertebe kientiğe uyduğu ve %10-12 oranında bir konsantrasyon azalması sağladığı belirlenmiştir. MC-RR’nin başlangıç konsantrasyonlarının (1,25 µg/L) sağlıklı fare karaciğer hücrelerinin canlılığını %85 civarına düşürmüş; tüm ultrasonik sistemlerde oksidasyon sonunda, hücre canlılıkları ya aynı kalmış ya da başlangıç konsantrasyonuna göre %5 oranında daha artmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri (İOP)
• MC-RR
• Toksisite
• Ultrasonik Oksidasyon

Kaynakça

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