Year 2024,
, 264 - 281, 24.09.2024
Halil Coşkun Çelik
,
Furkan Özdemir
,
Recep Bindak
References
- Ahmad, S., & Zanzali, N.A. (2006). Problem posing abilities in mathematics of Malaysian primary year 5 children: An exploratory study. Jurnal Pendidikan Universitas Teknologi Malaysia, 2(8), 1-9.
- Akay, H., & Boz, N. (2010). The effect of problem posing oriented Analyses-II course on the attitudes toward mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy of elementary prospective mathematics teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(1), 1-75. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2010v35n1.6
- Amri, S., & Widada, W. (2018). The role of self-efficacy and mathematics ability in the problem-solving mathematics. 1st International Conference on Educational Sciences and Teacher Profession (ICETeP 2018) (pp. 70-73). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Volume 295. https://doi.org/10.2991/icetep-18.2019.17
- Arikan, E. E., & Unal, H. (2015). An investigation of eighth grade students’ problem posing skills (Turkey sample). International Journal of Research in Education and Science (IJRES), 1(1), 23-30.
- Baki, A. (2018). Knowledge of teaching mathematics. Pegem Publishing
- Brown, S. I., & Walter, M. I. (2005). The art of problem posing. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
- Cai, J., Hwang, S., Jiang, C., & Silber, S. (2015). Problem-posing research in mathematics education: Some answered and unanswered questions. In Singer, F.M., Ellerton, N.F., & Cai, J. (Edt). Mathematical problem posing: From research to effective practice, (pp. 3-34). Springer.
- Cai, J., & Hwang, S. (2002). Generalized and generative thinking in U.S. and Chinese students' mathematical problem-solving and problem posing. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 21(4), 401–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0732-3123(02)00142-6
- Cai, J., & Hwang, S. (2003). A perspective for examining the link between problems posing and problem-solving. Proceeding of the Joint Annual Meeting of the PME and PME/NA. University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, July 13-18, 3: 103-110.
- Cantürk Günhan, B., Geçici, M. E., & Günkaya, B. (2019). The effect of problem posing based mathematics teaching on students' success: a meta-analysis study. Necatibey Faculty of Education, Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13(2), 1042-1062. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.614345
- Chen, L., Van Dooren, W., Chen, Q., & Verschaffel, L. (2010). An investigation on Chinese teachers’ realistic problem-posing and problem-solving abilities and beliefs. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 9, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-010-9259-7
- Chen, L., Van Dooren, W., & Verschaffel, L. (2015). Enhancing the development of Chinese fifth-graders’ problem-posing and problem-solving abilities, beliefs, and attitudes: A design experiment. In M. Singer, N. F. Ellerton, & J. Cai (Eds.), Mathematical problem posing: From research to effective practice (pp. 309–329). New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6258-3_15
- Çanakçı, O., & Özdemir, A. Ş. (2011). The construction of mathematics problem-solving attitude scale. Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 11(1), 119-136.
- Dursun, Y., & Kocagöz, E. (2010). Structural equation modeling and regression: A comparative analysis. Erciyes University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences (ERUFEAS), 0(35), 1-17.
- English, L. D. (1998). Children’s problem posing within formal and informal contexts. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 29(1), 83–106. https://doi.org/10.2307/749719
- English, L. (1997). Promoting a problem-posing classroom. Teaching Children Mathematics, 4, 172-179. https://doi.org/10.5951/TCM.4.3.0172
- English, L. D. (2020). Teaching and learning through mathematical problem posing: Commentary. International Journal of Educational Research, 102(2020), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.06.014
- Frick, R. W. (1998). Interpreting statistical testing: Process and propensity, not population and random sampling. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 30(3), 527-535. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200686
- Gonzales, N. A. (1998). A blueprint for problem posing. School Science and Mathematics, 94(2), 78- 85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1998.tb17437.x
- Gravetter, F. J., & Forzano, L. A. B. (2017). Research methods for the behavioral sciences. Cengage Learning.
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation moderation and conditional process analysis (Second Ed.). The Guilford Press.
- Heppner, P. P., Wampold, B. E., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2013). Research design in counseling. Thomson Brooks.
- Işık, A., Çiltaş, A., & Kar, T. (2012). The effect of problem posing instruction on problem-solving success of 6th grade students with different number sense. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 2(4), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.14527/C2S4M6
- Kaba, Y., & Sengul, S. (2017). The relationships between middle school students’ problem posing achievements and math problem-solving attitudes: Fractions. New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 462-471. https://doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i1.2289
- Katrancı, Y., & Şengül, S. (2019). The relationship between middle school students’ attitudes towards mathematical problem-posing, attitudes towards mathematical problem-solving, and attitudes towards mathematics. Education and Science, 44(197), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2019.7315
- Kılıç, Ç. (2017). A new problem-posing approach based on problem-solving strategy: Analyzing pre-service primary school teachers’ performance. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17, 771–789. https://doi.org/10.12738/ estp.2017.3.0017
- Kramarski, B., Mevarech, Z. R., & Arami, M. (2002). The effects of metacognitive instruction on solving mathematical authentic tasks. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 49, 225–250. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016282811724
- Leavy, A. M., & O’Shea, J. (2011). Problem posing and pre-service primary teachers: An initial study. In T. Dooley, D. Corcoran & M. Ryan, (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Research in Mathematics Education (MEI4) Theme: Mathematics Teaching Matters, 227-238, September, 22-23. Dublin, Ireland.
- Lester, F. K., & Cai, J. (2016). Can mathematical problem-solving be taught? Preliminary answers from 30 years of research. In P. Felmer, E. Pehkonen, & J. Kilpatrick (Ed.), Posing and solving mathematical problems advances and new perspectives (pp. 118-135). Springer.
- Little, T. D., Cunningham, W. A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. F. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 151–173. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_1
- Lowrie, T. (2002). Designing a framework for problem posing: Young children generating open-ended tasks. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 3(3), 354-364. https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2002.3.3.4
- Matsunaga, M. (2008). Item parceling in structural equation modeling: A primer. Communication Methods and Measures. 2(4), 260-293. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312450802458935
- Mersin, N., & Kılıç, Ç. (2021). International comparison of problem-posing activities in middle school mathematics textbooks. Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 21(4), 1259-1279. https://dx.doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2021..-926658
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2013). Middle school mathematics (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades) curriculum. T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2015). Primary school mathematics (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades) curriculum. T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2018). Mathematics curriculum (Primary and Middle Schools 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8th Grades). T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM]. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teacher Mathematics.
- Nicolaou, A. & Philippou, G. N. (2007). Efficacy beliefs, problem posing and mathematics achievement. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 29(4), 48-70.
- Özcan, Z. C., & Gümüş, A. E. (2019). A modeling study to explain mathematical problem-solving performance through metacognition, self-efficacy, motivation, and anxiety. Australian Journal of Education, 63(1), 116-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004944119840073
- Özdemir, A. S., & Sahal, M. (2018). The effect of teaching integers through the problem posing approach on students’ academic achievement and mathematics attitudes. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 78, 117-138. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2018.78.6
- Özgen, K., Aydın, M., Geçici, M. E., & Bayram, B. (2017). Investigation of problem posing skills of eighth grade students in terms of some variables. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 8(2), 218-243. https://doi.org/10.16949/turkbilmat.322660
- Özgen, K., & Bayram, B. (2020). Investigation of middle school students’ problem posing skills and problem posing self-efficacy beliefs. Van Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Education Faculty, 17(1), 455-485. https://doi.org/10.33711/yyuefd.693817
- Pajares, F., & Kranzler, J. (1995). Self-efficacy beliefs and general mental ability in mathematical problem-solving. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26, 426-443. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1995.1029
- Posamentier, A. S., & Krulik, S. (2016). Problem-solving in mathematics: For 3-6th grades (L. Akgün, T. Kar, and M. F. Öçal, tra.). Pegem Publishing.
- Recber, S., Isiksal, M., & Koc, Y. (2018). Investigating self-efficacy, anxiety, attitudes and mathematics achievement regarding gender and school type. Anales de Psicología, 34(1), 41-51, https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.34.1.229571
- Rosli, R., Capraro, M.M., & Capraro, R. M. (2014). The effects of problem posing on student mathematical learning: A meta-analysis. International Education Studies, 7(13), 227-241. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v7n13p227
- Silver, E. A., & Cai, J. (2005). Assessing students’ mathematical problem posing. Teaching Children Mathematics, 12(3), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.5951/TCM.12.3.0129
- Stickles, P. R. (2011). An analysis of secondary and middle school teachers’ mathematical problem posing. Investigations in Mathematics Learning, 3(2), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/24727466.2011.11790301
- Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Introduction to structural equation models [Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş]. Ekinoks.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
- Taşkın, D., Aydın, F., Akşan, E., & Güven, B. (2012). The relationship between secondary students' beliefs on mathematical problem-solving and mathematical self-efficacy perception and their achievement in routine and non-routine problems. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 7(1), 50-61.
- Temel, S. (2012). Fundamental elements of problem-solving process: Metacognitive self–regulation strategies and self-efficacy. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, Special Issue 2, 190-199.
- Tsai, M. H., & Tang, Y. C. (2017). Learning attitudes and problem-solving attitudes for blended problem-based learning. Library Hi Tech, 35(4), 615–628. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-06-2017-0102
- Turhan, B., & Güven, M. (2014). The effect of mathematics instruction with problem posing approach on problem-solving success, problem posing ability and views towards mathematics. Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal, 43(2), 217-234. https://doi.org/10.14812/cufej.2014.021
- Umay, A. (2001). Perceptions of the effect of self- efficacy against mathematics elementary mathematics teaching program. Journal of Qafqaz University, 8(1), 1-8.
- Xia, X., Lü, C., & Wang, B. (2008). Research on mathematics instruction experiment based problem posing. Journal of Mathematics Education, 1(1), 153-163.
- Xie, J., & Masingila, J. O. (2017). Examining interactions between problem posing and problem-solving with prospective primary teachers: A case of using fractions. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 96, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-017-9760-9
- Yurt, E., & Sünbül, A. M. (2014). A structural equation model explaining 8th grade students’ mathematics achievements. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(4), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.4.2193
- Zakaria, E., & Ngah, N. (2011). A preliminary analysis of students’ problem-posing ability and its relationship to attitudes towards problem-solving. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 3(9), 866-870.
- Zhou, D., Du, X., Hau, K.T., Luo, H., Feng, P., & Liu, J. (2020). Teacher-student relationship and mathematical problem-solving ability: mediating roles of self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety. Educational Psychology, 40(4), 473-489, https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2019.1696947
The Effect of Problem Posing Attitude on Problem Solving Attitude: The Mediating Role of Mathematical Self-Efficacy
Year 2024,
, 264 - 281, 24.09.2024
Halil Coşkun Çelik
,
Furkan Özdemir
,
Recep Bindak
Abstract
In this study, the relationships between middle school students' problem posing attitudes, self-efficacy perceptions and problem-solving attitudes in mathematics were examined. This study investigated the mediating roles of mathematical self-efficacy on the effects of problem posing attitudes on problem-solving attitudes. A structural equation modelling was used to examine the mediating roles of mathematical self-efficacy perceptions in the effects of the problem posing attitudes on mathematical problem-solving attitudes. This study was carried out on 493 (251 girls, 242 boys) students studying in a secondary school affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in **** province in Türkiye in the fall term of the 2023-2024 academic year. Data were collected via online questionnaire form. The findings indicated that a) students’ problem posing attitudes had a direct and positive effect on students’ mathematical problem-solving attitudes; b) students’ problem posing attitudes had a direct and positive effect on students’ mathematical self-efficacy perceptions c) students’ mathematical self-efficacy perceptions had a direct and positive effect on students’ mathematical problem-solving attitudes; In addition, mathematical self-efficacy perceptions play a partial mediating role in the relationship between students' problem-posing attitudes and mathematical problem-solving attitudes.
References
- Ahmad, S., & Zanzali, N.A. (2006). Problem posing abilities in mathematics of Malaysian primary year 5 children: An exploratory study. Jurnal Pendidikan Universitas Teknologi Malaysia, 2(8), 1-9.
- Akay, H., & Boz, N. (2010). The effect of problem posing oriented Analyses-II course on the attitudes toward mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy of elementary prospective mathematics teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(1), 1-75. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2010v35n1.6
- Amri, S., & Widada, W. (2018). The role of self-efficacy and mathematics ability in the problem-solving mathematics. 1st International Conference on Educational Sciences and Teacher Profession (ICETeP 2018) (pp. 70-73). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Volume 295. https://doi.org/10.2991/icetep-18.2019.17
- Arikan, E. E., & Unal, H. (2015). An investigation of eighth grade students’ problem posing skills (Turkey sample). International Journal of Research in Education and Science (IJRES), 1(1), 23-30.
- Baki, A. (2018). Knowledge of teaching mathematics. Pegem Publishing
- Brown, S. I., & Walter, M. I. (2005). The art of problem posing. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
- Cai, J., Hwang, S., Jiang, C., & Silber, S. (2015). Problem-posing research in mathematics education: Some answered and unanswered questions. In Singer, F.M., Ellerton, N.F., & Cai, J. (Edt). Mathematical problem posing: From research to effective practice, (pp. 3-34). Springer.
- Cai, J., & Hwang, S. (2002). Generalized and generative thinking in U.S. and Chinese students' mathematical problem-solving and problem posing. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 21(4), 401–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0732-3123(02)00142-6
- Cai, J., & Hwang, S. (2003). A perspective for examining the link between problems posing and problem-solving. Proceeding of the Joint Annual Meeting of the PME and PME/NA. University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, July 13-18, 3: 103-110.
- Cantürk Günhan, B., Geçici, M. E., & Günkaya, B. (2019). The effect of problem posing based mathematics teaching on students' success: a meta-analysis study. Necatibey Faculty of Education, Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13(2), 1042-1062. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.614345
- Chen, L., Van Dooren, W., Chen, Q., & Verschaffel, L. (2010). An investigation on Chinese teachers’ realistic problem-posing and problem-solving abilities and beliefs. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 9, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-010-9259-7
- Chen, L., Van Dooren, W., & Verschaffel, L. (2015). Enhancing the development of Chinese fifth-graders’ problem-posing and problem-solving abilities, beliefs, and attitudes: A design experiment. In M. Singer, N. F. Ellerton, & J. Cai (Eds.), Mathematical problem posing: From research to effective practice (pp. 309–329). New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6258-3_15
- Çanakçı, O., & Özdemir, A. Ş. (2011). The construction of mathematics problem-solving attitude scale. Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 11(1), 119-136.
- Dursun, Y., & Kocagöz, E. (2010). Structural equation modeling and regression: A comparative analysis. Erciyes University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences (ERUFEAS), 0(35), 1-17.
- English, L. D. (1998). Children’s problem posing within formal and informal contexts. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 29(1), 83–106. https://doi.org/10.2307/749719
- English, L. (1997). Promoting a problem-posing classroom. Teaching Children Mathematics, 4, 172-179. https://doi.org/10.5951/TCM.4.3.0172
- English, L. D. (2020). Teaching and learning through mathematical problem posing: Commentary. International Journal of Educational Research, 102(2020), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.06.014
- Frick, R. W. (1998). Interpreting statistical testing: Process and propensity, not population and random sampling. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 30(3), 527-535. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200686
- Gonzales, N. A. (1998). A blueprint for problem posing. School Science and Mathematics, 94(2), 78- 85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1998.tb17437.x
- Gravetter, F. J., & Forzano, L. A. B. (2017). Research methods for the behavioral sciences. Cengage Learning.
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation moderation and conditional process analysis (Second Ed.). The Guilford Press.
- Heppner, P. P., Wampold, B. E., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2013). Research design in counseling. Thomson Brooks.
- Işık, A., Çiltaş, A., & Kar, T. (2012). The effect of problem posing instruction on problem-solving success of 6th grade students with different number sense. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 2(4), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.14527/C2S4M6
- Kaba, Y., & Sengul, S. (2017). The relationships between middle school students’ problem posing achievements and math problem-solving attitudes: Fractions. New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 462-471. https://doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i1.2289
- Katrancı, Y., & Şengül, S. (2019). The relationship between middle school students’ attitudes towards mathematical problem-posing, attitudes towards mathematical problem-solving, and attitudes towards mathematics. Education and Science, 44(197), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2019.7315
- Kılıç, Ç. (2017). A new problem-posing approach based on problem-solving strategy: Analyzing pre-service primary school teachers’ performance. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 17, 771–789. https://doi.org/10.12738/ estp.2017.3.0017
- Kramarski, B., Mevarech, Z. R., & Arami, M. (2002). The effects of metacognitive instruction on solving mathematical authentic tasks. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 49, 225–250. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016282811724
- Leavy, A. M., & O’Shea, J. (2011). Problem posing and pre-service primary teachers: An initial study. In T. Dooley, D. Corcoran & M. Ryan, (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Research in Mathematics Education (MEI4) Theme: Mathematics Teaching Matters, 227-238, September, 22-23. Dublin, Ireland.
- Lester, F. K., & Cai, J. (2016). Can mathematical problem-solving be taught? Preliminary answers from 30 years of research. In P. Felmer, E. Pehkonen, & J. Kilpatrick (Ed.), Posing and solving mathematical problems advances and new perspectives (pp. 118-135). Springer.
- Little, T. D., Cunningham, W. A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. F. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 151–173. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_1
- Lowrie, T. (2002). Designing a framework for problem posing: Young children generating open-ended tasks. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 3(3), 354-364. https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2002.3.3.4
- Matsunaga, M. (2008). Item parceling in structural equation modeling: A primer. Communication Methods and Measures. 2(4), 260-293. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312450802458935
- Mersin, N., & Kılıç, Ç. (2021). International comparison of problem-posing activities in middle school mathematics textbooks. Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 21(4), 1259-1279. https://dx.doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2021..-926658
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2013). Middle school mathematics (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades) curriculum. T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2015). Primary school mathematics (5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades) curriculum. T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- Ministry of National Education [MoNE] (2018). Mathematics curriculum (Primary and Middle Schools 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8th Grades). T.C. Ministry of National Education, Ankara.
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM]. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teacher Mathematics.
- Nicolaou, A. & Philippou, G. N. (2007). Efficacy beliefs, problem posing and mathematics achievement. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 29(4), 48-70.
- Özcan, Z. C., & Gümüş, A. E. (2019). A modeling study to explain mathematical problem-solving performance through metacognition, self-efficacy, motivation, and anxiety. Australian Journal of Education, 63(1), 116-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004944119840073
- Özdemir, A. S., & Sahal, M. (2018). The effect of teaching integers through the problem posing approach on students’ academic achievement and mathematics attitudes. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 78, 117-138. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2018.78.6
- Özgen, K., Aydın, M., Geçici, M. E., & Bayram, B. (2017). Investigation of problem posing skills of eighth grade students in terms of some variables. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 8(2), 218-243. https://doi.org/10.16949/turkbilmat.322660
- Özgen, K., & Bayram, B. (2020). Investigation of middle school students’ problem posing skills and problem posing self-efficacy beliefs. Van Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Education Faculty, 17(1), 455-485. https://doi.org/10.33711/yyuefd.693817
- Pajares, F., & Kranzler, J. (1995). Self-efficacy beliefs and general mental ability in mathematical problem-solving. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26, 426-443. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1995.1029
- Posamentier, A. S., & Krulik, S. (2016). Problem-solving in mathematics: For 3-6th grades (L. Akgün, T. Kar, and M. F. Öçal, tra.). Pegem Publishing.
- Recber, S., Isiksal, M., & Koc, Y. (2018). Investigating self-efficacy, anxiety, attitudes and mathematics achievement regarding gender and school type. Anales de Psicología, 34(1), 41-51, https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.34.1.229571
- Rosli, R., Capraro, M.M., & Capraro, R. M. (2014). The effects of problem posing on student mathematical learning: A meta-analysis. International Education Studies, 7(13), 227-241. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v7n13p227
- Silver, E. A., & Cai, J. (2005). Assessing students’ mathematical problem posing. Teaching Children Mathematics, 12(3), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.5951/TCM.12.3.0129
- Stickles, P. R. (2011). An analysis of secondary and middle school teachers’ mathematical problem posing. Investigations in Mathematics Learning, 3(2), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/24727466.2011.11790301
- Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Introduction to structural equation models [Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş]. Ekinoks.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
- Taşkın, D., Aydın, F., Akşan, E., & Güven, B. (2012). The relationship between secondary students' beliefs on mathematical problem-solving and mathematical self-efficacy perception and their achievement in routine and non-routine problems. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 7(1), 50-61.
- Temel, S. (2012). Fundamental elements of problem-solving process: Metacognitive self–regulation strategies and self-efficacy. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, Special Issue 2, 190-199.
- Tsai, M. H., & Tang, Y. C. (2017). Learning attitudes and problem-solving attitudes for blended problem-based learning. Library Hi Tech, 35(4), 615–628. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-06-2017-0102
- Turhan, B., & Güven, M. (2014). The effect of mathematics instruction with problem posing approach on problem-solving success, problem posing ability and views towards mathematics. Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal, 43(2), 217-234. https://doi.org/10.14812/cufej.2014.021
- Umay, A. (2001). Perceptions of the effect of self- efficacy against mathematics elementary mathematics teaching program. Journal of Qafqaz University, 8(1), 1-8.
- Xia, X., Lü, C., & Wang, B. (2008). Research on mathematics instruction experiment based problem posing. Journal of Mathematics Education, 1(1), 153-163.
- Xie, J., & Masingila, J. O. (2017). Examining interactions between problem posing and problem-solving with prospective primary teachers: A case of using fractions. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 96, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-017-9760-9
- Yurt, E., & Sünbül, A. M. (2014). A structural equation model explaining 8th grade students’ mathematics achievements. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(4), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.4.2193
- Zakaria, E., & Ngah, N. (2011). A preliminary analysis of students’ problem-posing ability and its relationship to attitudes towards problem-solving. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 3(9), 866-870.
- Zhou, D., Du, X., Hau, K.T., Luo, H., Feng, P., & Liu, J. (2020). Teacher-student relationship and mathematical problem-solving ability: mediating roles of self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety. Educational Psychology, 40(4), 473-489, https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2019.1696947